794 results about "Rock burst" patented technology

A model testing method of deep rock burst includes carrying out true three shafts loading on rock burst simulation unit then applying unload at single surface, carrying out rock burst test on rock body when load is charged and discharged for realizing rock burst model test in laboratory.

The invention discloses a device and a method for a physical simulation test of the stability of a deep tunnel surrounding rock and relates to a rock-soil mechanic technology. A structure of the device is that a pressure plate is covered on a sample in a deep tunnel rock body model instrument, and a vertical pressure system is arranged on the pressure plate and used for loading so as to simulate and exert gravity stress. A miniature shield machine drills into the sample from a drilling surface, and the miniature shield machine, a stepless speed changing box and a motor are sequentially connected to achieve drilling. Eight optical fibers and six strain gauges are distributed in the sample, the optical fibers are connected with a distributed optical fiber monitoring system, and the distributed optical fiber monitoring system and the strain gauges are respectively connected with a data acquiring system so as to achieve detection and recording. By means of the device and the method for the physical simulation test of the stability of the deep tunnel surrounding rock, a development and change law of stress strain when a deep tunnel rock body is excavated in tunnel construction can reappear accurately, and a novel solving path for researching the stability of the grotto surrounding rock and forming mechanism of rock burst in the tunnel construction.

The invention discloses an assessment method for predicting underground rock burst danger of a coal mine, and belongs to assessment methods for predicting the rock burst danger. Danger levels of burst mine pressure include rock-burst-free danger level A, weak rock burst danger level B, medium rock burst danger level C and strong rock burst danger level D; and accordingly, corresponding preventive measures are formulated. Weight of affections, of geological factors and mining factors of mining areas, on the rock burst is analyzed synthetically; danger indexes of the geological factors and the mining factors are calculated respectively, and the maximum value of the danger indexes is taken as a final composite index of the rock burst danger; and accordingly, danger levels, states and preventive measures of the rock burst of the mining areas are determined. The geological factors analyzed and assessed by a composite index method include rock burst occurrence history, mining depth and distance between a hard thick rock stratum in an overlying fissure zone and a coal bed; and the mining factors include pressure relief degree of a protective layer, horizontal distance between a working surface and a coal column remained from upper preventive layer mining, and relations between working surfaces and adjacent gobs.

The invention relates to a digging method for preventing a strong or strong rock burst on an active face. The technical problem to be solved is to provide an active face strong or strong rock burst prevention digging method capable of effectively reducing the rock burst frequency on the active face and reducing the destructiveness of the rock burst. The method comprises the following specific steps: a, carrying out the shothole arrangement and charging design according to a conventional slotting proposal; b, drilling tunneling shotholes and stress-relief shotholes on the slotted active face; c, charging the tunneling shotholes in a convention mode, and charging the stress-relief shotholes in the 32 mm hole bottom within a deep buried range from 2 to 3m; d, detonating the stress-relief shotholes and the tunneling shotholes in turn; and e, tapping slag, and repeating the steps till the digging is completed. The method is mainly applied to deep buried hard rock tunnel projects for traffic, mining, water conservancy and hydraulic power, and the like.

The invention discloses a mining telescopic energy adsorption anti-impact viscous damping anchor rod and a supporting method thereof. The mining telescopic energy adsorption anti-impact viscous damping anchor rod is formed by a pre-tightening nut, a tray, energy adsorption materials, an anchor rod body, a base plate and an avoidance buffering energy adsorbing device. The anchor rod body is composed of an anchor rod end and an anchor rod body, and the pre-tightening nut, the tray, the energy adsorbing materials and the base plate are arranged on the anchor rod end. The avoidance buttering energy adsorbing device is formed by arranging a lower sliding piston, a connecting rod piston and an upper sliding piston in a buffer hydraulic cylinder in sequence, wherein the lower sidling piston, the connecting rod piston and the upper sliding piston are respectively provided with 3-4 damping holes, the damping holes of adjacent pistons are not on the identical straight line, sealing rings are arranged on the circumferential face of the upper sliding piston and the circumferential face of the lower sliding piston, and the connecting rod of the connecting rod piston penetrates through the upper sliding piston and the upper face of the buffer hydraulic cylinder and then is connected with the anchor body together. The mining telescopic energy adsorption anti-impact viscous damping anchor rod can maintain constant resistance in the process of resisting rock burst, can retard impact loads, reduce the damage to the surrounding rock in the anchoring range of the anchor rod by the impact energy, and perform the function of further stabilization to the roof surrounding rock.

