1653results about "Anchoring bolts" patented technology

The invention provides a deep coal seam roadway surrounding rock stability intelligent early warning method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine dynamic disaster prevention and control. According to the intelligent early warning method for the stability of the surrounding rock of the deep coal seam roadway, a basic sample library is constructed through a dynamic and static combined loading rock test; synchronously collecting field surrounding rock static stress and micro-seismic data and carrying out time sequence polymerization; constructing an equivalent dynamic and static combined stress index based on a dynamic and static load superposition principle, and forming a seismic-force coupling feature vector; establishing an LSTM early warning model, adopting a transfer learning strategy, pre-training by using laboratory data, and then performing fine tuning by using field data; inputting the real-time feature vector into a model and outputting an instability probability; and verifying and correcting the probability based on actual deformation data of the surrounding rock, and applying a missing report sample to online incremental updating of the model. According to the method, the dynamic and static load coupling effect is quantified, the difficulty of small sample training is overcome, and accurate and self-adaptive early warning of the deep roadway surrounding rock instability risk is realized through a physical feedback closed-loop correction mechanism.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method for a large deformation section of soft rock, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction for the large deformation section of the soft rock, and the tunnel construction method for the large deformation section of the soft rock comprises the following steps: drilling shallow large-aperture stress release holes and deep small-aperture stress release holes to form a layered release system; differential pressure grouting is conducted around the stress release holes, and a deep reinforcing ring and a shallow coupling ring are formed; a steel frame is erected, and a three-stage stretching locking bottom supporting assembly is installed to form a closed supporting ring; the bottoms of the adjacent steel frames are crossly connected through prestressed pull rods to form an integral rigid grid; a secondary lining is constructed after the longitudinal attenuation conduction period is judged according to the surrounding rock deformation spatial-temporal characteristics; inverted arch first and then arch wall segmented pouring is adopted, and a delayed expanding agent is doped into arch wall concrete. The method can effectively control surrounding rock deformation in the tunnel construction process of the large deformation section of the soft rock, improves the overall rigidity and stability of a supporting system, ensures that the lining is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, and reduces the construction risk.

The invention discloses a kilometer deep well roadway toughness regulation and control supporting system and a dynamic design method, and belongs to the field of deep well roadway supporting. The supporting system comprises a multi-layer collaborative structure and an intelligent regulation and control module, the multi-layer collaborative structure sequentially comprises a shape memory alloy energy absorption layer used for resisting impact loads and a gradient pore foam metal buffer layer used for energy grading dissipation from inside to outside, and the multi-layer collaborative structure is connected with roadway surrounding rock in an anchoring mode through an anchor rod anchoring structure; the intelligent regulation and control module comprises a distributed optical fiber sensor array used for monitoring surrounding environment signals of surrounding rock in real time, an electrostriction driver used for regulating and controlling the rigidity of the multi-layer cooperative structure and a multi-channel data fusion terminal used for achieving underground and surface data transmission synchronization. By the adoption of the kilometer deep well roadway toughness regulation and control supporting system and the dynamic design method, the problems that a traditional supporting mode is too high in material rigidity, lacks dynamic regulation and control capacity and is insufficient in impact toughness can be solved.

The invention discloses an invasion limit surrounding rock excavation method for a large deformation section of soft rock, and relates to the technical field of invasion limit surrounding rock excavation construction for the large deformation section of the soft rock. The invasion limit surrounding rock excavation method for the large deformation section of the soft rock comprises the steps that refined partitioning of an invasion limit body is achieved through dense scanning and loose circle testing; dividing the invasion limiting body into a core pressure-bearing area and a peripheral stress relaxation area; a main stress diversion arch crossing an invasion limit section is constructed through full-ring radial grouting reinforcement and erection of a strong profile steel temporary cover arch, and effective stress transfer is achieved; the mode of subarea gradual type dismantling and chiseling and instant supporting is adopted, a peripheral stress relaxation area is treated firstly, then a core pressure-bearing area is treated, and surrounding rock disturbance is reduced; the circumferential stress equalization is realized by compensating grouting in stages and dynamically adjusting the grouting pressure according to real-time monitoring data. According to the method, the excavation construction safety of the invasion limit surrounding rock of the large deformation section of the soft rock can be improved, surrounding rock disturbance is reduced, stress distribution is optimized, and the treatment efficiency of the invasion limit surrounding rock is improved.

