402 results about "Seabed sediment" patented technology

The invention provides an experimental method and a device thereof for simulating the exploitation of gas hydrates, wherein the method includes: underlying gas hydrates are generated in a reaction kettle which is provided with water-containing porous medium fill areas. In the step, experimental gas is led in from the lower part of the reaction kettle, thereby spreading the gas from bottom to top into the porous medium fill areas to generate hydrates. Then the hydrates generated are decomposed by adopting a voltage drop method, a heat injection method and or a chemical injection method; and thegas produced after decomposition of the hydrates is discharged out of the reaction kettle, thus simulating the process of exploitation of hydrates. In addition, the invention also provides a device specially designed for implementing the experimental method. The method and the device not only can make three-dimensional simulation of generation circumstance of the gas hydrates in marine sedimentsand the gas hydrates symbiotic with underlying free gas, but also can simulate exploitation of the hydrates by combining a single principle with a multi principle, and can realistically simulate the exploitation process of the gas hydrates.

The invention relates to a penetration type multifunctional submarine sediment in-situ observation probe rod, including a static sounding probe, a resistivity measuring module, a deformation measuring tube and a control cabin which are connected in sequence from bottom to top. The resistivity measuring module includes a resistivity measuring module main body, and point electrodes are distributed at equal intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the resistivity measuring module main body. The deformation measuring tube is of a tubular structure, includes a deformation rubber tube and embedded pore water pressure sensors inside the deformation rubber tube, eight stress and strain measuring optical fibers are distributed at equal intervals along an axial direction on the outer wall of the deformation rubber tube, a row of water drainage holes are distributed along the axial direction, and each water drainage hole is connected with an embedded pore water pressure sensor. The penetration type multifunctional submarine sediment in-situ observation probe rod provided by the invention can realize CPTU detection and can also perform long-term in-situ observation, and add dynamic change process observation of pore water pressure and sediment deformation of different depths; and deformation observation and pore pressure observation are effectively combined, and taking static sounding data for reference, and a dynamic change process mechanism of seabed sediments are interpreted from different angles.

The invention provides a hydraulic drive injection based bottom sediment acoustic characteristic in-situ detecting system, comprising a framework, a transceiving transducer and a transducer injection device. The system is characterized in that the injection device is a hydraulic injection driving device of a pulley combined mechanism, and comprises a hydraulic rod driven by a hydraulic pump, upper and lower movable pulleys fixed on the upper end of the hydraulic rod, three upper fixed pulleys fixed on the upper part of the framework and three lower fixed pulleys fixed on the lower part of the framework, wherein two steel cables pass through two through holes in the middle of a movable pressure plate, and are fixed on the framework by upward moving around the two upper fixed pulleys, the upper movable pulley and the other upper fixed pulley in turn, and are fixed on the frame by downward moving around the two lower fixed pulleys, the lower movable block and the other lower fixed block. The system is suitable for various types of bottom sediment substrates with remarkable injection effect and wide application range, has small interference to bottom sediment and small impact on the transducer with high stability and high detection accuracy, does not require real-time manipulation when full automatically working in sea bottom to reduce marine survey cost.

The invention discloses a marine sediment sampler, which comprises a guide tail wing, a balancing assembly and a sampling tube with a sampling knife edge. The upper part of the balancing assembly is provided with an air storage chamber, an airflow passage is connected with the air storage chamber and an air vibrator, and an air outlet hole of the air vibrator is communicated with a vertical adjustor; and a valve control system controls a valve on the airflow passage. The upper part of the balancing assembly of the sampler is provided with the air storage chamber, the air vibrator and the vertical adjustor, the sampler has the sampling functions of two samplers of gravity and electric vibration; during vibration sampling, the inclination of the sampler is corrected by using the air discharged by the air vibrator through the vertical adjustor; and the sampler has a simple, compact and reliable structure, does not need a bracket or a chassis, and does not need a power supply cable. Once the sampler is fed, the sampler automatically finishes sampling in a mode of gravity or combination of gravity and vibration according to the property of the marine sediment, and greatly improves the sampling work efficiency.

