252results about "Mineral mining" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining, and discloses an extrusion rotary type deep-sea multi-metal nodule low-disturbance collecting device which comprises a set of skid mechanisms formed by all-terrain skid plates arranged side by side, all-terrain skid plates are connected with direction skid through steering pull rods, each skid mechanism is provided with a grating storage cabin, and the grating storage cabins are connected with the all-terrain skid plates through steering pull rods. The inlet end of each grid storage bin is connected with a grid pressing shovel installed on the skid mechanism through a rotary collecting head. According to the invention, the all-terrain skid plates are used as walking mechanisms, so that low-disturbance advancing can be realized on one hand when the multi-metal nodules are collected by walking, and on the other hand, the advancing direction and operation attitude can be adjusted in real time by the cooperation of the multiple groups of all-terrain skid plates, so as to meet different collection requirements of the multi-metal nodules; meanwhile, a combined structure of the grating pressing shovel, the rotary collection head and the grating storage cabin is taken as a core, so that the multi-metal nodule in a buried or semi-buried state can be shoveled up in a low-disturbance manner, and environment-friendly collection is realized.

The invention provides a deep-sea rare earth deposit mine collecting car and an operation method thereof. According to the method, a double-S-shaped reciprocating collection path is planned through an intelligent controller on the basis of a mining vehicle carrying a multi-stage collection device and aiming at the characteristic that deep sea rare earth is enriched in a sheet and multi-layer mode. According to the difference between the depth and compactness of the sediments, three stages of cutter suction units are adopted for layered collection: the first stage is used for 0-2m surface soft sediments, and the rotating speed of a reamer is 200-400r / min; the second stage is used for 2-4m middle-layer compact sediments, and the rotating speed is 350-600r / min; the third stage is used for 4-10m deep high-strength sediment, and the rotating speed is 500-700r / min. The terrain, posture and pressure are monitored in real time during operation, the posture, speed and obstacle avoidance of the vehicle body are automatically adjusted, and stable collection is achieved. The method has the advantages of accurate layering, comprehensive coverage, small environmental disturbance and high reliability, and is suitable for efficient, safe and environment-friendly collection of deep sea rare earth deposits.

The invention discloses a global cost optimization method based on deep-sea mining operation system safety. The method comprises the following steps: determining design parameters of each system based on global cost optimization and a coupling relationship between the systems; materials are selected based on light load-stability, a self-cleaning nozzle is carried, and a crawler walking system is optimized; a two-way hydraulic-pneumatic energy conversion mechanism is used for optimizing a buoyancy compensation system; a hybrid power efficiency optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize a water surface support system based on a safety burden mitigation technology; a planetary gear is used for amplifying torque, and an electrolyzed water trigger type release mechanism is adopted in the laying and recycling process, so that a laying and recycling system is optimized; based on the principle of low energy consumption, a three-axis IMU data fusion technology is applied, and a three-degree-of-freedom active-passive combined heave compensation system is optimized; the method can effectively solve the problem of high cost of deep-sea mining, realizes safety, burden reduction, cost reduction and benefit increase of a deep-sea mining system, and optimizes the global cost of deep-sea mining operation.

The invention discloses a relay bin device capable of intelligently detecting and adjusting the mineral height and a deep-sea mining system.The relay bin device comprises a relay bin, a height adjusting unit, a detecting unit and a self-cleaning unit, the height adjusting unit comprises a shell assembly, an air bag assembly and a piston assembly, the shell assembly is arranged in the relay bin, and the air bag assembly is arranged in the relay bin; the air bag assembly is arranged in the shell assembly, a high-pressure air chamber is formed in the air bag assembly, the movable end of the piston assembly extends into the high-pressure air chamber and is in sealed sliding connection with the high-pressure air chamber, and the movable end of the piston assembly can move up and down in the axial direction of the relay bin by inflating and deflating the high-pressure air chamber so as to adjust the height of mineral particles; the detection unit comprises a high-pressure waterproof radar and a high-pressure waterproof ultrasonic sensor, and the high-pressure waterproof radar and the high-pressure waterproof ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the two sides of a discharging port of the relay bin respectively; the cleaning end of the self-cleaning unit faces the high-pressure waterproof ultrasonic sensor and is used for cleaning the high-pressure waterproof ultrasonic sensor regularly.

