1297 results about "Catalytic decomposition" patented technology

A process for producing hollow, single-walled carbon nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of one or more gaseous carbon compounds by first forming a gas phase mixture carbon feed stock gas comprising one or more gaseous carbon compounds, each having one to six carbon atoms and only H, O, N, S or Cl as hetero atoms, optionally admixed with hydrogen, and a gas phase metal containing compound which is unstable under reaction conditions for said decomposition, and which forms a metal containing catalyst which acts as a decomposition catalyst under reaction conditions; and then conducting said decomposition reaction under decomposition reaction conditions, thereby producing said nanotubes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of a new chemical material, and in particular relates to a high-durability super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating material and a preparation method thereof. The coating material of the invention is prepared by curing and drying nanoparticles with photo-catalytic activity, a low-surface-free-energy polymer and a cross-linking agent at the room temperature, wherein the low-surface-free-energy polymer consists of one or more of polysiloxane fluoride, dimethyl silicone polymer and polyphenylene methyl siloxane, which contain active groups, such as hydroxyl alkoxy group, carbon-carbon double bond, silanol group, siloxy group, and the like; the cross-linking agent is hydrogen-containing silicone oil or aminosilane; and the mass content of the photo-catalytic nanoparticles in the coating ranges from 10 to 60 percent. The coating is formed into a micro-nanostructure by nanoparticle self-organization; a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating with lotus effect is prepared from the coating and a cross-linked filming matrix with low surface energy; the persistence of a lotus-shaped super-hydrophobic characteristic of the coating is realized by using the photo-catalytic decomposition characteristic of an organic pollutant for the nanoparticles; and thus the material is suitable for large-area construction and has high weathering resistance andprominent self-cleaning characteristic.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by the catalytic decomposition of both carbon monoxide and ethylene over a supported metal catalyst known to produce larger multi-walled nanotubes. Under certain conditions, there is no termination of nanotube growth, and production appears to be limited only by the diffusion of reactant gas through the product nanotube mat that covers the catalyst. The present invention concerns a catalyst-substrate system which promotes the growth of nanotubes that are predominantly single-walled tubes in a specific size range, rather than the large irregular-sized multi-walled carbon fibrils that are known to grow from supported catalysts. With development of the supported catalyst system to provide an effective means for production of single-wall nanotubes, and further development of the catalyst geometry to overcome the diffusion limitation, the present invention will allow bulk catalytic production of predominantly single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal catalysts located on a catalyst supporting surface.

A stack of very thin metal plates provides high surface area for catalytic decomposition of a fluid flowing axially from upstream to downstream through the stack. Each plate has flow-through passages of selected size and location to promote uniform flow and good surface contact with a catalyst surface on the plates. The downstream surface of each plate is etched to provide gaps between plates for lateral fluid flow. The plates are divided into groups separated by metering plates that promote more uniform flow from group to group.

The invention relates to a method for the catalytic decomposition of N₂O in a gas containing N₂O in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite that has been loaded with a first metal selected from the group of noble metals consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold, and with a second metal selected from the group of transition metals consisting of chromium, manganese, iron cobalt, nickel and copper, and wherein the loading of the zeolite with metals has been obtained by first loading the zeolite with the noble metal and then with the transition metal, as well as a catalyst for this method and a method for the preparation of this catalyst.

Disclosed is a catalyst useful for catalytic decomposition of high concentration ammonia, and also disclosed is a process for decomposing ammonia using the catalyst. As the ammonia decomposion catalyst, a catalyst which supports a metallic element selected from Fe, Co, Ni and Cu by ion exchange method on porous silica alumina having an Si/Al atomic ratio of 1 to 90 and a specific surface area of 200 to 900 m²/g and contains a noble metal selected from Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt in an amount of 10 to 500 ppm based on the total mass of the catalyst is useful.

