367 results about "Linear measurement" patented technology

A method and apparatus for measuring the physical characteristics of livestock animals such as cattle and hogs. The apparatus of the invention includes a plurality of strategically positioned cameras that are used to obtain data concerning volumetric, curvilinear (surface) and linear measurements of livestock animals such as cattle and hogs and the full carcasses thereof. In accordance with the method of the invention, the data is analyzed to provide information that substantially assists the commercial producer of livestock animals in producing a high-quality end-product for the consumer while adding profitability to the enterprise.

A method and apparatus for measuring the physical characteristics of livestock animals such as cattle and hogs. The apparatus of the invention includes a plurality of strategically positioned cameras that are used to obtain data concerning volumetric, curvilinear (surface) and linear measurements of livestock animals such as cattle and hogs and the full carcasses thereof. In accordance with the method of the invention, the data is analyzed to provide information that substantially assists the commercial producer of livestock animals in producing a high-quality end product for the consumer while adding profitability to the enterprise.

The recently introduced theory of Compressive Sensing (CS) enables a new method for signal recovery from incomplete information (a reduced set of “compressive” linear measurements), based on the assumption that the signal is sparse in some dictionary. Such compressive measurement schemes are desirable in practice for reducing the costs of signal acquisition, storage, and processing. However, the current CS framework considers only a certain task (signal recovery) and only in a certain model setting (sparsity).

We show that compressive measurements are in fact information scalable, allowing one to answer a broad spectrum of questions about a signal when provided only with a reduced set of compressive measurements. These questions range from complete signal recovery at one extreme down to a simple binary detection decision at the other. (Questions in between include, for example, estimation and classification.) We provide techniques such as a “compressive matched filter” for answering several of these questions given the available measurements, often without needing to first reconstruct the signal. In many cases, these techniques can succeed with far fewer measurements than would be required for full signal recovery, and such techniques can also be computationally more efficient. Based on additional mathematical insight, we discuss information scalable algorithms in several model settings, including sparsity (as in CS), but also in parametric or manifold-based settings and in model-free settings for generic statements of detection, classification, and estimation problems.

A method and system for calibrating an analog sensor used in a digital measurement system is provided. The design comprises generating a precise pressure value set at multiple calibration points and supplying said precise pressure value set to an uncalibrated pressure sensor, detecting sensor changes for the uncalibrated pressure sensor based on each precise pressure value generated, polling an actual pressure reading associated with a sensor change for the uncalibrated pressure sensor for each calibration point, and establishing a mathematical relationship between measured value readings and actual pressure for the uncalibrated sensor. Establishing the mathematical relationship converts the uncalibrated sensor to a newly calibrated sensor. A known good sensor may be employed to enhance calibration reliability.

The invention discloses a linear array SAR sparse reconstitution imaging and model phase error correction method. According to the characteristic that scattering targets are sparse in an actual linear array three-dimensional SAR imaging scene space, the linear array SAR sparse reconstitution imaging and model phase error correction method establishes a linear measurement matrix of linear array SAR original echo signals and scattering coefficients in a scene target space, phase error factors existing in the linear array three-dimensional SAR actual measurement are also taken into account, a scattering phase vector between a phase error matrix and a scene target is estimated through iterative optimization, imaging processing of the sparse targets in a linear array SAR three-dimensional space is realized, the effect on imaging by phase errors is restrained, and the stability of linear array SAR sparse reconstitution imaging and the imaging precision of a linear array SAR are improved. The linear array SAR sparse reconstitution imaging and model phase error correction method can be applied to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, earth remote sensing and other fields.

The invention concerns a high frequency non-linear measurement system for analysing the behaviour of a high frequency device, for example a device for use in a high power, high frequency amplifier, such as an amplifier for use in a mobile telephone network or other telecommunications-related base-station. An embodiment of the invention provides a high frequency non-linear measurement system including one or more multiplexer circuits. Each multiplexer circuit comprises a first signal-combining circuit and a second signal-combining circuit. Each signal-combining circuit comprises a pair of directional couplers connected via a pair of signal filters arranged in parallel.

The invention discloses a method for calibrating fixed errors of an inertial sensor in an inertial navigation system in real time. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, establishing a fixed error model of the inertial sensor during the dynamic flying process of an aircraft, wherein the fixed errors include installation errors and scale factor errors; secondly, establishing a state equation and a position, speed and attitude linear measurement equation of a filter, with the fixed errors of the inertial sensor included, on the basis of a random error model of a traditional IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and the established fixed error model; and finally, carrying out real-time dynamic calibration and correction to the fixed errors of the inertial sensor during the dynamic flying process of the aircraft, so as to obtain the navigation result of the inertial navigation system after the fixed errors of the inertial sensor are compensated and corrected. The method can realize the calibration and correction of installation errors and scale factor errors of the inertial sensor used in the inertial navigation system during the dynamic flying process of the aircraft, effectively enhances the performance of the inertial navigation system, and is suitable for engineering application.