The invention relates to an airlift pump system for conveying solid particles in underwater mining. The airlift pump system comprises a material collecting system, a lifting system, a pneumatic regulation and control system, a recycling system and the like. The material collecting system collects solid particles and guides the solid particles to a lifting opening of the lifting system, the material collecting system comprises a material containing hopper, a material guiding groove, a material collecting table and the like, the lifting system lifts and separates the solid particles and a liquid mixture, and the lifting system comprises an inclined hole air lift pump and a lifting pipe; the pneumatic regulation and control system comprises an electromagnetic valve, a plurality of auxiliary gas injection chambers, an optical fiber strain sensor, a microwave concentration sensor and the like. The recovery system comprises a gas-liquid separator, an axial flow turbine generator, an energy storage device, a stock bin and the like. Pipeline vibration and ore pulp concentration are monitored in real time through the optical fiber strain sensor and the concentration sensor, a PLC control algorithm is combined, the conventional operation mode, the vibration suppression operation mode and the anti-blocking operation mode are automatically switched, and the safety and stability of the airlift pump are greatly improved. The micro axial flow turbine generator is additionally arranged at the exhaust end, and tail gas kinetic energy is converted into electric energy.

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater multi-stage cleaning and transporting integrated treatment systems for deep-sea polymetallic nodules, provides an underwater multi-stage cleaning and transporting integrated treatment system for deep-sea polymetallic nodules, and solves the problem that in the prior art, the loadable capacity of the polymetallic nodules is affected due to the fact that split type multi-stage equipment occupies too large space. The technical problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a ship needs to be cleaned, uniform treatment needs to be conducted on the ship due to the limitation of the treatment process, blockage is likely to be caused, invalid crushing treatment can occur, and the treatment efficiency is affected are solved, and the device comprises a machine body, a conveying device and a stock bin. The machine body is internally provided with a flushing area, a scrubbing area and a sewage area which are communicated with one another; the sewage area is located below the flushing area and the scrubbing area; a conveying belt used for conveying materials to the scrubbing area to be cleaned is arranged in the sewage area.

The invention discloses a seabed in-situ polymetallic nodule ore collecting device and method based on an air lifting strategy, the collecting device comprises an air lifting device, an ore conveying pipeline, a gas conveying pipeline, a telescopic hose and a hydraulic suction device with a flow guide cover, and lifting energy is provided through gas conveying; 360-degree large-range coverage is achieved through the telescopic hose, the hydraulic suction equipment collects the ore through negative pressure, raised dust is restrained through the flow guide cover, and finally the ore is carried by means of bubbles to ascend to complete conveying; according to the method, the technical problems of large marine environment disturbance, limited collection range and low improvement efficiency in a traditional collection method are solved, efficient, low-disturbance and large-range in-situ collection of the polymetallic nodule ore is realized, resource exploitation and ecological protection are considered, and the method has remarkable practical value and application prospect.

The invention discloses a deep sea polymetallic nodule automatic picking and storing system which comprises a grating type storage cabin, a plurality of collecting openings are formed in the bottom of the grating type storage cabin, grating type telescopic net bags are arranged in the collecting openings, a grating type baffle is arranged at the bottom of the grating type storage cabin, and the grating type telescopic net bags are in linkage with the grating type baffle; the grating type telescopic net bag extends out of the collecting opening and is inserted into the deep position of sea mud to pick up the polymetallic nodules, the grating type telescopic net bag lifts and transports the polymetallic nodules into the grating type storage cabin when returning, and picking and storage are completed synchronously. The grating type telescopic net bag extends out of the collecting opening in the bottom of the grating type storage cabin and is inserted into the deep sea mud to pick up the polymetallic nodule so as to reduce disturbance to the seabed, meanwhile, by means of a linkage mechanism of the grating type baffle and the grating type telescopic net bag, the grating type baffle opens the collecting opening when the grating type telescopic net bag returns, and therefore the collecting effect is improved. And the collection port is closed before the grid type telescopic net bag extends out, so that the collection and storage integration of the deep sea polymetallic nodule is realized.