PCT No. PCT/SK97/00006 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 1, 1999 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 1, 1999 PCT Filed Jul. 4, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/39368 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 11, 1998The nature of the process consists in that the low-grade organic substances are subject, at a temperature of 150 DEG C. to 700 DEG C. and at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 2.5 MPa, to the action of a moving bed of solid particles of a substance which perform whirling motion, whereby the solid particles of a substance constituting the moving bed are set to whirling motion by intensive agitation. The device consists of a reaction chamber (1) with a rotation mechanism (2) which rotation mechanism (2), located rotably in the faces of the reaction chamber (1), consists of a shaft (3) to which vanes (5) are symetrically attached by means of driving discs (4). The vanes (5) may be arranged in 3 to 10 rows, and they may be provided with openings (5.1) or cut-outs (5.2) of various geometrical shapes, and they may be divided into individual segments (5.3). Also the driving discs (4) may be provided with openings (4.1) of various geometrical shapes.

The invention relates to an air purification material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of chemical catalytic decomposition, in particular belonging to the technical field of decomposition of formaldehyde pollutants in environment air. The air purification material comprises a base material and manganese oxide, wherein the manganese oxide is supported on the base material, the base material is honeycomb ceramics or a fiber material with a particle filtering function, and the manganese oxide is birnessite manganese oxide prepared from permanganate and oxalate. The air purification material can effectively decompose formaldehyde pollutants in indoor air and can rapidly and constantly remove the formaldehyde pollutants in indoor air at room temperature. The air purification material can be regenerated through heating, so that the service life of the material is prolonged and the practical application is facilitated.

The invention relates to an air cleaning material, and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemical catalytic decomposition. The air cleaning material comprise a base material and a manganese oxide loaded on the base material; the manganese oxide is a birnessite type manganese oxide prepared by performing in-situ reduction on a permanganate and a reducing agent; and the base material is filter cotton, non-woven fabrics, cotton cloth, gauze, or fiber with particle filtering function. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, dissolving a quaternary ammonium salt and the permanganate in water, adding the base material; step 2, adding the reducing agent into the solution obtained in the step 1, mixing uniformly; step 3, heating the solution obtained in the step 2 at a constant temperature; and step 4, taking out the base material and drying to obtain the finished product. According to the technical scheme, the manganese oxide is simple loaded on the fiber material base material such as filter cotton and the like, so that the obtained low-wind-resistance cleaning material is capable of continuously rapid degrading formaldehyde and ozone in the air at room temperature; and the preparation method of the air cleaning material is simple and low in cost, and no other pollutions are introduced.

The invention relates to a monoatomic dispersed platinum group metal based catalyst with a higher loading capacity and an application of the catalyst. Specifically, the invention relates to a bicomponent catalyst of titanium oxide and one selected from metals rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), platinum (Pt), iridium (Ir) and palladium (Pd) as well as preparation and an application of the catalyst. Themetal is highly dispersed in the form of a single atom on the carrier titanium oxide, and the metal content is up to 0.4-2%. The catalyst provided by the invention is suitable for the CO water gas shift reaction, and can improve the CO conversion rate and inhibit a methanation side reaction; and meanwhile, the catalyst also has very good low-temperature activity and use stability on catalytic decomposition of the liquid single-component propellant level anhydrous hydrazine used in a satellite attitude control engine in the aerospace industry.

The invention provides a preparation method for preparing a Co3O4@CoP composite electrode based on an MOF template and belongs to the technical field of energy conversion. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly growing Co(CO3)0.5OH 0.11H2O on a nickel plate substrate by virtue of simple hydrothermal reaction, and further growing favorable-appearance ZIF-67 in situ on the surface of Co(CO3)0.5OH 0.11H2O, thereby obtaining a Co(CO3)0.5OH 0.11H2O@ZIF-67 composite material; and furthermore, performing bonderizing so as to obtain Co3O4@CoP derivates. Compared with a single Co(CO3)0.5OH 0.11H2O electrode, the derivate electrode material has relatively low oxygen evolution potential and relatively high corresponding current density under same electric potential, and can be applied to the fields of hydrogen production based on electrocatalysis and decomposition of water and conversion of new energy resources such as fuel cells.

