Patents
Literature
Patsnap Eureka AI that helps you search prior art, draft patents, and assess FTO risks, powered by patent and scientific literature data.

142 results about "Standard system" patented technology

Method for automatically identifying difference between domestic and overseas standard files

The invention relates to the field of standard comparison analysis, in particular to a method for automatically identifying differences of domestic and overseas standard files. A method for automatically identifying differences of standard files at home and abroad comprises the following four steps of S1, standard file analysis and information extraction, S2, semantic understanding and information integration, S3, standard difference comparison, S4, compliance analysis and suggestion, and in combination with a rule engine and a natural language generation technology, evaluating difference influences and outputting adjustment suggestions. According to the method, comprehensive analysis of the standard file is realized through multi-modal integration and structured processing, and a knowledge base with cross-language and format is constructed; clause association reasoning is realized through deep semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction; according to the method, accurate difference recognition is achieved through hybrid embedding and a dynamic threshold strategy, the accuracy and efficiency of standard comparison are remarkably improved, the manual intervention cost is reduced, and an efficient solution is provided for standard system analysis in international trade and technical cooperation.
Owner:ZHEJIANG INSTITUTE OF QUALITY SCIENCES

Enterprise digitalization-oriented data management and application method

The invention relates to the technical field of information and data processing, in particular to an enterprise digitalization-oriented data management and application method, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring multi-source heterogeneous data and recording metadata; establishing a cross-department management system to standardize the treatment process; building an asset catalog based on the business section and the data field classification; formulating unified data description of a multi-level data standard system; designing a quality control rule to filter low-quality data; constructing a business index system and embedding the business index system into a business system; identifying a cross-system and cross-type association mode through a metadata association technology and a rule engine; and dynamically adjusting the treatment process by adopting a multi-objective optimization algorithm in combination with service feedback and treatment parameters. According to the method, the defects of existing data governance in comprehensiveness, depth and business adaptability are overcome, standardized governance and potential value mining of multi-source data are achieved, and effective data support is provided for intelligent decision making of enterprises.
Owner:BEIJING HKRSOFT TECH CO LTD

Water conservancy project building full life cycle management method based on BIM technology analysis

The invention discloses a water conservancy project building full life cycle management method based on BIM technical analysis, and relates to the technical field of building full life cycle management. And respectively constructing three structural indexes, namely a microcrack expansion rate index F1, a damp-heat permeation combined degradation index F2 and a dynamic stiffness phase deviation index F3. The multi-dimensional feature system not only covers key risk sources such as material microcosmic degradation, environmental coupling effect and mechanical response mutation, but also breaks through a traditional extensive method which depends on single sensing data to perform health judgment, and provides a digital expression model with physical interpretation force for structural risks. According to the method, a unified health data standard system is established, and the health data standard system can be used as a core data source of upper-layer applications such as dynamic structure evaluation, an early warning model and visual mapping.
Owner:WUHAN XIANLONG TECH CO LTD

Enterprise standard system construction system based on dynamic classification and strategic adaptation

The invention relates to the technical field of enterprise system construction, in particular to an enterprise standard system construction system based on dynamic classification and strategic adaptation, which comprises a dynamic classification module, a strategic adaptation verification module and a feedback optimization channel module, wherein strategic document semantic analysis and industry benchmark data are fused in real time through a dynamic classification module to generate a strategic weight coefficient, an environment sensitivity coefficient is calculated by combining compliance dynamics and a market risk model, and the fusion weight ratio of the strategic document semantic analysis and the industry benchmark data is dynamically adjusted based on threshold judgment, so that standard label weight distribution and hierarchical division are realized; the strategic adaptation verification module tracks the dynamic contribution degree of a standard node by using a node influence attenuation model of the association map, and detects strategic deviation by executing the deviation between an index and an expected value in real time; and after the feedback optimization channel module analyzes the deviation signal, the fusion weight is adjusted according to the deviation direction and amplitude, and standard level elastic lifting is triggered through sliding window monitoring, so that strategic suitability real-time verification and quantitative response to external environment change are realized.
Owner:QINGDAO METRO GRP CO LTD

Standard system applicability evaluation method and system based on multi-source data