The invention discloses a deep sea polymetallic nodule mining vehicle which comprises a structural frame. The crawler walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the structural frame and used for driving the deep sea polymetallic nodule mining vehicle to move in the preset direction, and the collecting mechanism is arranged on the front portion of the structural frame and used for collecting polymetallic nodules. The conveying and cleaning mechanism is used for directionally conveying the collected polymetallic nodules and separating and desliming the collected polymetallic nodules; the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the conveyed ores; the storage mechanism is arranged at the tail part of the structural frame and is used for storing the crushed ore; the plume restraining mechanism is used for effectively collecting and treating plume generated in the mining process of the deep-sea mining vehicle and impurities carried by manganese nodules; and the environment sensing mechanism is used for sensing the deep sea environment and controlling the crawler walking mechanism and the collecting mechanism. Collection, screening, cleaning and storage are integrated, the mining capacity is improved, and the problem that an existing mining vehicle is low in collection efficiency is solved.

The present application relates to the technical fields of deep-sea mining, and particularly relates to a closed deep-sea mineral lifting system, which comprises a sea platform, the sea platform having a first mineral-water separation device and a high-pressure water pump in communication with each other; a circulating pipeline, one end of the circulating pipeline being in communication with the high-pressure water pump, and the other end of the circulating pipeline being in communication with the first mineral-water separation device; a water inlet assembly, the water inlet assembly being in communication with the circulating pipeline; a relay platform, the relay platform being capable of being suspended in seawater, and the relay platform being provided with a storage bin; a water pumping assembly, the water pumping assembly being in communication with the storage bin, and the water pumping assembly being used for discharging seawater in the storage bin into the sea; a mining assembly, the mining assembly being in communication with the storage bin; and a feeding assembly, the feeding assembly being arranged between the storage bin and the circulating pipeline, and the feeding assembly being in communication with the circulating pipeline, and the feeding assembly being used for injecting mineral slurry in the storage bin into the circulating pipeline. The present application can realize efficient lifting of minerals, and reduce the influence on the marine ecology.

The invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining equipment, in particular to a deep-sea mining vehicle with a plume prevention and control treatment function, the deep-sea mining vehicle comprises a vehicle main body, a shielding assembly, a cyclone separation assembly and an enrichment backfilling assembly, a crawler belt is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle main body, and a crushing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the vehicle main body; the shielding assembly comprises a front shielding plate, a side shielding plate and a rear shielding plate, the front shielding plate is arranged at the crushing mechanism, the side shielding plate is arranged on one side of the crawler belt, and the rear shielding plate is arranged at the tail end of the vehicle body; the cyclone separation assembly comprises an overflow pump, a flow guide pipeline, a cyclone front conveying pipeline, a first-stage cyclone, an inter-cyclone conveying pipeline and a second-stage cyclone, the overflow pump generates negative pressure to adsorb plume shielded by the shielding assembly, and the plume is conveyed to the cyclone front conveying pipeline through the flow guide pipeline; then, the gas flows through the first-stage cyclone for primary cyclone separation, and then flows through the second-stage cyclone for secondary cyclone separation through the conveying pipeline between the cyclones after separation.

Crushing and feeding equipment and deep-sea mining and transport system [Solution] The crushing and feeding device of the present invention includes a main body and a hydraulic motor, the main body having at least one roller inside, the roller fitted onto a corresponding roller shaft, the roller shaft rotatably connected to the main body, at least three identical disc blades spaced equally apart in the axial direction of the roller, each disc blade having at least one cutting edge, plugs provided on both the front and rear vertical surfaces of the main body, the plugs fitting into the gap from the roller to the vertical surface of the main body, and the power output shaft of the hydraulic motor connected to the roller shaft. The deep-sea mining and conveying system of the present invention includes a relay station, a mixed-flow pump, a lifting pipe, and a mother ship, the relay station including a supply barrel, a supply pipe, and the crushing and feeding device connected in order from top to bottom, the lower opening of the supply pipe connected to the lifting pipe.

