The invention discloses an intelligent electric phase separation device of an alternating current electrified railway. The intelligent electric phase separation device is composed of a first switch, an impedor connected with the first switch in parallel, a second switch, an impedor connected with the second switch in parallel, a sensor for detecting the current and voltage of the first switch, a sensor for detecting the current and voltage of the second switch and the like, wherein the first switch is connected with a first electric supply arm and a phase separation area, and the second switch is connected with a second electric supply arm and the phase separation area. According to the device, the train pantograph position can be automatically recognized through the voltage information at the two ends of the first and second switches and the current information flowing through the first and second switches, and the first and second switches are automatically turned on or off according to the recognized pantograph position, so that the phase separation area obtains or cuts off electric energy of the electric supply arms. The circuit structures of the switches and the impedors connected with the switches parallel can be replaced with the circuit structures of linked switches at the two ends of a step-down transformer and a low-voltage winding thereof. According to the device, no train position detection mechanism needs to be installed on a track, the structure is simple, and use and maintenance are convenient.