In a method for generating an image of an examination subject with a tomography-capable X-ray device, particularly a computed tomography device, having a multi-row X-ray detector array, an X-ray radiator that rotates about a system axis and emits a conical x-ray beam, and a positioning device by means of which the subject is positionable relative to the X-ray radiator in different z-positions in a direction parallel to the system axis, the image is reconstructed from the raw data that are generated from the X-ray radiator. Raw data are generated from both a rotation scan and a linear scan. In the linear scan, all transmission values for the image reconstruction are acquired in one continuous linear scanning movement, so that the rotation scan can be picked up while the X-ray radiator is in continuous rotation. A topogram that is executed prior to the actual rotation scan for the purpose of selecting a region of interest of the subject for the subsequent rotation scan can be utilized as a linear measurement dataset. A particularly rapid acquisition of initial data for the subsequent 3D image reconstruction occurs.

The invention discloses a GPS/SINS/CNS integrated navigation method based on a five-order cubature kalman filter (CKF).The method is characterized by comprising the steps of 1, establishing an integrated navigation system non-linear error equation and a linear measurement equation based on a SINS error equation; 2, establishing the five-order CKF by means of the five-order spherical surface radial cubature rule; 3, filtering and fusing information output by a SINS, a GPS and a CNS by means of the five-order CKF to obtain the optimal estimation of navigation parameters.

The method for Kalman filter state estimation in bilinear systems provides for state estimation in dynamic systems, and is a bilinear extension of the Kalman filter and the Kalman smoother. The method for Kalman filter state estimation in bilinear systems introduces a nonlinear state equation coupled with a linear measurements equation. The specific nonlinearity is of the bilinear form, depending upon the system dynamics.

The invention provides a hard threshold OMP (orthogonal matching pursuit)-based linear array SAR (synthetic aperture radar) sparse imaging method. A linear measurement matrix of original echo signals of a linear array SAR and scattering coefficients in a target space of an observed scene is established for the characteristic that main scattering targets are spatially sparse in the target space of the observed scene of the linear array SAR, and contrast between maximum and minimum target scattering coefficients and a target scattering coefficient change rate are used as iteration ending conditions for the iteration processing of a hard threshold OMP algorithm, so that the dependence of a conventional OMP algorithm on the number of the main scattering targets in linear array SAR sparse imaging is overcome. Compared with a conventional OMP algorithm-based linear array SAR sparse imaging method, so that the method has the advantages that the number of the main scattering targets in the target space of the observed scene is not required to be known, and the method is more applicable to the linear array SAR sparse imaging when the number of the main scattering targets is unknown under actual conditions; the imaging accuracy of the linear array SAR is improved. The method can be applied to the fields of SAR imaging, earth remote sensing and the like.

The invention discloses a structure optimization method for a measurement matrix in image reconstruction based on compressed sensing. In compressed sensing image reconstruction, an image needs to be linearly measured and observed, original signals are sampled and compressed, signal dimension is greatly reduced, and the structure of the measurement matrix plays an important role in the linear measurement process. Based on a 0 and 1 binary random measurement matrix, the measurement matrix is redesigned, a super-sparsity diagonal measurement matrix is built, and irrelevance of the matrix is greatly improved, so that the sensing matrix more effectively meets RIP (routing information protocol) conditions. According to the new measurement matrix, hardware is easily implemented, calculation of the projection measurement process is simplified, and the PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio) and SSIM (structural similarity) of reconstructed images are greatly improved.

A pipe insulation assembly includes a length of tubular insulation with a longitudinally extending slit so that the tubular insulation can be passed over and mounted on a length of pipe and a jacket overlaying the outer surface of the tubular insulation. To facilitate the installation of the pipe insulation assembly, a ruler, which is associated with the jacket and, preferably, no longer visible when the pipe insulation is mounted on a pipe, extends for the length of the jacket and is located adjacent the slit in the tubular insulation. The ruler has units of linear measurement marked thereon for measuring the pipe insulation assembly in the direction of the length of the pipe insulation assembly.

The invention discloses a liquid level linear measurement method based on an impedance measurement. The method comprises the following steps: the liquid impedance is measured by using a measuring electrode and simultaneously ia group of reference electrodes are introduced; according to the inverse relation between the liquid impedance and the depth that the parallel or coaxial measuring electrode dips into the liquid to obtain the quotient between the two impedance figures measured by the reference electrode and the measuring electrode respectively; as a result, on the one hand, the final liquid impedance figure measured by the measuring electrode is linked with the liquid depth instead of the liquid composition; on the other hand, the inverse relation between the liquid impedance and the depth that the measuring electrode dips into the liquid is converted into a linear relation between the depth that the measuring electrode dips into the liquid and the final output signal, and the final output signal is linked with the liquid linearity instead of the liquid composition and property.