The invention discloses a deep sea polymetallic nodule dewatering and drying system which comprises a dewatering module and a drying module. The dehydration module is used for dehydrating free gap moisture of deep sea metal nodules, the dehydration module separates the free gap moisture from the metal nodules in a mechanical vibration and extrusion crushing mode, and residual seepage water of the metal nodules in the storage process is collected and discharged. The deep sea metal nodule integrated treatment process is integrated on the ship, offshore in-situ treatment is achieved, and economic benefits are improved. By combining multiple stages of dehydration equipment, the dehydration efficiency of free pore water of the metal nodule is improved. The dewatered metal nodule is heated and dried by waste heat of the smoke pipe of the ship main engine, capillary water and adsorbed water in the metal nodule are effectively evaporated, the water content of the metal nodule is reduced from 80% to about 10%, and meanwhile the ship energy recycling rate is increased.

The present invention discloses an alternating step-by-step deep-sea mining system and method based on a clean energy platform, which relates to the field of deep-sea mining technology. The platform includes a main hull, a mining system, an anchoring system, and an electric propulsion device. A workshop is provided in the middle of the main hull. The mining system includes several mining vehicles, which are placed in the workshop. The anchoring system includes a winch, an anchor cable compartment, an anchor cable, and an anchor head. Winches are provided at the four corners of the top of the main hull. An anchor cable compartment is provided below each winch. One end of the anchor cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is connected to the anchor head. The electric propulsion device is provided at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the main hull. Compared with traditional deep-sea mining platforms, the anchoring system and electric propulsion device proposed in the present invention can make the platform advance in an alternating step-by-step manner through the cooperation of the two, and has better wind and wave resistance capabilities, while saving energy.

This invention discloses a seabed coarse sand extraction device and method, including a sand extraction pipe and an auxiliary sand extraction assembly. The sand extraction pipe extends into the coarse sand layer. The auxiliary sand extraction assembly includes a pulling drive unit, a pull line, and a first cylinder extending along the sand extraction pipe. The pull line passes through the first cylinder and can reciprocate up and down under the action of the pulling drive unit. The inner cavity of the first cylinder is divided into a lower cavity and an upper cavity. A solid hammer is installed in the lower cavity, and a piston is slidably connected in the upper cavity. The piston can divide the upper cavity into an independent first chamber and a second chamber. Seawater can be discharged through an inlet pipe, the second chamber, and an outlet pipe. The pull line is fixedly connected to the piston, and the end of the pull line passes through a filling block and is fixedly connected downward to the solid hammer. This invention has a reasonable structure, can effectively improve extraction efficiency, and easily extract coarse sand, which is conducive to its widespread application.

The present application relates to the technical field of deep-sea resource development, and specifically relates to a deep-sea low-disturbance mining robot control system, comprising: an information perception module for acquiring and transmitting multi-source sensing data; a central control module for receiving and processing the multi-source sensing data to generate coordinated control instructions; a motion and attitude adjustment module for receiving the coordinated control instructions to drive a piston-type variable buoyancy tank and walking feet to execute actions, and to adjust the overall buoyancy, attitude and walking state of the robot; a collection and storage and transportation operation module for receiving the coordinated control instructions to drive a suction mechanical arm and a mineral storage and transportation box to execute actions, and to collect and transport minerals. The present application improves the walking stability and operation adaptability of the robot in complex terrain, effectively prevents subsidence and attitude instability, combines a sand filtering structure and dynamic buoyancy compensation, reduces disturbance to seabed sediments, reduces turbidity current diffusion, and has environmental friendliness, and can perform long-term, continuous and stable high-efficiency mining operations in deep sea.

The invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea mining, and discloses a deep-sea mining and carbon dioxide sequestration integrated system which comprises a floating platform provided with a low-temperature carbon dioxide gas storage tank and an ore storage box; the relay bin is used for storing substances; one end of the first conveying pipe is communicated with the low-temperature carbon dioxide storage tank, and the other end is communicated with the relay bin; one end of the second conveying pipe communicates with the ore storage box, and the other end communicates with the relay bin; the lifting pump is arranged on the second conveying pipe; the ore collecting device is used for collecting ore; one end of the conveying device communicates with the relay bin, the other end of the conveying device is detachably connected with the ore collecting device, and when the conveying device is connected with the ore collecting device, the conveying device is used for inputting the liquid carbon dioxide into the ore collecting device; and the carbon dioxide sealing and storing device communicates with the relay bin and is used for curing the carbon dioxide when the ore collecting device is connected with the conveying device. The system provided by the invention can meet various use requirements.

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea resource development, in particular to a magnetic type deep sea ore collecting device which comprises a rigid pressure-resistant main frame, mechanical legs, mechanical arms, an ore processing module, a communication module, a pushing module and a positioning module. A sealed pressure-resistant cabin is arranged in the rigid pressure-resistant main frame; the mechanical legs are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the rigid pressure-resistant main frame. The mechanical arm is installed on the front end face of the rigid pressure-resistant main frame. The ore processing module is arranged along the center line of the rigid pressure-resistant main frame; the communication module is connected with the water surface support mother ship through an armored cable; the pushing module comprises a plurality of horizontal propellers and a plurality of vertical propellers; the positioning module is installed on the upper side face of the rigid pressure-resistant main frame. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of good terrain adaptability, high collection integrity, small disturbance and reliable operation, and is suitable for selective collection operation of resources in a deep sea complex environment.

A vehicle (6) apparatus for removing material from the seabed is disclosed. The vehicle comprises a first propulsion unit (10) for moving the vehicle vertically and a second propulsion unit (12) for moving the vehicle horizontally. A collection unit (16) removes material from the seabed and a latching mechanism (42) is adapted to be coupled to the riser to allow transport of the removed material to a vessel above the water surface.

A dump valve arrangement (32) for use with a discharge riser (20) comprises: a settling chamber (66) configured to couple to a lower portion of the discharge riser, a dump valve (72) operable to permit or prevent the flow of medium from the discharge riser into the settling chamber; pressurising bypass line (38) operates as a compression input to the settling chamber to pressurise the settling chamber to reduce a pressure differential between the settling chamber and the lower portion of the discharge riser prior to opening the dump valve; a decompression output (76, 78) to reduce the pressure in the settling chamber after the dump valve has opened; and an outlet (70) for emptying the contents of the settling chamber once the pressure in the settling chamber has reduced sufficiently.

A transport vehicle (6) device for removing material from the seabed is disclosed. The transport vehicle includes a first propeller (10) for vertical movement of the transport vehicle and a second propeller (12) for horizontal movement of the transport vehicle. A collector unit (16) removes material from the seabed, and a locking mechanism (42) is adapted to connect to a riser so that the removed material can be transported to a vessel on the water surface.

The application discloses a caterpillar type ore collecting device capable of reducing adhesion of seabed silt, and belongs to the technical field of seabed mining. The caterpillar type ore collecting device comprises a vehicle frame, a water supply device and two caterpillar walking units. The water supply device comprises a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure hose. The caterpillar walking unit comprises synchronous pulleys, a synchronous belt and caterpillar chains. The synchronous pulleys are two in number and are connected by the synchronous belt. The caterpillar chains are arranged outside the synchronous belt. The caterpillar plates are provided with caterpillar tooth plates. The two side surfaces of the caterpillar tooth plates are provided with multiple rows of protruding portions. Each caterpillar plate is provided with a group of inter-tooth jet nozzles. The front end of the vehicle frame is provided with two groups of first jet nozzles which are symmetrically arranged. The front side of each caterpillar chain is provided with a group of second jet nozzles. The inter-tooth jet nozzles arranged on the caterpillar plates of the caterpillar chains can high-speed flush the silt on the caterpillar chains, reduce the adhesion of the silt on the caterpillar chains, avoid continuous accumulation of the silt on the caterpillar chains, keep the walking mobility, and solve the problems of slippage and subsidence.