The invention relates to an experiment device, in particular to a simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate. The simulation exploiting experiment device for the natural gas hydrate comprises a reaction kettle, a gas supply device, a liquid supply device, a temperature control device and a gas-liquid separator, wherein the reaction kettle is respectively connected with the gas supply device, the liquid supply device, the temperature control device and the gas-liquid separator; and a time domain reflection probe is arranged in the reaction kettle and is connected with a data acquisition system through a time domain reflector. The invention has the advantages that the reaction kettle is in a longitudinal structure, so that the submarine sediment environment can be better simulated; by applying the time domain reflection technology, the saturation degree of the hydrate can be monitored in real time; and the simulation exploiting experiment device has more measuring points and can reflect the experiment progress and can conduct the experiments by using various exploiting methods.

The invention provides a cutter exploitation method of seabed natural gas hydrates. The method employs a seabed exploitation vehicle, a sea level decomposition and storage system, and a waterpower conveying system for connecting the seabed exploitation vehicle as well as the sea level decomposition and storage system. The seabed exploitation vehicle comprises a reamer, a reamer arm, a crawler type running gear as well as a power and control system, and the like, and is used for cutting and fragmenting the seabed natural gas hydrate. The waterpower conveying system comprises an auxiliary slurry pump, a conveying flexible pipe, a buoyancy ball, a main slurry pump, a conveying hard tube, and the like, and the system is used for conveying the natural gas hydrates which is fragmented by the exploitation vehicle to the sea level decomposition and storage system. The decomposition and storage system comprises a decomposer, a storage container, a mine tailing pipe, and the like, and is used for decomposing and separating the natural gas hydrates which are conveyed by the conveying system and collecting the natural gas hydrates in the storage container, and the separated seabed deposits and other refuses are discharged to the seabed. The cutter exploitation method of seabed natural gas hydrates has high production efficiency and controllable exploitation process, 'air bag' and the like are not needed to construct, and the method has good application prospects.

The invention discloses a dynamic change original position observation system for a seabed interfacial layer. The dynamic change original position observation system comprises a seabed interfacial layer observation platform, an oscillating type detection rod penetrating apparatus and a multiparameter observation detection rod, wherein the seabed interfacial layer observation platform is used for loading various observation apparatuses and the oscillating type detection rod penetrating apparatus and is in riveted connection with the detection rod penetrating apparatus, the probe of an anti-sinking plate and a through hole are designed to form the laying stability and recovery convenience of an entire observation system, and the oscillating type detection rod penetrating apparatus uses a vibration exciter to generate vertical power to allow the observation detection rod to continuously insert in seabed deposit. New design principle and means are employed, partial liquefaction and strength reduction of seabed deposit can be realized through high frequency vibration, so that the observation detection rod can continuously insert in the seabed deposit, and the implementation is more convenient. The multiparameter observation detection rod is connected with the vibration exciter, and integrated with various sensors to realize synchronous observation of three-phase media of sea water body-seabed interface-seabed deposit. A water inlet fine pipe is provided and a water inlet when opened during recovery can eliminate vacuum suction on the bottom of the detection rod to facilitate recovery. The observation system provides essential technology support for researching dynamic evolution of the seabed interfacial layer.

The invention relates to a system which is used for directly collecting sediment pore water in-situ and recovering the sediment pore water in an air tight mode, belonging to the detection field of matter or articles, with the patent class number G01V. The system comprises a press-filter typed pore water in-situ airtight collecting bottle A, an altimeter used for measuring the height from the bottom, a sensor group B matched with the system such as a position sensor, an underwater pressure-resistant sealing barrel body, a pressure-resistant sealing connector C which is used for underwater connection, an underwater digital collecting control sub-system D, a bracket E which is used for fixing parts and provided with an underwater battery group and a loading counterweight, and a deck display and re-play sub-system F; a sampling pipe assembled by a plurality of sampling bottles vertically passes through the seafloor sediment; and under the control of the sub-system D, the object that the pore water is collected in-situ by layers can be achieved. The system can completely store the chemical property of the pore water compared with the traditional method which collects the sediment on the deck by a sampling device and extracts or squeezes the pore water. The system can be applied to the fields such as investigation, exploitation, underwater environment monitoring, and the like of marine gas hydrate and marine oil-gas, and has wide application prospect.