An anchor rod mounting trolley belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprises a movable chassis, a grouting system and an operation system. The operating system comprises a working arm, a hanging basket device and a propelling device; the grouting system and the working arm are both installed on the movable chassis, the hanging basket device is installed on the working arm, and the propelling device is installed on the hanging basket device. The grouting system is used for injecting grout into an anchor rod hole; the working arm is used for adjusting the positions of the hanging basket device and the propelling device relative to the anchor rod hole; and the propelling device is used for inserting the anchor rod body into the grouted anchor rod hole. The mechanical degree can be improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a soft rock waterproof layer construction method for a soft rock large-deformation section tunnel, and relates to the technical field of soft rock waterproof layer construction of the soft rock large-deformation section tunnel. The construction method of the soft rock waterproof layer for the tunnel at the large deformation section of the soft rock comprises the steps that a sprayed concrete layer is constructed, a full-ring-shaped steel arch frame is erected, system anchor rods are constructed, concrete is sprayed again after full-length grouting is conducted, and a primary supporting layer containing a grouting reinforcing ring is formed; locking anchor pipe grouting is carried out on the arch springing part to form a local reinforced waterproof bearing body; based on deformation monitoring data, dynamic judgment is carried out, and radial reinforcing grouting is carried out on the obvious deformation part; and after deformation is stable, a waterproof layer is laid, a secondary lining is poured, and a composite waterproof system is formed. The waterproof reliability and the structural durability of the soft rock waterproof layer of the tunnel at the large deformation section of the soft rock can be improved.

The utility model provides an anchor rod for mining engineering, which relates to the technical field of anchor rods and comprises an anchor rod body, a cushion block and a tray are sleeved on the surface of the anchor rod body, a nut is in threaded connection with the arc surface of the anchor rod body, and a reinforcing device is arranged on the surface of the tray. The reinforcing device forms certain connection on adjacent anchor rod bodies installed on the surface of a rock mass through adjusting plates, the reinforcing device comprises a connecting plate, the two sides of the surface of the connecting plate are slidably connected with the adjusting plates correspondingly, and a plurality of evenly-distributed clamping grooves are formed in the surface of the connecting plate; an installation shaft is rotatably arranged on the surface of one side of the adjusting plate, the installation shaft is fixedly connected with the surfaces of the trays, and rotating shafts are installed on the two sides of the surface of the adjusting plate respectively. The use effect and functionality of the anchor rod are improved, and the application range of the anchor rod is widened.