The invention discloses a marine natural gas hydrate in-situ drilling and production robot which comprises a drilling group base body, the drilling group base body is of a cylindrical structure, the drilling group base body is sequentially connected with a large motor box and a data acquisition instrument box, the data acquisition instrument box is connected with a front small motor box, and a large motor is arranged in the large motor box and connected with a planetary gear assembly; the front small motor box is connected with a central shaft, the central shaft is sequentially sleeved with a front movement mechanism and a rear movement mechanism, the end part of the central shaft is connected with a rear small motor box, the front small motor box controls the front movement mechanism, the rear small motor box controls the rear movement mechanism, and the rear small motor box is connected with a post-processing container; a center pipe is arranged on the planetary gear assembly, a flow channel is arranged in the center of the center pipe, flow channel teeth are arranged on the periphery of the end of the center pipe, and a plurality of roller bits are arranged on the outer edge of the drill group base body towards the well bottom face. The problem that in the existing marine natural gas hydrate exploitation process, the integrity and stability of a shaft are damaged is solved.

The deep-sea mining system comprises a mining device, a mining ship, a transfer device and a transport ship, the mining device comprises a walking assembly, a crushing assembly, a spray head assembly and a collecting assembly, the crushing assembly, the spray head assembly and the collecting assembly are all arranged on the walking assembly, the walking assembly is used for walking in deep sea, and the collecting assembly is used for collecting the spray head assembly. The crushing assembly is used for crushing the seabed sediments, the spray head assembly is used for spraying the crushed seabed sediments so that the crushed seabed sediments can be flushed into the collecting assembly, the mining ship is used for collecting the seabed sediments, and the transferring device is connected with the collecting assembly and the mining ship. The transport ship is suitable for floating on the sea surface, the mining ship is matched with the transport ship, and the transport ship can move on the sea surface relative to the mining ship, so that the submarine sediments on the mining ship can be transported through the transport ship. The deep-sea mining system has the advantages of low cost, high mining efficiency and the like.

The invention discloses a multi-spiral synergistic coupling type mixer for deep-sea mining, and relates to the technical field of mixers, the multi-spiral synergistic coupling type mixer comprises: a housing having a feed inlet for feeding and a discharge outlet for discharging; the spiral cutting blade is rotationally arranged at the front part in the shell and is positioned at the feeding hole; the bionic tooth spiral sheet is rotationally arranged at the front part in the shell and is positioned at the feeding hole; and the bionic fin spiral sheet is connected to the end parts of the spiral cutting blade and the bionic tooth spiral sheet and is rotationally positioned at the rear part in the shell, so that the crushed materials are discharged through the discharge port. According to the invention, a three-spiral cooperative crushing structure with an equilateral triangle layout is adopted, the bionic tooth spiral sheets realize primary crushing through extrusion, the spiral cutting blades perform secondary fine crushing, and the graded crushing design ensures that minerals are fully crushed; and the retention time and the contact area of the materials in the cavity are increased through cooperative rotation of the three helixes, so that the crushed minerals are uniformly mixed with a conveying medium, and the subsequent separation and purification efficiency is improved.

A deep-sea mining vehicle for taking up mineral deposits from a seabed at great depth, the vehicle includes a support frame provided with means for moving the vehicle forward on the seabed, with at least one suction head with an open suction side which is directed toward the seabed and along which the mineral deposits and surrounding water are taken up, and with a temporary storage, connected via a suction conduit to the at least one suction head, for the mineral deposits taken up, temporary storage includes a container with a front wall, a rear wall, side walls, an upper wall, and a bottom, at the position of the upper wall and connecting to the front wall a first connecting part for the suction conduit, and at substantially the same height and connecting to the rear wall a second connecting part for a discharge conduit for discharge of substantially the sucked-up water.