The invention discloses a standard system applicability evaluation method and system based on multi-source data, and relates to the field of standardization, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the historical operation data of equipment, and dividing the equipment into an experiment group equipment group and a control group equipment group; the method comprises the following steps: preprocessing historical operation data of equipment, and respectively constructing a performance index value sequence for quantitatively reflecting the achievement condition of a target standard for a technical target for an experimental group equipment group and a control group equipment group; and on the basis of the performance index numerical value sequences of the experimental group equipment group and the control group equipment group, a net effect value and statistical confidence of a target standard are calculated by adopting a double difference model, and a unit model and a geographical climate region are added into the double difference model as fixed effect control variables. According to the method, the corrected net effect value and the intermediary centrality score are fused into the comprehensive index, so that multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation combining data driving, causal identification and knowledge value of standard applicability is realized.
Owner:CHINA NAT INST OF STANDARDIZATION

Operating system containerized kernel compatible method based on shadow structure mapping

The invention discloses an operating system containerization kernel compatibility method based on shadow structure mapping, which comprises the following steps of: constructing a multi-dimensional mapping rule base by analyzing the difference of data structures between a container system and a standard system, and creating a shadow structure comprising a data area, a metadata area and an expansion area when the container system runs on a host system; the host system allocates a shadow memory space and a memory pool, establishes mapping between a shadow structure and a physical memory page and bidirectional mapping between the shadow structure and a host structure, intercepts system call of a container application, obtains a target structure and allocates a shadow structure and a host structure memory, and sends the shadow structure and the host structure memory to the host system; according to the method, conversion from the target structure to the host structure is completed according to the multi-dimensional mapping rule base, the host machine completes calling through the host structure, then the calling result is reversely converted into the target structure and returned to the container application, and seamless compatibility of the container system and the host system is achieved under the condition that a user mode program of the container system is not modified.
Owner:北京麟卓信息科技有限公司

Power grid standard intelligent recommendation method and system based on reinforcement learning and post system management

The invention provides a power grid standard intelligent recommendation method based on reinforcement learning and post system management. The power grid standard intelligent recommendation method comprises the following steps of 1, collecting and cleaning power grid standard data; step 2, post-standard system knowledge graph construction; 3, designing a reward function for the power grid standard recommendation system, and realizing a personalized recommendation strategy by taking post responsibilities and skill levels as dynamic weight parameters; and step 4, post-driven online incremental training is carried out. According to the method, a reinforcement learning dynamic optimization engine is adopted to learn user behaviors (click rate and task completion score) in real time, and a standard recommendation strategy is adjusted; and when the standard is updated, the post capability weight is automatically adjusted, closed-loop feedback optimization is realized, and the problem of updating delay of a traditional system is solved.
Owner:STATE GRID FUJIAN ELECTRIC POWER CO LTD

Hardware enforcement of boundaries on the control, space, time, modularity, reference, initialization, and mutability aspects of software

Modifications to existing computer hardware, compiler changes or source-to-source transforms performed during the software build process, and a collection of libraries and modifications to existing standard system software and libraries. The invention allows a program author to enforce various kinds of locality of causality in software to provide enforcement of boundaries for the following aspects of a computer program: control, space, time, modularity, reference, initialization, and mutability. Where these properties do not suffice to guarantee a property at static time, dynamic checks may be added and the constraints on control flow prevent such dynamic checks from being avoided by the program.
Owner:WHOLE SKY TECH CO

Permanent magnet synchronous motor speed regulation control method based on all-drive system theory

The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor speed regulation control method based on an all-drive system theory. The method comprises the following steps that A, an affine nonlinear standard model is constructed, and whether a PMSM system is an under-actuated system or not is judged based on the affine nonlinear standard model; b, obtaining a pseudo-strict feedback standard system of the PMSM according to the affine nonlinear state space model of the PMSM, and converting the pseudo-strict feedback standard system into an all-drive system model of the PMSM; c, according to the PMSM all-drive system model, constructing an all-drive control law with an expected feature structure and a linear closed-loop steady system; and D, obtaining an expected coefficient matrix through calculation, finally obtaining an all-drive control law with an expected characteristic structure, and carrying out speed regulation control on the permanent magnet synchronous motor by using the all-drive control law. According to the all-drive characteristic of the PMSM nonlinear system, accurate control over the rotating speed ring of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be achieved, and the dynamic performance and the steady-state performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are improved.
Owner:NORTH CHINA UNIV OF WATER RESOURCES & ELECTRIC POWER +1

