8278results about "Anchoring bolts" patented technology

Embodiments in accordance with the present invention relate to the design of inexpensive mounting and pointing apparatuses for linear arrays of solar energy collectors and converters. Particular embodiments in accordance with the present invention disclose a rigging system comprising at least one, and preferably a plurality of, tensile cables onto which a plurality of solar modules are fastened. Such an arrangement provides a way of suspending solar modules over land, vegetation, bodies of water, and other geographic features without substantial perturbation of the underlying terrain. Certain embodiments comprise additional tensile cables fastened to the solar modules, such that differential axial motion of the cables produces a rotational motion component of the individual solar modules of the array. This rotational motion component effects an orientation control along one rotational axis.

The invention relates to a construction method of a V-level surrounding rock tunnel, comprising the following steps: (1) making a drill guiding I-beam steel lagging jack, i.e. mounting an I-beam steel lagging jack, a groove steel trimming beam, a lock pin anchor rod, a guiding steel pipe, a longitudinal connection steel rib and face injecting concrete in sequence; and (2) construction and support in the tunnel, i.e. drilling pipe shelter steel pipe holes, mounting pipe shelter steel pipes, filling slurry inwards. The earthwork construction of a pilot tunnel comprises earthwork construction, primary support, injecting concrete on a pilot tunnel wall, suspending steel bar nets, casting concrete basis, mounting I-beam steel lagging jack, groove steel trimming beam, steel pads, I-shaped steel inclined strut and lock pin anchor rods, welding longitudinal connection steel bar, injecting concrete on the face and removing core soils; mounting a first-level step temporary inverted arch comprises: constructing lower-level earthwork, performing primary support in the pivot tunnel, mounting the second-level step temporary inverted arch, constructing the following level of earthwork, performing primary support, casting and filling inverted arch, and casting lining concrete at a time inside the pivot tunnel. The invention has the advantage of rapid penetration speed and safe construction.

The invention discloses a quick supporting method for large-deformation roadway easy to fall, break and loosen and an apparatus thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) clearing away the loose stones on the wall of the surrounding rock of the roadway; (2) hanging a reinforcing steel bar mesh along the digging outline of the roadway and initially spraying one thin concrete layer; (3) arranging an anchor rod in the drill hole of the roadway wall; (4) arranging a side-wall steel grating arch to support the surrounding rock of the side wall; (5) arranging a top-supporting steel grating arch, touching the top and supporting the upper surrounding rock; (6) clearing away the floating slag at the bottom of the roadway, arranging a steel grating arch of the inverted arch, supporting and sealing the system into a ring; (7) carrying out the cement injection construction on the anchor rod; (8) welding the exposed part of the cement injected anchor rod on the steel grating arch to form a whole structure; and (9) multi-spraying concrete or steel fiber concrete along the roadway wall. The apparatus comprises an anchor rod, a side-wall steel grating arch, a steel grating arch of top arch, a steel grating arch of inverted arch, and a concrete spray layer of reinforcing steel bar. The invention has the advantage of remarkable support effect, simple method and convenient operation and solves the problem that the bracket and the surrounding rock are not adhered tightly.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method in a fault fracture zone, which comprises the following steps: a. adopting the method of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling and combining long-distance and short-distance to ascertain the geological situation in front, and carry out advanced geological prediction; b. adopting advanced Anchor construction, pre-grouting construction of the surrounding walls of small conduits in advance, and advance support construction of grouting pipe shed and steel frame, and advance pre-support; c. Tunnel excavation and support. It provides a theoretical basis for detecting the specific location, range and water inflow of the fault fracture zone; ensures the safety of tunnel construction; on the basis of analyzing the specific location and scope of the fault fracture zone and adopting a reasonable advanced pre-support method, comprehensive and specific According to the geological conditions, choose a reasonable tunnel excavation method. It has strong applicability for the construction of expressway tunnels crossing fault fracture zones; at the same time, it has reference and reference significance for the construction of railway, municipal and water conservancy tunnels (holes) with similar geological conditions.