The invention discloses a method for extracting gas from a separation layer below an overlying strata, draining water and grouting through a combined drill hole and belongs to a mine disaster prevention method. The method for extracting gas from the separation layer below the overlying strata, draining water and grouting through the combined drill hole includes that installing a drill site at a transportation roadway of a preparatory work face adjacent to a coalface, constructing the combined drill hole in the part about to generate the separation layer below the overlying strata above the gob of the coalface in a mode of keeping away from a caving zone, wherein the combined drill hole is composed of an inside gas extraction pipe and a water draining-grouting pipe; after the separation layer is generated, preventing the mine disaster according to the stages that firstly, draining water from the separation layer through the combined drill hole; secondly, after the gas is gathered in the separation layer after the water in the separation layer is emptied, using the primary combined drill hole to extract the gas from the separation layer; finally, after the water and gas are completely drained and extracted from the separation layer, filling cement paste to the separation layer through the primary combined drill hole. The method for extracting gas from the separation layer below the overlying strata, draining water and grouting through the combined drill hole is capable of solving the mine disasters of water bursting in mine, gas outburst (gas emission), rock burst, surface subsidence and the like through the combined drill hole, the separation layer water and gas extraction rate is high, and the grouting effect is good.

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a method for forecasting rock burst. A method for comprehensively forecasting the approximately horizontal stratum rock burst in high geostress regions comprises the following steps of: A, conducting a rock mechanics test, and preliminarily estimating the rock burst intensity of a project region; B, measuring the three-dimensional geostress of the project region, and then estimating the rock burst intensity of the project region; C, synthesizing geologic sketches, engineering geophysical exploration, advance borehole and other results, building the three-dimensional numeric calculation model of the project region, combining steps A and B, and preliminarily realizing the macroscopic subregional forecasts of rock burst in the project region; and E, comprehensively evaluating, and forecasting the parts of the project region where rock burst is likely to occur and the intensity of the rock burst. The method is based on rock mechanics tests, site geological conditions and computer simulation to carry out multi-factor comprehensive forecast on the underground rock burst at the deep approximately horizontal stratum region; and practical applications show that the method has the characteristics of scientific principle and accurate forecasting.

The invention relates to a miniature TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavation system for tunnel excavation in a physical simulation test and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The system comprises a cutter head, a protective shield, a gripper, a transmission shaft, a pulling jack, a guide rail, a motor, a base and the like; one end of the pulling jack is fixed to a support rack; a piston at the other end of the pulling jack is used for pulling the base and the motor to move forwards or backwards together; the motor is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate to push the cutter head to move forwards to cut tunnel face rock mass; jacks on two sides of the gripper can push gripper arms to exert specified pressure to wall rock. The system can accurately simulate the rock breaking process of the cutter head, takes the interaction between the wall rock and the gripper, the interaction between the tunnel face and cutter head and the interaction between the wall rock and the protective shield into consideration, can be applied for simulating a shield TBM to excavate a soft rock tunnel, a subway or the like in a common geomechnical model test and can also be applied for simulating excavation of a TBM for a deep-lying hard rock tunnel to study the relationship between rock-machine interaction and rock burst.

The invention discloses a true triaxial test method for simulating shearing type rock burst. In the method, a true triaxial loading path and boundary condition characterized in that a single surface is free and five surfaces are stressed is adopted, a test piece with a large size is adopted, a certain three-dimensional load is applied, a loading rate of one direction is controlled, and a cuboid rock sample of which the single side is free under a three-dimensional compression stress state is used for simulating a special mechanical behavior of a field surrounding rock representativeness rock unit in a tangential stress centralization process. When the method is adopted, an inoculation and generation overall process of the shearing type rock burst can reappear in a laboratory, the problem that a traditional indoor test method cannot reasonably simulate the shearing type rock burst under a complex stress condition is solved, and the true triaxial test method has important practical significance and academic value for the mechanism and prediction studies of the type of rock burst.