A porous charcoal adsorbent for cleaning environment is composed of porous charcoal as carrier and zinc oxide nano-particles as active component. Its preparing process includes such steps as reaction between zinc nitrate micro-emulsion and sodium hydroxide to obtain zinc oxide nano-particles, carrying them by porous charcoal and heat treating. Its advantages are high absorptive power and high photo-catalytic and antibacterial activities.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by the catalytic decomposition of both carbon monoxide and ethylene over a supported metal catalyst known to produce larger multi-walled nanotubes. Under certain conditions, there is no termination of nanotube growth, and production appears to be limited only by the diffusion of reactant gas through the product nanotube mat that covers the catalyst The present invention concerns a catalyst-substrate system which promotes the growth of nanotubes that are predominantly single-walled tubes in a specific size range, rather than the large irregular-sized multi-walled carbon fibrils that are known to grow from supported catalysts. With development of the supported catalyst system to provide an effective means for production of single-wall nanotubes, and further development of the catalyst geometry to overcome the diffusion limitation, the present invention will allow bulk catalytic production of predominantly single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal catalysts located on a catalyst supporting surface.

The invention discloses a method for catalytically decomposing a carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin composite material. In the method, SO4<2->/MxOy solid superacid is taken as a catalyst; and the method comprises the following steps of: reacting hydrogen peroxide serving as an oxidant with the carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin composite material to oxidatively decompose thermosetting epoxy resin into the homologues of benzene or phenol and dissolve in an organic solvent, cooling, separating solid form liquid, washing the obtained solid, drying, separating carbon fiber and the SO4<2->/MxOy solid superacid, and distilling the obtained liquid under reduced pressure to obtain decomposed thermosetting epoxy resin residue. Compared with the prior art, the method for catalytically decomposing the carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin composite material has the advantages of high decomposition efficiency, environmental protection and easy realization, and is a method for recovering the waste carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin composite material in an environmentally friendly way, wherein the recovery rate of carbon fiber can reach over 95 percent, and the recovered carbon fiber has basically complete surface, does not have residual impurity, and can be recycled.

The invention relates to a porous TiO2 fiber loaded noble metal formaldehyde room-temperature oxidation catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The porous TiO2 fiber loaded noble metal formaldehyde room-temperature oxidation catalyst comprises a porous TiO2 fiber carrier and noble metal active components which are dispersed in the carrier; the porous TiO2 fiber carrier is of a felt shape, and is formed by weaving the TiO2 fibers with the length of a plurality of microns; irregular pores with the pore diameter range of 2-1000nm are formed in the TiO2 fibers so as to form a graduation mesoporous-macroporous structure; and the noble metal exists in a zero valence form with the particle size range of 0.5-3nm. The porous TiO2 fiber loaded noble metal formaldehyde room-temperature oxidation catalyst provided by the invention is of a graduation mesoporous-macroporous structure; the active component noble metal has good dispersibility in the carrier, has the particle size of 1-3nm, and is zero valence; and formaldehyde can be subjected to catalytic decomposition at room temperature, and the catalytic activity is good, and the using quantity is less.

A method to produce N₂O from organic nitrogen and/or reactive nitrogen in waste uses a bioreactor coupled to a hardware reactor device in which the N₂O is consumed in a gas phase chemical reaction, e.g., catalytic decomposition to form oxygen and nitrogen gas. Heat from the exothermic reaction may be used to generate power. The N₂O may alternatively be used as an oxidant or co-oxidant in a combustion reaction, e.g., in the combustion of methane.