The present invention provides a foundation that facilitates the extraction process by minimizing the soil resistance. When the foundation is lowered onto a seabed, it penetrates the seabed and experiences soil resistance therefrom. In particular, the suction generated at the base of the foundation contributes significantly to the soil resistance. The foundation is configured to uniformly distribute pressurized fluid to the base external via a plurality of outlets. The outlets are terminated with an interface layer to allow the transfer of pressurized fluid to the base external and prevent the ingress or seabed sediments into the body. The pressurized fluid released to the base external increases the pore pressure at the base external, thus minimizing the suction at the base.

The invention discloses a seafloor sediment coring device applicable to a seafloor drilling machine. The seafloor sediment coring device applicable to the seafloor drilling machine is characterized in that on the basis of the existing seafloor drilling machine, a suction piston cylinder is additionally arranged, is fixedly mounted in an existing seafloor drilling machine and comprises a suction cylinder barrel, a suction piston and piston rod subassembly and a piston end cap; the suction piston and piston rod assembly is inserted in the suction cylinder barrel; the suction piston and the inner wall of the suction cylinder barrel are sealed through a sealing ring; one end of the suction piston rod is fixedly connected with the suction piston; the other end of the suction piston rod is connected with a drilling power head or a propelling mechanism of the existing seafloor drilling machine; the suction piston is driven by the drilling power head and the propelling mechanism of the existing seafloor drilling machine in a combination mode; and through reasonable selection of the inner diameter of the suction piston cylinder, the amount of water which is extracted by the suction piston cylinder from an inner cavity of a drill pipe via a water supply tube of the drilling power head is basically equal to the amount of water which is drained to the inner cavity of the drill pipe as sediments enter the coring drilling machine, piston type negative-pressure suction coring is realized, the sediment coring rate of the seafloor drilling machine is thus improved greatly, and disturbance on sediment samples is reduced.

The invention discloses a device for collecting bottom sediments and submarine water simultaneously. The device comprises a sampling tube, a piston, a balance weight, a water collecting box and a balance wing; a plastic sleeve is arranged in the sampling tube and used for storing bottom sediment samples; the piston arranged in the plastic sleeve is connected with a cable, and extends out of the top of the sampling tube, and is driven to move upwards by pulling the cable, so that the bottom sediment samples are pulled into the plastic sleeve; an automatic opening assembly is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting box and is opened under pressure of seawater when the device sinks in the sea and is inserted into the bottom sediments so that the submarine water is sampled into the water collecting box; the automatic opening assembly is closed when the sampling device floats so that the submarine water sample is sealed. The device has both functions of collecting bottom sediments and submarine water and can collect the submarine water sample at the position 1-2m away from the seabed.

The invention discloses a hydraulic driven mechanical hand-held seafloor sediment truth-preserving sampler and a sampling method. The sampler includes a hydraulic source, a pressure holding cylinder,a sampling tube, a flap sealing mechanism and an opening valve. The flap sealing mechanism is installed at the opening at the bottom of the pressure holding cylinder. The flap sealing mechanism comprises a flap valve base and a flap valve. The flap valve base is connected to the pressure holding cylinder in a seal connection way. The flap valve close to a valve hole is hinged to the flap valve base. A torsional spring is arranged between the flap valve and the flap valve base. A sampling tube is inserted into the pressure holding cylinder. The sampling tube is provided with a sampling tube piston fitting to the inner hole of the pressure holding cylinder. The sampling tube and the valve hole on the flap valve base are coaxial. A hydraulic source is connected to an oil inlet of an opening valve through a pipe. An oil outlet of the opening valve is connected to the through hole on the side wall of the pressure holding cylinder through a pipe. The top of the pressure holding cylinder is provided with a returning hole. The returning hole and the inner cavity at the flap valve installation position are communicated through a pipe. The hydraulic driven mechanical hand-held seafloor sediment truth-preserving sampler has a simple and compact structure and is easy to operate. Through the pressure holding cylinder, the sampling truth-preserving effects are ensured.