Hand-processed product traceability equipment hardware, information software system, method and equipment

The invention relates to hand-processed product traceability equipment hardware, an information software system, a method and equipment, and belongs to the field of agricultural informatization and food safety. An equipment hardware system comprises a universal manual processing workbench, a traceability box with an intelligent lock and a passive self-destruction mechanism, and an equipment identity verification and issuing CA (Certificate Authority); the information software system comprises a traceability standard system, an authorization template library, a credible verification program library, an equipment verification personnel identity verification system, a key issuing system, packet switching detection supporting product processing flow identification and traceability report generation software based on a multi-modal large model, and a production authorization declaration system. The traceability equipment comprises a traceability box, a visual identification workbench, a traceability identity authorization system, a product processing flow management system and a third-party detection and verification module. The problems that in the manual processing process of products, data cannot be automatically collected, multi-source mixing cannot be tracked, package falling cannot be defended, and data cannot be verified are solved.
Owner:KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH

Wind and light storage modular modeling method and system oriented to electromechanical transient state of power system

The invention provides a wind and light storage modular modeling method and system oriented to an electromechanical transient state of a power system, relates to the technical field of power system simulation, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the requirements of a user on modular recombination and customized adaptation of a model cannot be met, the model reuse rate is low, the flexibility is poor, and the modeling efficiency is high. And a unified modeling standard system is not formed yet, so that the development requirement of a novel power system is difficult to adapt. Comprising the following steps: based on energy form decoupling, carrying out modular decomposition and reconstruction on a wind and light storage dynamic model, decomposing the model into three links of energy conversion and control, energy buffering and energy output and control, and constructing a hierarchical integrated architecture; and based on the hierarchical integrated architecture, modular sub-models corresponding to the fan, the photovoltaic device and the energy storage device are constructed respectively, and dynamic combination is carried out to obtain a modeling result. According to the method, the problems in the prior art are solved, the model reuse rate and flexibility are improved, and the model simulation precision and efficiency are improved.
Owner:SHANDONG UNIV

Intelligent auxiliary system and method for enterprise financial reimbursement based on artificial intelligence technology

The invention provides an enterprise financial reimbursement auxiliary system and method based on an artificial intelligence technology. The system comprises a user operation interface, an administrator operation interface, a standard system database, a large language model, a financial knowledge question and answer module, a receipt uploading and recognition module, a paper report generation module, an online form filling guide module and the like. Through an innovative financial knowledge enhanced contrast learning framework and an intelligent question and answer and verification mechanism, the accuracy of the large language model in the financial field is remarkably improved. The efficiency and accuracy of reimbursement processing are improved, and a sustainable, optimized and highly intelligent financial management solution is provided for enterprises.
Owner:SINOPEC OILFIELD SERVICE CORPORATION +1

Intelligent water transportation standard system construction method based on four-dimensional level model

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent water transportation information, in particular to an intelligent water transportation standard system construction method based on a four-dimensional level model. The method comprises the following steps: learning decision weights of different development value orientations according to idea features and execution features of a case, and determining a target development value of an actual water transportation service at a value dimension level; a spatial semantic tree is constructed by adopting a semantic layering mode, and traversal of the tree is driven by a target development value, so that matching of key element-scene requirements under a spatial dimension is realized. The method comprises the following steps of: partitioning a whole-cycle flow of a service, and performing time-dimension sequence pattern analysis on standard events at each stage to obtain corresponding time sequence construction requirements; and carrying out analysis and decision-making on operation paths among different elements from a logic dimension level to form a target implementation path and a support strategy. According to the method, a full-factor, full-period and full-scene intelligent water transportation standardization system can be constructed, and reliable multi-dimensional standard guidance is effectively provided for water transportation engineering construction.
Owner:CCCC FHDI ENG +1

Computation fusion data application method based on full life cycle quality assurance