The invention relates to a rock burst prevention method for deep tunnel excavation by adopting a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), aiming to solve the technical problem on lowering or eliminating the rock burst danger of the TBM in a strong-rock-burst tunnel section in an excavation process, improving the equipment utilization rate of the TBM and accelerating a construction schedule by means of pretreating a wall rock for the TBM to excavate. The rock burst prevention method for the deep tunnel excavation by adopting the TBM adopts the technical scheme comprising the following steps of: (a) excavating a pilot tunnel with the size smaller than the excavation contour line of the TBM in the strong-rock-burst tunnel section through which the TBM needs to pass for excavation by adopting a drilling and blasting method and monitoring microseisms before the TBM enters the potential strong-rock-burst tunnel section; and (b) releasing the stress of a strong-rock-burst part in the excavation process of the pilot tunnel and a part with potential rock-burst danger shown by microseismic monitoring. The invention is mainly used for deep hydraulic tunnels and deep traffic tunnels with high rock burst danger.

The invention relates to a detection method for the coal mine rock burst. The detection method specifically comprises the steps of coal mine rock burst early warning detection, coal mine rock burst danger area classification and coal mine rock burst division. A mine vibration detector and a micro-earthquake detection system are installed in a mine in advance to carry out early warning detection on the rock burst in the coal mine; then through coal mine rock burst danger area classification, danger areas can be accurately detected; finally coal mine rock burst division is carried out, and therefore energy-gathered rock stratums in mining areas can be cut, energy can be fully released in the explosion process, and the mining safety can be improved. According to the invention, early warning, detection and division and danger treatment are carried out on the coal mine rock burst, and therefore coal mining is more accurate and safer.

The invention relates to a stress removal blasting method. The technical problems in the invention to be solved is to provide a stress removal blasting method which is suitable under the conditions of extremely strong rock burst and strong rock burst. The method can effectively reduce or eliminate the energy level of the stress concentration regions in rock body, to solve construction security problem caused by rock burst during tunneling deep-lying tunnel (tunnel, roadway) and ensure the tunneling progress. The stress removal blasting method includes the following steps: a. a blast hole is drilled on the tunnel face, and the aperture of the blast hole is consistent with the excavating blast hole; b. the blast hole is charged; c. the initiation is followed by charging. The invention can be applied in various projects, such as underground projects (such as water conservancy and hydropower project, traffics, mines, etc.) and excavation project (such as deep-lying tunnel).

The invention discloses a comprehensive index evaluating method for rock burst. The method comprises the following steps of evaluating weights to rock burst by geological and mining factors in a mining area through comprehensive analysis; respectively calculating danger indexes of the weights, and taking the maximum value as the final danger comprehensive index for rock burst; and thus determining the danger class, state and preventing policy for rock burst in the mining area. The comprehensive index evaluating method for rock burst disclosed by the invention is an advanced evaluating and predicting method which is simple and easy to operate and use. The danger level and class for rock burst can be determined by just analyzing the geological and mining factors in the mining area, and then, related monitoring and preventing preparation for rock burst can be made in advance according to the predetermined preventing policy, so that the safety level of mine production is enhanced.

The invention relates to a rock sample fixture for a power disturbance type true triaxial rock burst test. A strain gage slot used for containing a strain gage is formed on a contact surface of a left pressing plate of a fixture and a rock sample; a strain gage line through hole is formed in the strain gage slot; a horizontal disturbance rod mounting through hole is formed on the contact surface of a right pressing plate and the rock sample; a horizontal disturbance rod is mounted in the horizontal disturbance rod mounting through hole; a vertical disturbance rod mounting through hole is formed in a top pressing plate; a vertical disturbance rod is mounted in the vertical disturbance rod mounting through hole; the top pressing plate, a bottom pressing plate, a left pressing plate, a right pressing plate and a rear pressing plate are mounted on the top surface, bottom surface, left side, right side and rear side of the rock sample and are connected and assembled into a single-surface overhead frame through common bolts and U-shaped head bolts in the threaded holes. A true triaxial pressure pushing head is utilized to transfer uniform surface pressure to five surfaces along three directions of a cubic rock sample through the fixture, so as to simulate the pressed stress states of single-surface overhead three-direction five surfaces of a surrounding rock unit on a rear hole wall after an underground cavity is dug.