The invention relates to a composite support device of a dynamic pressure softrock tunnel based on a steel pipe concrete bracket, which comprises a steel pipe concrete bracket, wherein a flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer is arranged between the steel pipe concrete bracket and supported surrounding rock. The composite support device also comprises a surrounding rock grouting and reinforcing device, wherein the surrounding rock grouting and reinforcing device comprises a plurality of hollow surrounding rock grouting anchor rods, and the surrounding rock is grouted by the hollow anchor rods; after being injected with a concrete layer, the surrounding rock is covered by a flexible seal layer; and the steel pipe concrete bracket is provided with a vertical column shaped or Y-shaped or T-shaped high-strength steel pipe concrete strut. The high-strength steel pipe concrete bracket and the flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer are two necessary technologies; and the flexible seal layer, the surrounding rock grouting and reinforcement and the high-strength steel pipe concrete strut are three optional technologies. The flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer is combined with the steel pipe concrete bracket so that the whole support system combines hardness with softness, has simple structure, low cost and high support resistance and can effectively control the stability of large deformed tunnels of deep well softrock dynamic pressure, and the like.

Disclosed is a method for retaining roadway and supporting the surrounding rock in goafs under geological condition, which is characterized by first reinforcing and retaining roadway for the first time, then constructing the exceeded roadway and finally constructing and retaining roadway for the second time. The method of the invention forms an effective supporting for the secondary retaining roadway along the goafs, thus overcoming the difficulty in supporting roadway in a condition of multi mining activities. The roadway is primarily guaranteed perfect during the mining period and the amount of shrinkage is in the allowed control range, thereby providing technical support and guarantee for smoothly realizing the Y-type ventilation of the working face with high content of methane and promoting the safety production in mine wells.

The invention relates to an anchor device, for stabilizing an excavation wall and to be inserted into a hole, bored in an excavation wall. Said anchor device comprises a rigid elongated rod which defines a distal end, to be inserted into the bored hole and a proximal end, opposed to the distal end, a support member, mounted on the rod in the vicinity of the proximal end thereof and provided for resting against an outer surface of the wall of rock and an anchor head, mounted on the rod and to be inserted into the hole, bored in the excavation wall. Said anchor head comprises a flexible expandable member, mounted on the rod, made of plastic and capable of radially expanding and stretching and an activating member, movably mounted on the rod, said activating member being capable of moving relative to the rigid rod and to the expandable member and capable of contacting the same in order to exert a pressure. For anchoring the anchor head into the excavation wall at the bored hole, the activating member and the expandable member are displaced relative to one another, such as to contact each other and to allow the activating member to exert a pressure upon the expandable member, in order to cause the radial expansion of at least one portion thereof, so that said portion of the expandable member makes frictional contact on a part of the inner surface, defining the hole bored in the excavation wall.

The present invention is anchor support method and one kind of sectional hollow grouted anchor and has the features of first early strengthening locking and then grouting protection and prestressing. The sectional hollow grouted anchor consists of two sections including front solid rod and back hollow rod connected via connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve has mortar blocking unit and hollow rod section has several centralizing units. There are side hole canal in the joint of the connecting sleeve and the hollow rod and hole canal in the support cushion for some pipe to pass through. The said anchor support method of the present invention is used for temporary and permanent fast support in both hard and weak rock formation conditions.

A geogrid using fiber-reinforced polymeric strips and its producing method are disclosed. The geogrid of a lattice shape includes plural longitudinal fiber-reinforced polymeric strips longitudinally arranged in parallel at regular intervals and formed by reinforcing fiber in a thermoplastic polymer resin, and plural lateral fiber-reinforced polymer strip laterally arranged in parallel at regular intervals and formed by reinforcing fiber in a thermoplastic polymer resin. Each longitudinal fiber-reinforced polymer strip has at lease one first contact point crossed with the lateral fiber-reinforced polymer strip on the upper surface and at least one second contact point crossed with the lateral fiber-reinforced polymer strips on the lower surface. The contact points are fixed by welding the longitudinal and lateral fiber-reinforced polymer strips. The geogrid is excellent in installation capacity, frictional feature and shape stabilisation and shows high tensile strength and low tensile strain and low creep deformation.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating large deformation and collapse of a softrock tunnel, which comprises the following steps: tunneling molding or enlarging a tunnel; primarily spraying the first layer of concrete, and hanging a side net and a top net at the first layer of concrete; arranging a constant-resistance large deformation rock bolt; multiply spraying the second layer of concrete; arranging a constant-resistance large deformation anchor cable on the top plate; digging and laying the first layer of base plate concrete; hanging a layer of backing screen on the first layer of base plate concrete, and arranging a base angle anchor rod at the base angle; laying the second layer of base plate concrete onto the grade level; setting a long-term ground pressure monitoring point, if the tunnel deforms to a certain preset valve, carrying out secondary support at the key position of the tunnel and carrying out pressurization and slip casting on surrounding rock. The invention can well ensure the stability of softrock tunnel under the condition of large deformation, in addition, the invention has the advantages of simple and practicable implement and lower cost.