The invention relates to a computing fusion data application method based on full life cycle quality assurance. The method comprises the steps of performing regularization integration on computerization original data of a computing power network to obtain a computerization fusion initial data set; performing standard system processing on a space-time three-dimensional field in the computerized fusion initial data set to obtain a standardized data set; carrying out coupling representation learning on the computerization related data in the standardized data set to obtain a computerization coupling portrait set; performing collaborative optimization arrangement on the computing power network according to the standardized data set and the computing coupling portrait set to obtain regulation and control and transaction integrated plan information; and performing instruction conversion on the strategy elements of the regulation and transaction integrated plan information to obtain a multi-scale execution instruction set. The method can ensure that the utilization degree of the computerization fusion data is difficult to load the current power grid requirement.
Owner:STATE GRID GRID GANSU ELECTRIC POWER CO QINGYANG POWER SUPPLY CO

Hardware enforcement of boundaries on the control, space, time, modularity, reference, initialization, and mutability aspects of software

Modifications to existing computer hardware, compiler changes or source-to-source transforms performed during the software build process, and a collection of libraries and modifications to existing standard system software and libraries. The invention allows a program author to enforce various kinds of locality of causality in software to provide enforcement of boundaries for the following aspects of a computer program: control, space, time, modularity, reference, initialization, and mutability. Where these properties do not suffice to guarantee a property at static time, dynamic checks may be added and the constraints on control flow prevent such dynamic checks from being avoided by the program.
Owner:WHOLE SKY TECH CO

Aerial robotic systems

Systems and methods for performing a task in an aerial work environment by a robot system are described herein. An aerial robot system may be provided at a boom tip of an aerial device for performing work on aerial power / telecommunication systems. The aerial robot system may comprise manipulators including one or more robot unit manipulators and one or more auxiliary arms provided in a side-by-side configuration. The side-by-side configuration reduces a vertical profile of the aerial robot system over standard systems providing methods for accessing all points on standard aerial work environments. Furthermore, the aerial robot system may be configured to provide all necessary tools and replacements parts as well as storage for removal of parts in the aerial work environment. Aerial tasks may be performed by an operator, autonomously, or a combination of manual and autonomous.
Owner:ALTEC INDS

Bandwidth adjusting method, device, equipment, medium and product

The invention relates to the technical field of network transmission, and discloses a bandwidth adjustment method and device, equipment, a medium and a product. The method is applied to a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard system, and comprises the following steps: acquiring a real-time data volume of a target port in a target link; determining a target channel number corresponding to the target port according to the real-time data volume of the target port; if the target channel number of the target port is different from the enabling channel number, generating a channel adjustment instruction according to the target channel number and the enabling channel number; and issuing a channel adjustment instruction to the target port to adjust the number of enabled channels of the target port. According to the invention, the delay in the link bandwidth switching process can be reduced.
Owner:WUXI STARS MICRO SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD

Urban lifeline safe operation monitoring standard system construction method, system and device

The invention discloses an urban lifeline safe operation monitoring standard system construction method, system and device, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: building a standard system framework with an industry field, a business category and a standard category as coordinate axes; and obtaining a standard literature conforming to the standard system framework, and storing the standard literature to a corresponding storage position of the standard system framework according to the keyword of the standard literature. And in response to an input instruction of a user, performing retrieval in the standard system framework according to a keyword of the input instruction, and if candidate literatures matched with the keyword exist in the stored standard literatures, outputting a retrieval result containing the candidate literatures so as to more comprehensively store and retrieve the standard literatures.
Owner:HEFEI INST FOR PUBLIC SAFETY RES TSINGHUA UNIV +1

Standardized system intelligent processing and dynamic optimization method based on artificial intelligence

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent nursing, in particular to a standardized system intelligent processing and dynamic optimization method based on artificial intelligence, which establishes a complete nursing operation standard system by constructing a standardized nursing rule database containing physiological feature parameters of different age groups of infants and old people. Key physiological parameters of a user are continuously monitored by using integrated sensor equipment, real-time state recognition and classification are performed through an artificial intelligence analysis unit, a recognition result is intelligently matched with a standardization rule, and a personalized nursing scheme is generated based on a dynamic optimization algorithm. And finally, closed-loop management of nursing operation is realized through the equipment control instruction and the nursing notification. According to the invention, standardized nursing regulations and personalized demands are combined, dynamic optimization of a nursing scheme is realized through multi-factor comprehensive analysis, a nursing strategy is automatically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data, individual differences and environmental factors are fully considered, and nursing accuracy and adaptability are effectively improved.
Owner:BEIJING XINGGUO GLOBAL CERTIFICATION CO LTD