The invention discloses a bottom material sonar image classification method based on a convolution neural network, belonging to the technical field of image classification. The method comprises obtaining the sonar image of seafloor bottom, preprocessing the image with denoising and enhancement, extracting the edge shape based on a canny algorithm, and generating a gray scale-basic element co-occurrence matrix, constructing a convolution neural network classifier structure and a sample set, training a neural network, obtaining classification model and realizing bottom material sonar image classification. The present invention is directed to the graphical characteristics of bottom material sonar images of seafloor, the disadvantage of using single method is solved, and the learning strategyof the convolution neural network classifier is used to learn and train different types of seabed sediment, and finally the classification model with classification function is obtained, and the purpose of fast and accurate classification of seabed sediment sonar images is achieved.

The invention provides an automatic recovery deep-sea sampler. The automatic recovery deep-sea sampler comprises a housing, wherein a gas bag bin, a compressed gas bin and a sampling bin are sequentially arranged in the housing from top to bottom; a gas bag is mounted at the lower part of the gas bag bin; the compressed gas bin contains a compressed gas; a solenoid valve communicated with the interior of the gas bag is mounted on the wall of the compressed gas bin; and a main control panel and a plurality of water sample bins and mud sample bins are arranged in the sampling bin. The automaticrecovery deep-sea sampler is very suitable for deep-sea bottom sampling detection, and can not only record variations of seabed distance, pressure and temperature but also automatically take water samples and mud samples in different seabed depths. An automatic recovery device is arranged inside. In case of no cable connection, the gas bag bin can be filled with the compressed gas to realize automatic floating of the sampler. The sampler is high in recovery ratio, and realizes efficient sampling of deep-sea water, bottom sediments and the like.

The invention discloses a sampling device which belongs to the technical field of bottom sediment sampling equipment, and is designed for solving the problems of ultrahigh load and easiness in cable breaking in a recycling process of a present sampling device. The sampling device provided by the invention comprises a sampling main body structure, a sampling counterweight, a counterweight releasing mechanism and a releaser mechanism, wherein the sampling main body structure is used for acquiring and accommodating a bottom sediment sample; the counterweight releasing mechanism is connected with the sampling main body structure and is used for realizing the sampling counterweight when the sampling device retracts; the releaser mechanism is arranged above the counterweight releasing mechanism and is used for acquiring more bottom sediment samples through the sampling main body structure. The sampling device provided by the invention is a throwing counterweight type device, the recycling load is small and a cable is difficult to break.

The invention discloses a seabed heat flow long-term observation probe based on an underwater robot platform. The seabed heat flow long-term observation probe comprises a support probe lever and a plurality of self-capacitance temperature measuring units. The self-capacitance temperature measuring units are helically distributed at equal distance and fixed on the support probe lever to form a distributed multipoint temperature measuring structure, and temperature fluctuation of sediments in different depths of the seabed is observed in the long term. Each self-capacitance temperature measuring unit comprises a housing, a battery, a temperature measuring circuit board, a sensor packaging probe and a temperature sensor, wherein the battery and the temperature measuring circuit board are mounted in the housing, the sensor packaging probe is fixed at one end of the housing, and the temperature sensor is mounted in the sensor packaging probe and electrically connected with the temperature measuring circuit board. The temperature sensors closely contact with the sediments in the seabed, the self-capacitance temperature measuring units helically distributed guarantee that each temperature sensor can contact undisturbed sediments, and fastness and accuracy in temperature measurement of the sediments are guaranteed to the greatest extent.

