The application discloses a primary suspension
system and a railway vehicle, which comprises a framework, an axle box body arranged on the inner side of a side beam of the framework, a rubber node
assembly connected between the top of the axle box body and the framework, used for providing longitudinal and transverse positioning stiffness and releasing
vertical stiffness, two steel spring assemblies connected between the top of the axle box body and the framework, and the two steel spring assemblies are respectively arranged on the two sides of the rubber node
assembly along the longitudinal direction, used for providing
vertical stiffness, and a positioning pull rod connected between the bottom of the axle box body and the framework, used for providing longitudinal stiffness and releasing
vertical stiffness and
transverse stiffness. The vertical stiffness, the
transverse stiffness and the longitudinal stiffness are decoupled, the stiffness in the vertical direction, the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is respectively realized independently, the primary suspension
system has sufficient wheelset axle box positioning stiffness and small vertical stiffness, the
critical speed and the ride comfort of the vehicle are ensured, and the high-speed stability and the smoothness requirement of the vehicle are met.