Hand control box (mobile)

ActiveCN309485326SControl engineeringMachine
1. The name of this design product: Hand control box (mobile). 2. Purpose of this design product: This design is used to perform standard system control on the testing machine. 3. The key point of the design of this product lies in its shape. 4. The picture or photo that best illustrates the design points: three-dimensional picture.
Owner:SHENZHEN WANCE TESTING MASCH CO LTD

An operating system containerization kernel compatibility method based on shadow structure mapping

The application discloses an operating system containerization kernel compatibility method based on shadow structure mapping, constructs a multi-dimensional mapping rule library by analyzing the difference between the data structure of a container system and a standard system, creates a shadow structure containing a data area, a metadata area and an extension area when the container system runs on a host system, allocates shadow memory space and a memory pool by the host system, establishes the mapping between the shadow structure and a physical memory page and the bidirectional mapping between the shadow structure and a host structure, intercepts the system call of a container application by the host system, obtains a target structure and allocates the shadow structure and the host structure memory, completes the conversion of the target structure to the host structure according to the multi-dimensional mapping rule library, completes the call by the host computer using the host structure, reversely converts the call result into the target structure and returns the call result to the container application, and realizes the seamless compatibility between the container system and the host system without modifying the user state program of the container system.
Owner:北京麟卓信息科技有限公司

An electronic material management service method, system, device and medium

This application relates to the technical field of material management, and in particular to an electronic material management service method, system, equipment and medium. This application first establishes a unified material classification standard system to ensure the consistency of material definitions among various departments; secondly, it builds a centralized electronic material library and publishes a shared catalog to achieve unified management of materials; then, it uses digital signature technology to convert and annotate materials in a trusted manner to ensure the authenticity of electronic materials; then, it provides standardized online declaration services to standardize the use of materials; finally, it verifies materials in the approval system to ensure that the entire process is controllable; it not only solves the problems of inconsistent material standards, repeated submissions, and difficulty in ensuring authenticity, but also organically combines standardized management, digital signatures, online services and other technologies to establish a complete electronic material management service system, significantly improving the efficiency of government services.
Owner:GUANGZHOU ZHONGZHI SOFTWARE DEV CO LTD

Similarity searching across digital standards

One embodiment provides a method for identifying similar objects by performing document attribute comparisons, the method including: providing a digital standard system that includes a user interface and a data store of digital standards; receiving a request for a similarity comparison; performing the similarity comparison; generating a document similarity score for each of the digital standards within a group of digital standards; and displaying at least one of the digital standards from the group based upon the document similarity score. Other aspects are described and claimed.
Owner:SAE INT

Intelligent evaluation method and system for standard system of power system based on data analysis

The invention discloses an intelligent evaluation method and system for a power system standard system based on data analysis, and relates to the technical field of voltage control. A power grid evaluation area is set, and an intelligent evaluation network is constructed based on the set power grid evaluation area; meanwhile, historical power data in a power grid evaluation area are collected based on the constructed intelligent evaluation network, the collected historical power data are processed in a data processing mode after collection is completed, and the processed historical power data are analyzed in a data analysis mode; and after the analysis is completed, comprehensive index extraction is performed on the analyzed historical power data, and a power data evaluation model and a power standard system are constructed through a comprehensive evaluation mode based on the extracted historical power data indexes, so that the reliability of power system standard system evaluation is improved.
Owner:STATE GRID LIAONING ECONOMIC TECHN INST

An ecological environment standard system knowledge graph construction method and system

