The invention relates to a rare-earth-based composite multi-component denitration and dioxin-removing catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The rare-earth-based composite multi-component denitration and dioxin-removing catalyst takes titanium dioxide and silicon powder as carriers, and takes tungsten compounds, vanadium compounds, cerium compounds and lanthanum compounds as active components; and under the accompanying of auxiliary materials, all the raw materials are mixed, granulated, kneaded, molded, dried and roasted to prepare the catalyst, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise monoethanolamine, ammonia water, lactic acid, stearic acid, glass fibers, citric acid, PP (Propene Polymer) fibers, cellulose ether, polyoxyethylene and water. The preparation method of the rare-earth-based composite multi-component denitration and dioxin-removing catalyst has a simple process and is safe to operate, and the catalyst has a plurality of functions of denitration, dioxin removal and mercury removal; by adopting a catalytic decomposition technology, the dioxin pollution problem is solved; compared with that of active carbon, the adsorption is relatively complete; and the activity of the catalyst is extremely improved and the temperature use range is expanded.