The invention discloses a multifunctional all-in-one unit for drilling and blasting method construction and a construction technology, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, the multifunctional all-in-one unit comprises a rack assembly, a left drilling arch arm frame, a left drilling arm frame, a vertical arch arm frame, a right drilling arm frame, a right drilling arch arm frame, a guniting arm frame, a pumping system, a hydraulic system and an electrical system; a vertical arch module of the left drilling arch arm frame, a vertical arch module of the vertical arch arm frame and a vertical arch of the right drilling arch arm frame snatch a left arch frame, a middle arch frame and a right arch frame to carry out arch erecting and mesh welding operation; a charging hanging basket is arranged at the front end of the rack assembly; the rock drilling modules of the left drilling arch arm frame and the right drilling arch arm frame work independently or cooperatively in cooperation with the left drilling arm frame and the right drilling arm frame and are used for drilling anchor rod holes and blast holes. According to the invention, multiple functions such as drilling of blast holes, charging of a hanging basket, blasting, erecting of meshes, anchor rod operation, guniting and the like can be integrated, parallel working procedures or seamless connection of the working procedures can be realized, and the construction progress can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses a deep mine rockburst risk dynamic assessment and active prevention and control system, and relates to the technical field of rockburst risk assessment and prevention and control. Comprising a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a dynamic evaluation module, an active prevention and control decision module, a prevention and control execution module, a system monitoring and feedback module and a data storage and authority management module, is interacted through a mining intrinsic safety type communication network, adapts to underground working conditions and supports 24-hour operation; the data acquisition module deploys multiple types of monitoring equipment, and dynamically adjusts frequency encryption transmission; the preprocessing module filters noise and interpolates to ensure data integrity; the dynamic evaluation module updates the risk level in combination with indexes and algorithms; the decision-making module matches the prevention and control scheme and needs to be audited; the execution module is in butt joint with equipment control parameters; the monitoring module measures the state calculation effect; and the storage and authority module performs dual-backup, and performs hierarchical authorization trace leaving. According to the method, the problems of lag and low efficiency of traditional rockburst prevention and control are solved, evaluation accuracy and prevention and control efficiency are improved, risk closed-loop management is realized, safety and cost are balanced, and mining safety is guaranteed.

The invention discloses an anchor rod and grouting combined reinforcement control method for surrounding rock of an argillaceous weak cemented roadway, relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and solves the problems of poor anchoring performance of an anchor rod, insufficient grouting pertinence and poor grouting and anchoring collaboration in the prior art. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that grouting and supporting parameter collaborative design is conducted; after roadway tunneling, full-section concrete spraying sealing is immediately carried out; deep and shallow hole step-by-step differential grouting is conducted, shallow hole low-pressure permeation is conducted firstly to form a shallow reinforcing ring, and then deep hole high-pressure splitting is conducted to form a deep reinforcing area; and finally, high-pretightening-force anchor rods (cables) are installed to form a cooperative bearing body. The reinforcing ring layer with the reasonable strength gradient is formed, efficient cooperation of surrounding rock modification and active supporting is achieved, and the supporting reliability and the overall stability of surrounding rock are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a spiral ground pile group anchoring system and method based on force decomposition synergy. The system comprises two spiral ground piles, an auxiliary mooring rope with the two ends connected with the ground piles and a main cable arranged between the auxiliary mooring rope. When the main cable is pulled, the auxiliary cable is forced to form a break angle by tensile force, and the two ground piles are mutually tensioned by horizontal component force generated by decomposition of the tensile force, so that a soil body between the piles is powerfully compacted. The compacted soil forms high-strength constraint, the uplift bearing capacity of the whole system is remarkably improved, and the synergistic purpose of '1 + 1gt, 2' is achieved. The device is simple in structure, low in cost, remarkable in synergism and particularly suitable for being matched with a double-head pile driver (a full-electric unmanned multi-foot double-head reverse spiral ground pile driver used in a low-adhesion environment and a cooperative control method thereof 2025120033595) to achieve rapid deployment.

The invention relates to the technical field of ground stress testing, in particular to anchor rod equipment for testing ground stress of an underground chamber, an anchoring body is arranged at the bottom of an anchor hole, and anchoring surfaces are arranged on two opposite sides of the anchoring body so as to directionally extrude surrounding rock outside the chamber through the anchoring surfaces to obtain anchoring stress of the chamber in a set direction; the two ends of the anchor rod are connected with the anchoring body and the load piece through threaded connection structures correspondingly. The loading part is arranged at the hole opening of the anchor hole, the drawing device and the stress meter are arranged between the loading part and the hole opening of the anchor hole, the anchoring faces are arranged on the two sides of the anchoring body, the interaction between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock when the anchor rod is drawn in the rock mass is converted into different drawing forces, and then the ground stress of the surrounding rock of the chamber in a certain direction can be obtained. Therefore, the ground stress direction and size of the surrounding rock of the underground chamber are tested.