PendingCN122388222AEcological environmentEnvironmental standard
This invention discloses a method and system for constructing a knowledge graph of an ecological and environmental standards system. The system includes a data acquisition unit, a data standardization processing unit, a logical relationship graph construction unit, and an ecological and environmental standards system knowledge graph construction unit. The data acquisition unit is communicatively connected to the data standardization processing unit, which is also communicatively connected to both the logical relationship graph construction unit and the ecological and environmental standards system knowledge graph construction unit. The logical relationship graph construction unit is also communicatively connected to the ecological and environmental standards system knowledge graph construction unit. This invention uses standards, legal provisions, and technical specifications as its framework, with technical indicators related to standards and specifications as extensions, and entity information related to ecological and environmental supervision as its leaves, to construct a logically clear, traceable, and dynamically updatable knowledge graph.
Owner:CHINESE RES ACAD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCI +1

Method for constructing uncertainty hybrid propagation model based on noise and non-ideal calibration

The invention discloses a noise and non-ideal calibration-based uncertainty hybrid propagation model construction method, which comprises the following steps of: determining two uncertainty sources of noise and a non-ideal calibration standard, namely the uncertainty of the noise and a self-defined value of the non-ideal calibration standard in a measurement system; determining an error model and a calibration method, measuring system noise according to a calibration standard required by the calibration method and spreading the system noise to a measurement value, and calculating uncertainty of a non-ideal calibration standard; jointly coupling the non-ideal calibration standard uncertainty and the measured value uncertainty caused by the noise to an error coefficient obtained by solving through an error model to obtain an error term; and re-coupling the synthetic uncertainty carried by the error term and the noise in the measurement of the to-be-measured device through an error model, and jointly transmitting to a final calibrated scattering parameter result.
Owner:NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METROLOGY CHINA +1

A power data management method, system and device based on a digital twin architecture

The application provides a power data management method, system and device based on a digital twin architecture, the method comprising: constructing a digital twin system suitable for a power system network structure based on the digital twin architecture according to the requirements of system computing resources, storage resources and network resources under different power grid scales; setting data access standards suitable for power grid business requirements for the digital twin system according to a data acquisition, transmission and storage standard system and technical requirements of a power grid enterprise; obtaining digital twin system data by using the data access standards, and processing the digital twin system data by using a data processing tool to realize relationship mapping and logical binding of models and structured data. The application uses digital twin technology to improve the enhanced perception, enhanced cognition and enhanced decision-making capabilities of a new power system, and solves the common demand problem of comprehensive acquisition, real-time simulation calculation and intelligent optimization collaboration of the new power system.
Owner:STATE GRID JIBEI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY LIMITED CHENGDE POWER SUPPLY

Data standard system construction method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment

The present application discloses a method and device for constructing a data standard system, a storage medium and an electronic device, which can be applied to the financial field or other fields. The method includes: determining multiple business systems that have been constructed, and collecting metadata for each business system to obtain a set of data items. Determine the first standard element information corresponding to each data item in the data item set; perform ambiguity elimination processing on the first standard element information corresponding to each data item to obtain the second standard element information corresponding to each data item; perform deduplication processing on the data item set based on each second standard element information to obtain a processed data item set; determine multiple data standards based on the second standard element information corresponding to each data item in the processed data item set to construct a data standard system. By applying the method of the present application, data standards can be established based on the metadata of a large number of business systems, and the resulting data standard system has a wide coverage and good management capabilities.
Owner:BANK OF CHINA

Standard portrait generation method and system in unmanned driving and electrified traffic field

The invention relates to a standard portrait generation method and system in the unmanned driving and electrified traffic field, and the method comprises the steps: collecting and preprocessing standard texts from different sources in the unmanned driving and electrified traffic field, and obtaining a standard text set; obtaining a standard semantic topic cluster according to the standard text set; regarding the standard semantic topic cluster as a topic, and constructing a topic keyword set according to importance scores of different topic words in the same topic to obtain initial topic distribution; embedding the topic label set into a probability generation model, and estimating posterior distribution between the topic and the topic keyword and posterior distribution between the standard text and the topic according to a counting matrix obtained by sampling when the probability generation model converges; and constructing a standard portrait according to the posterior distribution. Compared with the prior art, the method achieves the efficient and automatic processing of the standard text in the unmanned driving and electrified traffic field, and improves the scientificity and accuracy of the judgment of the evolution trend and optimization direction of a standard system.
Owner:STATE GRID SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER CO +2