The invention particularly provides a coal mine downhole country rock slight shock detection method, and solves the problem that no method for monitoring slight shock under the geological conditions of a hard top bottom plate and a hard coal bed exists. The coal mine downhole country rock slight shock detection method includes steps as follows: erecting equipment used for monitoring, collecting data, summarizing, analyzing and monitoring in real time, analyzing abnormal parameter conditions, and early warning possible rock burst times and positions. The method not only can solve the difficulty in rock bursts during coal mining and ensure the success and safe process of mining, but also has positive and effective directive function in the rock burst prevention work during the mining process in future.

The invention discloses a coal mine rock burst united monitoring and early warning system and a monitoring and early warning method thereof. An electromagnetic radiation monitor, a rock noise monitor and a microquake monitor are arranged on monitoring points of a coal mine excavation roadway or a transportation roadway of a coal mining working face, an air return way of the coal mining working face and monitoring points of the coal mining working face, a control receiver is arranged on a mining roadway, a ground monitoring system station is installed on the ground, the electromagnetic radiation monitor, the rock noise monitor and the microquake monitor are all connected with the control receiver, and the control receiver is connected with the ground monitoring system station. Three kinds of monitoring are integrated and interact and supplement in the monitoring process, systematic advantages are used for conducting system analysis on the monitoring result, the high-quality monitoring and early warning effect is guaranteed, the precise and scientific monitoring and early warning method is provided, and coal mine safety production is protected against damage of rock burst.

The invention discloses a micro-seismic multi-parameter early warning method for rock burst. The micro-seismic multi-parameter early warning method for the rock burst comprises the steps that a micro-seismic monitoring system is installed in a mine; the micro-seismic energy and the micro-seismic frequency are measured by means of the micro-seismic monitoring system in the mine, the total area A(t) of a fault, the quake absence b value and the Z-MAP value are calculated, and the four microquake signals are recorded; the obtained data are analyzed, and four evolution charts, namely the energy and frequency time sequence chart, the fault total area evolution chart, the quake absence b value evolution chart and the Z-MAP evolution value chart, are drawn; whether the situation that the mine earthquake frequency is reduced and the energy is increased, the situation that the fault total area value is abnormally high, the situation that the quake absence b value is abnormally low and the situation that the absolute value of Z is larger than two apprear in the same period of time is analyzed according to the drawn evolution charts, and if two to four of the four situations appear in the same period of time, it is judged that the situation of rock burst can occur. The micro-seismic multi-parameter early warning method for the rock burst has the advantage that the accuracy of early warning of rock burst is improved.

The invention relates to a construction method for controlling rock pillar type rock burst in the process of double-head tunneling deep-buried tunnel transfixion, aiming to providing a construction method for controlling rock pillar type rock burst in the process of double-head tunneling deep-buried tunnel transfixion to pretreat surrounding rocks, eliminate risks of the rock pillar type rock burst and ensure the construction safety and progress. Based on the technical scheme for solving the problem, the construction method for controlling the rock pillar type rock burst in the process of double-head tunneling deep-buried tunnel transfixion comprises the following steps of: firstly, changing double-head tunneling into single-head tunneling; secondly, conventional tunneling blasting with the tunneling blasting footage of 1.8-2m/blasting cycle; thirdly, stress relief blasting; fourthly, discharging slag, finishing support to carry out next conventional tunneling blasting and stress relief blasting until transfixing a whole rock pillar. The invention is mainly used for double-head tunneling a deep-buried traffic tunnel and a deep-buried hydraulic tunnel.

The invention provides a holographic early warning method of a mine dynamic disaster. A modal parameter set directly influencing occurrence of the mine dynamic disaster is used as an input variable set, the probability of occurrence of rock burst and the probability of occurrence of coal and gas outburst are used as output variables, and an artificial neural network model is built; samples are added to a learning sample database, and a holographic modal early warning device of the mine dynamic disaster is obtained; when early warning is conducted on any area of a mine, relevant information obtained in a mine experimental test and safe production is converted into input parameters of an early warning model by means of a holographic data mining converter, and then an early warning result isgiven by means of the holographic modal early warning device. By means of the holographic early warning method, holographic modal online prediction and early warning of the mine dynamic disaster can be achieved, and the system can achieve early warning separately based on the probability of occurrence of the rock burst accident and the probability of occurrence of the coal and gas outburst accident.