The invention discloses automatic grouting equipment for rock anchor rod foundation construction, and relates to the technical field of automatic grouting equipment, the automatic grouting equipment comprises a grouting pipe, a grouting connector and a grouting stopping mechanism, the grouting connector comprises a front connector and a rear connector which are detachably connected, the front connector is in butt joint with a rock anchor rod, and the rear connector is communicated with the grouting pipe; the grout stopping mechanism comprises a plugging piece and a sliding cylinder, the plugging piece comprises a sleeve and a concentric pipe coaxially and rotatably connected to the sleeve, and a plurality of first petal bodies distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected between the sleeve and the front connector; according to the automatic grouting equipment for rock anchor rod foundation construction, a rear connector is rotated through threads to be detached from a front connector, in the detaching process, a sliding barrel can be driven to move along the axis of a sleeve, and a concentric pipe rotates by a certain angle through a spiral sliding structure; and the overlapping station of each second petal body and each first petal body moves to the blocking station of each second petal body blocking each flow port one by one.

The invention discloses a vertical shaft and inclined shaft non-blasting excavation construction method and a working platform. A guide shaft space is constructed through mutual cooperation of a forward drilling machine and a raise boring machine; measuring and setting out the section, determining the construction footage, and generating drilling coordinates according to the geometrical relationship between the pilot well space and the tunnel face; according to a preset rule, splitting hole sites of a staggered hole net are arranged on the outer edge and the interior of the section; according to the drilling coordinates and the splitting hole positions, splitting the rock mass through a splitting rod according to preset parameters; collecting and obtaining hole periphery convergence data in real time, and correcting the construction footage according to the data feedback; collecting the slag charge of the tunnel face to a guide well mouth through mechanical slagging-off operation, and sliding the slag through the guide well; and carrying out primary support and updating support parameters in real time, and entering the next cycle footage after updating is completed. The requirements for low disturbance, early supporting, high safety and high efficiency can be met, adaptation to complex working conditions is achieved through unmanned and remote centralized control, and therefore the construction requirements under the complex working conditions are met.

The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support, and particularly relates to roadway drilling and anchoring equipment which comprises a crawler, a lifting arm is arranged on the crawler, a base is arranged on the lifting arm, a rotating mechanism is arranged on the base, a drilling device and an anchor rod filling device are arranged on the rotating mechanism, and the anchor rod filling device is arranged on the drilling device. The anchor rod filling device comprises an anchor rod switching mechanism and an anchor rod inserting mechanism, the anchor rod switching mechanism is arranged above the anchor rod inserting mechanism, and the anchor rod inserting mechanism is used for sequentially inserting anchor rods provided by the anchor rod switching mechanism into drill holes. The drilling, anchor rod supplying, inserting and supporting functions are integrated, and coherent operation is achieved through a hydraulic motor, threaded rod transmission and an automatic control system. Automatic anchor rod supply is achieved, anchor rod insertion is completed through the ejector rod pushing mechanism, manual intervention and procedure connection time are shortened, and the supporting efficiency is improved; the equipment can be compatible with anchor rods of different specifications, the application range is expanded, and the multi-scene requirement is met.

The present disclosure relates to a method for assessing injection of a fluid into a borehole (11) defined by a borehole wall (12) extending into a body (10), the method comprising: - initiating (S1) the injection of the fluid into the borehole (11) using a fluid injection arrangement, - detecting (S2) fluid outside the borehole (11) and the fluid injection arrangement (20) using a detection device (30), and - on the basis of at least one of the following: - a detected position of the detected fluid outside the borehole (11) and the fluid injection arrangement (20), - an injection volume of the fluid, and - a time lapse (TL) from the time of initiation of fluid injection into the borehole (11) to the time of fluid detection outside the borehole (11) and the fluid injection arrangement (20), assessing (S3) the injection of fluid.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and discloses an assembly type corrugated steel plate preliminary bracing structure for a vertical shaft, which comprises an assembly type corrugated steel plate layer and a plurality of anchor rods, the assembly type corrugated steel plate layer is formed by splicing a plurality of corrugated steel plate units, and one end of each anchor rod is fixed on surrounding rock. The other end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with the corrugated steel plate unit, and a grouting layer is filled between the assembly type corrugated steel plate layer and the surrounding rock, so that the complex links of material field processing, layered concrete spraying and the like are reduced, and the construction process is greatly simplified; in terms of construction pollution, a large amount of dust generated by sprayed concrete is avoided, the construction environment is improved, the corrugated steel plate layer cooperates with the anchor rod, the grouting layer, the reinforcing mesh and the like to form a stable supporting system, the arc-shaped corrugated steel plate body is attached to the surrounding rock, the zinc coating enhances corrosion resistance, and the foam pad improves the durability of the structure. The tunnel supporting target which is efficient, environmentally friendly, economical, stable and reliable is achieved on the whole.