The invention discloses a deep well tunnel cable anchor rigid-flexible coupling support and surrounding rock overall reinforced support method which is characterized by firstly excavating a tunnel according to the shape of cross section of the tunnel, and spraying concrete on the surface of surrounding rocks of the cross section formed by excavation; adopting a steel bar mesh and a high-strength prestressed anchor for supporting the surrounding rocks of the tunnel in time; implementing high-strength prestressed anchor cables at the center and two spandrels at the top part of the tunnel; re-spraying the concrete on the surface of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel; mounting a grouting anchor pipe on a top plate and two side surrounding rocks of the tunnel after the tunnel is excavated for 15-20d, and injecting cement slurry into fracture regions of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel; excavating a baseplate of the tunnel after the tunnel is excavated for 25-30d, mounting the grouting anchor pipe, injecting cement slurry liquid into a rock layer of the baseplate; and finally using the concrete to backfill the baseplate of the tunnel flat. The method can solve the problems of large deformation of the deep well tunnel and serious floor heave, avoid the repair work of the tunnel and have significant economic benefits.

The invention provides an intelligent fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) anchor rod, and belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring of geotechnical engineering. The intelligent FRP anchor rod is characterized in that the rod body is sequentially equipped with a fiber-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and an FRP wrapping layer from inside to outside, wherein the fiber-FBG sensor refers to a single-mode fiber in which one or more FBGs are written, or two parallel sensing fibers (including one common single-mode fiber and one single-mode fiber in which one or more FBGs are written). In the invention, the fiber-FBG sensor respectively transmits the sensed temperature or strain optical signals to a Raman optical time-domain reflectometry (ROTDR) demodulator, a Brillouin optical time-domainanalysis/reflectometry (BOTDA/R) demodulator and an FBG demodulator through optical switch connection and conversion. The intelligent FRP anchor rod has the beneficial effects that the embedded fiber-FBG sensor integrates test advantages of an ROTDR temperature measurement technology, a BOTDA/R test technology and an FBG test technology, thus improving reliability for long-term test of ambient temperature and strain state of the anchor rod.

A retaining element system is provided that improves face stability in poorer quality soils that are not suited to conventional soil nailing. The method includes inserting retaining elements substantially vertically into an earthen mass to shore the face of an excavation. The earthen mass can be any material or combination of materials, such as soil, clay or rock that requires excavation for the installation of a shoring wall. The plurality of retaining elements are placed side by side in a substantially linear arrangement. A plurality of soil nails are then inserted into the excavation plane, at the approximate midpoint between a pair of adjacent retaining elements. An exposed tip portion of each soil nail attaches to a wale, which is a substantially horizontal element that contacts a retaining element on both sides of each soil nail. The wale can be a beam, bracket, or a set of concrete reinforcement bars. The beam or bracket can either be a structural member, formed of steel or the like, or alternatively formed from a precast concrete. The concrete reinforcement bars can then receive a concrete fill to form a solid wale structure. Face stability is achieved with the pre-installed retaining elements, which with the wales provide complete facing support.

The invention discloses a fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle integrating processes of anchor net paving, anchor hole drilling, anchoring agent injecting and installing of anchor bolt, and relates to the field of coal mine downhole tunnel support. The fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle solves the existing problem of misalignment of digging and supporting caused by complicated process and low efficiency of tunnel support operation. The fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle is characterized by comprising a vehicle body, a self-walking mechanism, a temporary support mechanism, an anchor drilling automation device, and an anchor net storing and a conveying mechanism. The anchor net is grabbed and conveyed to a temporary support frame by the anchor net conveying mechanism from an anchor net storage vehicle, and is supported by the temporary support frame to complete the anchor net laying work; and the anchor drilling automation device realizes the left-right and up-down displacement by the double-acting hydraulic cylinder in a car body sliding slot, and the rotation of the anchor drilling automation device is realized by a swing motor. According to the fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle, the automatic laying of a back anchor net can be completed, mechanized support and automatic support of a top anchor rod and a side anchor rod can be realized, and the fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle is matched with tunneling equipment to realize the parallel operation of digging and supporting anchor.