The invention provides a seabed sediment reflectivity extraction method and system for laser radar sounding data. The method comprises: seabed echo waveform data included by airborne full-waveform laser radar sounding data are obtained and solution processing is carried out on the seabed echo waveform data based on a Richardson-Lucy deconvolution iterative algorithm to obtain an echo intensity and a seawater depth; according to a linear regression method, seabed echo waveform data solution is carried out to obtain sea water attenuation coefficient; echo intensity correction is carried out on a hot-spot effect caused by a seabed topographic slope and pulse broadening, thereby obtaining a slop of the seabed sediment and a seabed sediment reflectivity. According to the invention, the influence on the seabed echo intensity by various factors like a seawater attenuation coefficient, pulse broadening, and a hot spot effect are taken into consideration; and the seabed sediment reflectivity is inverted precisely.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbiological fuel cells and provides methods for preparing and applying a composite anode of a microbiological fuel cell. The composite anode contains an inorganic catalyst and polyaniline, has high electric catalytic performance and can remarkably enhance the output power density of the cell. The method for preparing the composite anode comprises the following steps of: performing initiation by using an inorganic initiator, such as manganese dioxide or ammonium metavanadate to synthesize the polyaniline; sulfonating the polyaniline at a low temperature; and pressing an electrode. A marine microbiological fuel cell which contains marine sediments and a sewage microbiological fuel cell are assembled by using the composition anode and a method for specifically testing and analyzing the cell performance is provided. A result indicates that the output power density of the cell is greatly enhanced, the maximum output power density of the composite anode, which contains a manganese compound and the polyaniline is 140.647mW/m<2> and is 4.12 times that of an unmodified anode. The maximum output power density of the composite anode, which contains a vanadium compound and the polyaniline is 187.06mW/m<2> and is 5.48 times that of the unmodified anode.

The invention provides a method for classifying types of mixed seabed sediment based on a multi-beam sonar technology, and belongs to the fields of marine acoustic remote sensing detection and recognition. The method comprises the following steps: according to backscatter strength data obtained by a multi-beam sonar system, improving the existing multi-beam backscatter strength data correction model by analyzing influence on backscatter strength due to factors such as submarine topographical features, reflected signals at a central wave bundle area and the like; on the basis of the improved model, systematically seeking relationship between the submarine backscatter strength and sediment types and characteristics in details in combination with real submarine sediment sample data obtained through submarine geological sampling; and recognizing the types of the mixed seabed sediment rapidly, accurately and automatically by a neural network classification method. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of strong practicability and strong generality, and is mainly used for classifying and recognizing the types of the mixed seabed sediment.

The invention relates to a device that uses physical or chemical character to testing or analyzing material. The invention supplies a seabed sediment gas keeping sampling unit that can realize subsection keeping sampling. It includes releasing device and sampling device that includes sleeve and liner tube in the sleeve. The bit is set at the bottom of the sleeve. The liner tube actively connects to the sleeve. The top of the liner tube is fixation plunger that connects to the releasing device through steel line. Lock mechanism is set on the linear tube. The corresponding trigger mechanism is set on the sleeve. The invention would sample the appointed depth seabed sediments.

The invention provides a multiple-stage separator. The multiple-stage separator comprises a drilling fluid injection system, an exploitation mixture return system and a hydrocyclone separation systemplaced between the drilling fluid injection system and the exploitation mixture return system. The multiple-stage separator has the advantages that the handling capacity is large, tube plugging is notprone to occurring, and the structure is simple; and the multiple-stage separator has high application value and aims to solve the problem of sediment backfill in the process of natural gas hydrate fluidization exploitation, thus stabilization of a seabed layer is ensured, and accidents of tsunamis and the like caused by seabed cavitation due to the fact that the seabed sediment cannot be separated are avoided.

The invention discloses an original-space detector and a detection method for beach shallow sea sediment strength. The original-space detector for the beach shallow sea sediment strength comprises a control ship and a frame device, wherein the control ship is provided with an air charging device and a vacuum generator and the frame device is provided with an injection device and a hydraulic device. An air pressure chamber on the frame device is connected with the air charging device and the vacuum generator. The air pressure chamber is a cylindrical leather bag with cross section being circular and vertically arranged. A protection cylinder is further arranged outside the leather bag. Water discharge holes are formed in the surface of the protection cylinder. The water discharge holes are in an oval shape, a V shape or a U shape. The method comprises the steps that the frame device is pulled to a target point through a ship and sinks to the seabed through self weight, strength of sediment under the seabed is detected through a hydraulic injection manner, contacting probe strength testing parameters are obtained, test points stratums are divided according to strength values of various layers of soil, names are chosen for the stratums, and bearing force and modulus on beach shallow sea foundation sole are confirmed. According to the original-space detector and the detection method for the beach shallow sea sediment strength, the defect that a large-scale research vessel can not be driven to a beach shallow sea range to conduct original-space strength detection for the seabed sediment is overcome, geological exploration can be repeatedly conducted in different seabed areas, cost is greatly reduced, and efficiency is improved.