The invention relates to a method for determining loosening blasting danger-relieving range of coal beds with rock burst, the method including: (1) theoretical calculation: calculating the specific drilling diameter and the fracture zone diameter on the condition of specific explosive parameters in accordance with site information and experience formulas, primarily determining the radius r of blasting pressure relief; (2) numerical simulation: simulating the drilling diameter and the fracture zone diameter on the condition of explosive parameters, which are identical to those in the theoretical calculation, by LS-DYNA dynamic simulation software and studying the influence of the blasting of the two drilling holes on the fracture zone and the distribution radius r; (3) on-site ultra-sonic test of the blasting fracture zone and verification.

The invention discloses an actual-measurement comprehensive evaluation method for impact risk and belongs to the technical field of rock burst disaster prevention and control. During a stress-relieving and danger-demolition process, the impact risk evaluation for items is performed, namely, the actual measured impact risks of drilling detection, electromagnetic radiation monitoring, micro-seismic monitoring, stress monitoring, drilling hole stress-relieving and local dynamic effect are evaluated, and the item with the most serious risk level is taken as a comprehensive impact risk evaluation result. According to the invention, after the sub-item actual-measurement impact risk and the comprehensive impact risk are judged, the parameters of the monitoring and early warning and the stress-relieving and danger-demolition can be adjusted, so that a rock burst controlling measure is more practical and efficient, the rock burst controlling measure is targeted and the impact risk in the impact risk area is really reduced to the lowest; the effect evaluation can be performed on the pre-assessment for the impact risk implemented at an earlier stage; the pre-assessment method can be revised; the reliability of the pre-assessment is enhanced; a guiding function for making the rock burst controlling measure at the earlier stage is achieved.

The invention discloses a risk assessment method for rock burst in a mining area. The risk assessment method comprises the following steps of S001 collecting geological data of the mining area; S002 determining the rock burst danger level and the rock burst danger index range in advance; S003 determining coal seam mining influence factor parameters, weights and evaluation index value ranges of therock burst; S004 calculating the total rock burst risk comprehensive index Y of the influence factors on the rock burst risk; and S005 comparing the total Y with the rock burst danger index range inthe step S002, and determining the rock burst danger level corresponding to the total Y according to the comparison result. According to the risk assessment method for the rock burst of the mining area, the rock burst risk of each mine and each area of the mining area can be effectively assessed, and the rock burst risk grades of different areas can be distinguished.

The invention relates to a united method for tunnelling a super-strong or strong rock burst hole section of a TBM construction tunnel by sufficiently utilizing the flexibility of the construction control measures of the drilling and blasting method and the advantages of TBM rapid tunneling,, aiming at overcoming the limitation that the traditional TBM tunneling method cannot be used for dealing with super-strong or strong rock burst. The united method is characterized by comprising the steps of designing an excavated section by an upper guide hole drilling and blasting method, excavating the section by the upper guide hole drilling and blasting method, supporting by surrounding rocks, and TBM whole section tunneling and supporting. The united method solves the problem that the traditional construction excavation technology cannot be used for effectively pretreating super-strong or strong rock burst risk in the process of high-stress tunnel TBM tunneling, guarantees the safety of TBM equipment and construction staff, ensures the tunneling speed of TBM, and has strong economical benefit and social benefit. The invention is suitable for the TBM excavation construction of high-stress tunnels, such as various water conservancy and hydropower tunnels, traffic tunnels, and the like.

The invention relates to a safe and rapid process for very strong rock outburst, when a very strong rock outburst is forecast, an advancing release hole and an advancing bolt are made near the place where rock outburst happens easily, then a blast hole is drilled, a stress relief blast hole is made on the tunnel face, gunpowder is charged in the blast hole and the stress relief blast hole, then followed with the steps of connecting network, disposing spoil, cleaning top, constructor avoidance, building water swelling bolt, supporting reinforcing steel bar arch rib and netting, and doing sprayed concrete enclosed work for the wall rock. The method provided by the invention can prevent the induction of the second rock outburst or collapse, which reduces the probability of threaten to the operating persons and construction equipment when the rock outburst happens, in order to secure the construction safety; can control the forming around the tunnel, which reduces unnecessary spraying and protecting workload; the water swelling bolt not only can be installed quickly, but also has the functions of reinforcing wall rock and fixing reinforcing steel bar arch rib, the heavy layer sprayed concrete replaces the quadratic lining cement, which saves a large mount of time.