The invention relates to an excavation construction method of an ultra-shallow buried uneven weathered stratum of a tunnel. A segmented step method is used for construction, and a tunnel section is divided into a left side of an upper station, a right side of the upper station, a middle station and a lower station; each segment of step is sequentially constructed circularly, one-time excavation length of each segment of step is not larger than 30m preferably, and a middle partition wall is changed into a straight wall from the traditional curved wall at the left side of the upper station. Thus, for the uneven weathered stratum in the shallow buried area of wall rocks, the dynamic construction method using the segmented step method has little process interference, reduces the construction cost, has simple operation, safety, reliability, less temporary support, low fund investment and high construction speed, is suitable for large machinery for construction, and ensures that the whole construction process is in a safe, stable, high-quality and high-speed controllable state.

The invention discloses an unmanned roadway driving and anchoring all-in-one machine. The unmanned roadway driving and anchoring all-in-one machine comprises a driving system, a conveying system, a temporary support system, an anchoring system, a driving all-in-one machine water system, a sensing system and an electrical control system. A feed moving roller at the connection portion between a shovel of the driving system and the front end of the conveying system can prevent feed clogging at the shovel and the front end of a scraper conveyor. The temporary support system is uniform in supporting, can move relative to the driving and anchoring all-in-one machine to achieve no-deferring synchronization of driving, supporting and anchoring and can be adapted to the round, uprightly oval, approximately oval or rectangular cross section of a roadway to be applicable to driving and supporting operations of roadways of a variety of ground pressure and directions. The sensing system and the electrical control system of the driving and anchoring all-in-one machine can effectively collect and process information such as, light, distance, humidity and gas and the electrical control system performs automatic or remote manual analysis so as to achieve unattended operations in the working process and greatly improve the safety factor of the operations.

The present invention discloses a rock bolt having a tendon (1, 201) which is able to yield and thereby control movement of unstable rock strata into which the bolt is installed. The tendon has a portion which is provided with a grout slippage mechanism, preferably in the form of a tube (8) which surrounds the tendon. A two part grout anchor (10, 100, 200) is clamped to the tendon. The grout anchor is embedded in grout and is therefore essentially immovable. The tendon passing through the anchor is worked and thereby dissipates energy. The tendon can be either a multi-strand cable (1) or a solid bar (200). Various forms of anchor (10, 200) are disclosed with either complementary recess(es) (14) and protrusion(s) (15) or opposed protrusions (115) which form pinch point(s). A one piece grout anchor (300) is also disclosed.

Disclosed are a prestressed drilling, anchoring and grouting anchor cable and a support method. The prestressed drilling, anchoring and grouting anchor cable comprises a hollow grouting anchor cable, a sleeve, a lock, a washer and a tray, the hollow grouting anchor cable is provided with a sleeve head, a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with an anchoring hole and a thread. The hollow grouting anchor cable drives the sleeve to drill holes and advances inwards through the thread in reverse rotation, a metal nail at the front end of the sleeve head punctures an anchoring agent package inside the sleeve, anchoring agents are mixed and then discharged through the anchoring hole in the sleeve, the gap between the sleeve and a drill hole wall is filled with the anchoring agents, and the anchoring function is achieved. An exhaust pipe is arranged in the anchor cable, the anchor cable is provided with a plurality of lantern-shaped grouting sections, and grout vent holes are formed in the lantern-shaped grouting sections. The prestressed drilling, anchoring and grouting anchor cable integrates drilling, exhausting, grouting and anchoring, the tail of the grouting anchor cable is firstly tensioned and fastened, grouting is then performed, an anchored body becomes reinforced pre-tightening force concrete, loose coal rocks are drilled, anchored, grouted and supported once, the problem that the anchor cable does not easily enter drilled holes in the loose coal rocks due to sticking and hole collapse is solved, the support strength of surrounding rocks of a roadway is enhanced, and the carrying capacity of a rock mass is improved. The prestressed drilling, anchoring and grouting anchor cable is simple in structure, low in cost, easy in construction and fine in support effect.