Linear measurements of items are made by selecting a field of view including the items. A reference marker of known length is placed in the field of view. A digital image of which is taken and stored. Digital image information is processed by a program, and with the reference marker is resolved in the image. A user may locate a cursor at an end of the reference marker and click to register the position. An electronic distance, e.g., a number of pixels between the ends of the reference marker, is normalized to the length of the reference marker. A user selects points on the image on a display to define a line segment on a dimension of interest to be determined. Calculations relate the length of the line segment to the length of the reference marker. A number indicated the desired dimension may be displayed on the image.

The invention relates to a rapid spectrograph and a measuring method thereof. The rapid spectrograph comprises a rapid spectrum analyzing system for measuring the spectrum power distribution of a light source to be measured; an optical signal acquisition device for acquiring and transmitting an optical signal to the rapid spectrum analyzing system is connected with the rapid spectrum analyzing system; and the rapid spectrum analyzing system and a microcontroller are in electric connection. The invention is characterized by also comprising a reference probe for measuring the photometric quantity or the radiation measurement of the light source to be measured; and the reference probe and the microcontroller are in electric connection by a signal converting circuit which can convert an analog signal into a digital signal. The rapid spectrograph and the measuring method utilize the reference probe to realize the linear measurement of the photometric quantity or the radiation measurement in a large-span dynamic range and correct a measuring result of the probe to an exact value by utilizing the measuring result of optical spectroscopy. Various known standard values are stored in a computer for transferring in correction to correct a measured value; therefore, the measuring precision can be effectively improved.

Methods and apparatus enable filling a receptacle with solid particles introduced into the receptacle with a controlled flow rate and pattern of distribution of the particles. A pneumatic loader may dispense the particles into the receptacle with ability to adjust the flow rate and pattern of distribution of the particles. Further, a laser sensor may enable detecting a topographic level of the particles loaded by movement of the laser sensor around a point to make linear measurements across the reactor at multiple angularly offset orientations.

The invention provides a linear array SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) three-dimensional imaging method based on a threshold gradient tracking algorithm. The method comprises the steps of establishing a linear measurement model between linear array SAR original echo signals and a three-dimensional observation scene target scattering coefficient using a correlation among linear array SAR system parameters, motion platform parameters, space parameters of an observation scene target and original echo signals, and then reconstructing the observation scene target scattering coefficient using a TBGP (Total Blood Granulocyte Pool) method based on the signal linear measurement model. By using the contrast of maximum and minimum target scattering coefficients and the change rate of the target scattering coefficient as algorithm iteration termination conditions, the linear array SAR sparse imaging performance of a GP (Genetic Programming) algorithm under the condition that the sparsity of the observation scene is unknown is improved, the operation efficiency and the space storage efficiency are improved relative to an OMP (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) algorithm, and the method can be applied in the fields of synthetic aperture radar imaging, earth remote sensing and the like.

A golf club fitting apparatus comprises an image display unit; a linear guide having a lower end that is attached to the image display unit and rotatable in relation to the unit; an arm that is attached to the linear guide and slidable in relation to the linear guide; a first encoder coupled to the linear guide and configured to generate a rotation signal when the linear guide is rotated relative to the image display unit; a second encoder capable of generating a linear measurement signal when the linear guide slides; and image display logic coupled to the first encoder, second encoder, and image display unit and which when executed by one or more processors causes displaying a golf club head image on the image display unit, and re-displaying the image in a changed configuration in response to one or both of the rotation signal and the linear measurement signal.

The present invention discloses an electric power system bilinear anti-error estimation method based on a bilinear protruding optimization theory. A bilinear theory is introduced, and a non-linear measurement equation is converted to a two-phase linearity measurement equation; the sparse characteristic of the rough error is calculated and measured, the anti-error estimation is converted to the two-phase strict protruding optimization problem; and each phase identifies the sparse measurement rough error based on the ADMM, rejects the rough error in the measurement to employ the WLS for solution, and maintains the WLS advantages. The test results of the IEEE standard system and the national real power grid show that: because the bilinear theory is introduced, the calculation efficiency of the electric power system bilinear anti-error estimation method is higher than that of a traditional WLS estimator, the ADMM technology greatly identifies the spare measurement rough error to allow the estimation precision of the electric power system bilinear anti-error estimation method to be better than that of a traditional anti-error estimator.