The invention discloses a dedusting and denitration integrated functional filter material which comprises a dust facing layer, a buffer layer, a catalytic decomposition layer, a base cloth layer and a support layer, wherein the dust facing layer is prepared by blending polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and polyimide fiber; the buffer layer is prepared by blending polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and polyimide fiber; the catalytic decomposition layer is prepared from a polytetrafluoroethylene film containing a V2O5-WO3/TiO2 denitration catalyst; the base cloth layer is prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene fiber; the support layer is prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene fiber; the base cloth layer is located on the support layer; the catalytic decomposition layer is located on the base cloth layer; the buffer layer is located on the catalytic decomposition layer; the dust facing layer is located on the buffer layer; the dust facing layer, the buffer layer and the catalytic decomposition layer are hooked on the base cloth layer through a needle punching method; and the support layer is arranged below the base cloth layer through a needle punching method. The dedusting and denitration integrated functional filter material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that high-temperature dedusting and denitration can be realized, and the denitration efficiency can be improved. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the filter material.

This invention provides a petroleum hydrocarbon catalytic decomposition accelerant and its application. This accelerant includes following components: (1) lanthanide, its weight amount is 0.1-25%; (2) phosphorus or boron, its weight amount is 0.1-10%; (3) base metal, alkali metal and transition metal, their weight amount is 0.1-15%; (4) The others are ZSM-5,ZRP used as carrier. This accelerant used for production of low carbon alkenes by cracking heavy magnesium alkanes, with space velocity of gas 1-25hr-1, such as naphtha, diesel oil, educed pressure diesel and so on. The yield of ethylene, propylene, butylenes and butadiene will improve by 5%.

A method and device for reducing fuel consumption of a diesel engine by catalytic decomposition of oxygen-containing fuel belong to the technical field of diesel engine combustion energy saving and emission reduction. In the present invention, the oxygen-containing fuel is fed into the catalytic reactor installed in the exhaust channel of the diesel engine, and the catalytic reactor is heated by the waste heat of the tail gas discharged from the combustion chamber, so that the oxygen-containing fuel is catalytically decomposed, and the generated hydrogen-rich and carbon monoxide-rich The decomposed gas enters the intake port, mixes with air, and enters the combustion chamber. At the same time, the emulsified oil is sprayed from the nozzle. The atomized emulsified oil evaporates, mixes, ignites and burns in the combustion chamber, and pushes the piston to do work. The system of the present invention makes full use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, and can realize the catalytic decomposition of the oxygen-containing fuel without providing energy from the outside. At the same time, combined with the use of emulsified oil, the comprehensive fuel saving rate of the diesel engine can reach 10-15%, and can be greatly improved. Reduce the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen compounds and soot, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydrogen gas, and is aimed at providing a technological process capable of combining sulfur-iodine open-circuit circulation and sulfuric aid industry to simultaneously produce hydrogen gas and sulfuric acid and provide electric power and its equipment. Said method includes the following steps: roasting sulfur-bearing mineral, Bunsen reaction, separating HIx phase and H2SO4 phase solution, using electroosmose process to concentrate and purify HIx phase and utilizing HI membrane catalytic decomposition reactor to make decomposition to obtain I2 and find product H2.

The invention belongs to the field of waste water and waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a composite material with the photocatalysis function and the anion adsorption function and a production method thereof. The composite material comprises a solid dry material and water. The solid dry material comprises, by mass, 40-70 parts of inorganic gel materials, 5-15 parts of photocatalysis materials, 10-30 parts of active adsorption materials, 5-10 parts of anion materials, 5-10 parts of reinforced fiber materials, 4-6 parts of inorganic transparent particles, 0.5-3 parts of foaming agents and low-density organic materials. The proportion of the solid dry material to the water is 1 to 0.5-2, and the volume weight of a finished product is 60-700kg/m<3>. The composite material is an inorganic composite porous large-specific-surface-area profile integrating the functions of adsorption, catalytic decomposition, desorption, hydroxyl anion relase and infrared emitting. Ball-shaped, block-shaped, bar-shaped and plate-shaped porous profiles are provided.