The invention discloses a supporting and reinforcing structure of a coal mine tunnel and a construction technology thereof. The supporting and reinforcing structure of the coal mine tunnel comprises a lane, wherein a grid-shaped reinforced layer is arranged on the inner wall of the lane, an anchor rod is arranged on the grid node portion of the reinforced layer, the inner end of the anchor rod is anchored in surrounding rock of the lane, and an anchor plate and a nut of the anchor reinforced layer are arranged at the outer end of the anchor rod. A concrete spraying layer covered on the reinforced layer and arranged at the outer end of the anchor rod is further arranged on the inner wall of the lane, a grouting anchor rod is arranged in the surrounding rock of the lane, an anchor cable is further arranged in the surrounding rock of the lane, the inner end of the anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock of the lane, and the outer end of the anchor cable is anchored on the outer side of the concrete spraying layer through a tray and a tensioning lock. The supporting and reinforcing structure of the coal mine tunnel integrates the surrounding rock of the lane in cementing mode with the initiative supporting theory as the guidance, prestress is reserved in the rock body, and stress is released and superimposed slowly, so that self integral strength and stability of soft rock and coal body are improved, the surrounding rock in a release ring of the lane can form a structure relatively homogenous and stable, and the aim of reinforcing and protecting the soft rock lane can be achieved within a long time.

The invention provides an abdicating buffer energy-absorbing shock-proof anchor rod cable for a coal mine and belongs to the technical field of coal mine support safety. The anchor rod cable provided by the invention comprises pre-tightening nuts, a tray, an abdicating buffer energy-absorbing device, a backing plate, a slurry stop plug, a high-strength twisted steel anchor rod, an abdicating joint sleeve, a stranded wire anchor cable and a anchor cable cap, wherein the abdication jointing sleeve comprises an anchor cable joint sleeve, an anchor rod joint sleeve, a wedge-shaped cushion block, a anchor cable end part stripping-prevention protective sleeve, a rubber sleeve and an installation nut, the abdication buffer energy-absorbing device is of a thin wall tubular structure with folding grains and comprises an outer cylinder and a locating sleeve; the slurry stop plug, the backing plate, the abdication buffer energy-absorbing device and the tray are sequentially sleeved on the front end of the rod body of the high-strength twisted steel anchor rod and are fastened by virtue of the pretensioning nuts; the anchor cable joint sleeve and the anchor rod joint sleeve are connected through threads; the anchor rod joint sleeve is sleeved at the tail end of the high-strength twisted steel anchor rod and is connected with the stranded wire anchor cable by virtue of the wedge-shaped cushion block.

The invention relates to a fishbone-shaped anchor rod. The fishbone-shaped anchor rod comprises an anchor head, an anchor rod body and a sleeve pipe. A movable conical propelling body is arranged in the anchor head and connected to the front end of the anchor rod body through a thread. The anchor head is connected to the front end of the sleeve pipe through a thread. Spine holes are evenly distributed in the anchor head and internally provided with short-rod-shaped anchor head bore spines. Two or more pairs of fishbone-shaped blade mechanisms are evenly distributed on the anchor rod body. Each blade mechanism comprises blades and a clamp. When the fishbone-shaped anchor rod is not used, the blades are folded, abut against the anchor rod body and are located in the sleeve pipe. When the fishbone-shaped anchor rod is used, a roof bolter rotates forwards, and the fishbone-shaped anchor rod is drilled into rock soil. Pressure is exerted on the rear end of the anchor rod body, the propelling body in the anchor head extrudes the anchor head bore spines out of the anchor head, and the anchor head bore spines are embedded in a rock soil body. The roof bolter rotates reversely till the sleeve pipe is separated from the anchor head. Then, outward pull force is provided for the anchor rod body till the blades evenly distributed on the anchor rod body are in a completely unfolded state. Finally, a grouting machine is aligned with the anchor rod body and pours cement paste into the anchor rod body till a cavity between the anchor rod body and the rock soil body is completely filled. Then, installation of the anchor rod body is finished.

The present invention relates to rock bolts which may be used in mining applications. The rock bolt of this invention includes a mechanical anchoring arrangement to facilitate retaining the rock bolt in a borehole, and also a drill bit to enable self drilling of the rock bolt. Rotation of the rock bolt about an axis of the rock bolt in a first direction causes the drill bit to drill into rock and to create a borehole to receive the rock bolt. Subsequently, rotation in the opposite direction actuates a mechanical anchoring arrangement to anchor rock bolt.