The invention relates to a compressed sensing PIE system based on space-frequency coding. In a transmitter, a channel encoder, a modulator, an orthogonal converter, a symbol interleaver, a serial-to-parallel converter and a space-frequency encoder are successively connected in series, the space-frequency encoder is connected with two subcarrier mapping devices of the same structure, and each subcarrier mapping device is successively connected with an up sampler, a reverse discrete Fourier transformer, a cyclic prefix adder, a parallel-to-serial converter, a D/A conversion and RF emitter and an emission antenna. A receiver comprises a reception antenna, an RF front-end converter, an A/D converter, a Doppler frequency offset estimator, a Doppler frequency offset compensator, a cyclic prefix remover, a discrete Fourier transformer, a compressed sensing interference eliminator, a frequency-domain down sampler, a channel estimator, a space-frequency decoder, a symbolic solution interleaver, a reverse orthogonal converter and a channel decoder successively in serial connection. The compressed sensing algorithm can be directly utilized to reconstruct pulse signals of a range finder and converts the pulse signals to the frequency domain for elimination, and thus, the pulse signals of the range finder are effectively inhibited.