Disclosed is a method for quickly analysing train energy distribution, comprising the steps of: using HYPERMESH software to establish a train body rigidity model, a coupling buffer apparatus model, and a wheel and rail model, wherein the wheel and rail model comprises train body weight information, the degree of freedom state of the train body material, model unit information, standing and braking information, and moving wheel and rail information; applying the dead weight of the train, including the gravitational acceleration of the moving train and the stationary train; establishing contact relationships, including contact inside the moving train, contact inside the stationary train, contact between the moving train and the stationary train, and contact between wheels and rail; defining an initial impact speed of the moving train; defining output information; outputting a calculation file and submitting same to an LS-DYNA platform for calculation; reading the calculation result information and performing analysis and judgment according to the calculation result, and then, if design requirements are met, terminating the analysis and otherwise, returning to modify design parameters for re-calculations. The present invention can quickly achieve an energy distribution analysis, as a model is established within 8 hours and one calculation cycle is completed in 10 minutes.