The abrasive water jet spray head device for assisting deep-sea mining comprises a mixing cavity, an accelerating cavity, a developing cavity, a diffusing cavity, an abrasive inlet pipe, a rotational flow plate and a mixer, the mixer comprises a shell, a clockwise-rotating annular propeller, a counter-rotating annular propeller and a bipolar counter-rotating mechanism, and external high-pressure inflow water can directly enter the mixing cavity; abrasive materials can enter the mixing cavity through the abrasive material inlet pipe, the bipolar counter-rotating mechanism can drive the clockwise-rotating annular propeller and the counter-rotating annular propeller to rotate in different directions, the mixing degree of abrasive material water jet flow is improved, then the abrasive material water jet flow enters the accelerating cavity, the abrasive material water jet flow is accelerated through the gradually-shrinking structural design, and the crushing capacity is enhanced; after abrasive water jet enters the development cavity and the diffusion cavity, secondary mixing enhancement is achieved, meanwhile, four rotary outlets are formed through internal rotational flow plates, finally, four clusters of rotary jet can be sprayed out, and during mining operation, the abrasive water jet has excellent diffusion mixing performance and entrainment performance, and disturbance to the environment is reduced.

The application discloses a layered cross-cut mining type seabed upward horizontal layered access filling mining method, which divides a mining block stage into several sections, divides the sections into several layers, and alternately uses a back-to-back ring surrounding stoping structure and a horizontal layered stoping structure to stop mining of the ore body in the horizontal layers from bottom to top; wherein the back-to-back ring surrounding stoping structure divides the mining block into a plurality of annular accesses with the mining block stoping center as the center from inside to outside, and the diameter of the annular access gradually increases from inside to outside. The access of the back-to-back ring surrounding stoping structure is long and the number is small, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the ore body stoping, and the back-to-back ring surrounding stoping structure and the horizontal layered stoping structure are arranged to alternately stop mining of the upper and lower layers, so that the upper and lower layered accesses of the ore body stoping form a cross structure, thereby providing more support in the direction of the ore body, helping to maintain the stability of the filling body, and effectively controlling the stress change of the stope surrounding rock.

This utility model discloses a pressure-adjustable sand dredging pipe, including a pipeline structure, a sand suction head connected to one end of the pipeline structure, and a pressure pump connected to the other end of the pipeline structure. The pipeline structure includes two rigid fixed pipe sections, a wear-resistant extraction pipe section, and a three-way ball valve connecting the rigid fixed pipe section and the extraction pipe section. The two outlets of the three-way ball valve are respectively connected to the two rigid fixed pipe sections, and the inlet of the three-way ball valve is connected to the extraction pipe section. Both the extraction pipe section and the rigid fixed pipe section are equipped with connecting flanges. This utility model achieves good pressure control by installing a three-way ball valve on the sand dredging pipeline.

The present application belongs to the technical field of deep-sea mining equipment, and provides a step-by-step seabed mining vehicle and a use method thereof. The mining vehicle comprises: a traveling unit having a first truss and a second truss that can slide relative to each other, for supporting and walking of the mining vehicle on the seabed; a mining unit arranged below the second truss, for collecting seabed minerals; a transfer unit connected to the mining unit at one end, for transferring seabed minerals; a temporary storage unit arranged above the second truss and connected to the other end of the transfer unit, for temporarily storing seabed minerals; and a motion control unit for providing power to the traveling unit, the mining unit and the transfer unit and controlling the operation thereof; wherein the first truss and the second truss can be alternately supported on the seabed, so as to realize step-by-step walking of the mining vehicle on the seabed through the relative sliding of the first truss and the second truss. Compared with a caterpillar-type seabed mining vehicle, the mining vehicle can walk on the seabed in a step-by-step manner, greatly reducing seabed disturbance and plume, and reducing the influence on the seabed environment.