The utility model discloses an expansion type anchor disc, which belongs to the technical field of anchoring devices and comprises an anchor rod, a sliding cylinder is sleeved on the anchor rod, and a handle is rotatably arranged at the top end of the anchor rod. According to the unfolding type anchor disc, the limiting piece is driven to rotate integrally by screwing the handle, so that the limiting piece is aligned with the sliding groove formed in the groove in the limiting ring, the limiting ring is separated from the limiting piece in an abutting and limiting mode, and therefore the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod parallel to the first supporting rod can be driven to rotate and unfold along with the first supporting rod; the supporting column rotationally connected with the end part of the second supporting rod and the anchor disc blade are unfolded, so that the subsequent anchoring and locking operation is convenient to carry out; as the overall expansion of the anchor plate blade is completely driven by the elasticity of the spring instead of depending on the gravity of the anchor plate blade, the anchor plate blade can be completely expanded without being influenced when the anchor plate blade is used in a non-vertical state, so that the supporting effect and the stability in the anchoring process are kept, the smoothness of the construction process is kept, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced. And the construction cost and time are reduced.

The invention provides a repairable lining structure for a tunnel to pass through an active fault and a construction method of the repairable lining structure, belongs to the technical field of tunnel lining structures, and solves the problem that a lining structure for the tunnel to pass through the active fault is difficult to repair in waterproof and drainage. The primary supporting layer comprises sprayed concrete and anchor rods, the buffering energy dissipation layer comprises an outer side energy dissipation filling layer and an inner side elastic buffering layer (having the waterproof plate function), the repairable secondary lining layer is of a sectional structure, and a repairing channel is formed between every two adjacent lining sections. The lining structure provided by the invention has strong anti-dislocation performance and convenient repairability, the waterproof and drainage system and the like can be quickly repaired without dismantling an original main body structure after fault dislocation, meanwhile, the long-term operation safety of the structure is guaranteed, and the lining structure has important significance for improving the durability of tunnel engineering and reducing the maintenance difficulty of the tunnel engineering.

The present application belongs to the field of coal mine roadway construction, and particularly relates to a method for self-forming a roadway by top cutting at a negative angle. The method comprises the following steps: drilling a field in front of a working face and close to a right side of a mining roadway; drilling anchor holes and top cutting holes along a strike and staggered construction, and installing grouting anchor cables in the field; cutting the basic roof and the immediate roof at a negative angle through the top cutting holes at the back of the working face, constructing a roadway-side gangue retaining structure, grouting through the grouting anchor cables and anchoring the grouting anchor cables on the roadway-side gangue retaining structure; and monitoring the deformation of the steel mesh at the grouting anchor cable and adjusting through a nut. The present application can ensure that the construction position of the roadway-side gangue retaining structure does not affect the width of the self-supporting roadway and the integrity of the roof by constructing a field of a certain width in advance. The negative angle top cutting holes can cut a section that is deviated to the direction of the goaf, so that the gangue formed by the collapse of the immediate roof moves to the direction of the goaf and does not move to the mining roadway in large quantities, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction in the mining roadway.

The digging and anchoring integrated equipment comprises a machine body, an anchoring device and a temporary supporting device, the anchoring device comprises a working table and a first anchoring and protecting assembly, the working table is arranged on the machine body and can move relative to the machine body in the length direction of the machine body, and the first anchoring and protecting assembly is rotationally connected to the working table in the length direction of the machine body; the temporary supporting device comprises a supporting frame and a sliding top plate, the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the machine body, and a first driver is arranged between the supporting frame and the machine body and used for driving the supporting frame to rotate around the width direction of the machine body relative to the machine body; the sliding top plate is slidably connected with the supporting frame, a second driver is arranged between the supporting frame and the sliding top plate, and the second driver is used for driving the sliding top plate to move towards the roadway head-on direction relative to the supporting frame so as to form advanced temporary supporting. According to the invention, zero empty roof can be realized, integrated and automatic operation of roadway tunneling and anchoring operation is completed, and the construction efficiency and quality are greatly improved.

The invention discloses a fuzzy neural network-based intelligent tension control method and system for a plateau tunnel pre-stressed anchor rod, and the system is characterized in that a free section of the anchor rod is sleeved with a negative Poisson ratio outer sleeve, a magneto-rheological regulation and control cavity is formed in the anchor rod, magneto-rheological fluid is injected into the magneto-rheological regulation and control cavity, and a friction power generation-sensing assembly is mounted at the tail end of the anchor rod; therefore, the anchor rod unit integrating friction increase along with the load, adjustable damping and self-energized sensing is formed. In the tensioning process, the friction power generation-sensing assembly is used for measuring the elongation of the anchor rod and providing self-powered energy, the pressure of a magneto-rheological regulation and control cavity and the displacement of a piston are collected, a state vector containing design prestress, the elongation, equivalent damping force and environment vibration indexes is constructed and input into a fuzzy neural network controller, and the state vector is calculated. The expansion amount of the hydraulic jack and the current of the electromagnetic coil are output, and intelligent application, dynamic compensation and long-term monitoring of prestress of the anchor rod group are achieved. Self-sensing, self-adaptive adjustment and active friction increasing of the pre-stressed anchor rod group can be achieved without an external power source.

The invention provides a high-quality cross-boundary continuous grading support system suitable for a soft coal rock roadway in a complex environment, which relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway support and comprises a first-stage foundation support system, a second-stage reinforced support system and an intelligent monitoring system, the first-stage foundation support system, the second-stage foundation support system and the third-stage foundation support system cooperate with one another to achieve continuous graded support and long-time stable control of roadway surrounding rock, and the first-stage foundation support system is used for achieving surrounding rock shallow constraint, preliminary stress release and preliminary rock mass consolidation; through continuous cooperative control of first-stage foundation support and second-stage reinforced support and application of a novel support material, rheological and swelling deformation of surrounding rock can be effectively restrained, and practical application verifies that side deformation and top deformation of a roadway are reduced, and the bulging amount of a bottom plate is controlled within safety limit values; through the design of lagging grouting full anchoring and collaborative anchoring, fractured rock mass is effectively consolidated and repaired, the stress concentration degree of surrounding rock is improved, and the problem that an existing support is poor in long-term stability is solved.

The invention discloses a constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor cable and an application method thereof. The constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor cable comprises an anchor cable body, a tray, a shrinkage sleeve, a yielding pipe and a lock. One end of the anchor cable is anchored in the rock mass, and the other end of the anchor cable penetrates through the yielding pipe and is fixed with the lock; the tray abuts against the rock wall. And the inner end of the shrinkage sleeve penetrates through the tray and is arranged in the rock mass. The yielding pipe comprises a cylindrical pipe section, and the yielding pipe shrinks and deforms in the shrinkage sleeve in the radial direction. A spiral structure is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe section, the spiral direction of the spiral structure is opposite to that of the anchor cable, and the spiral structure and the anchor cable form a bidirectional torque balance structure. The rear end of the cylindrical pipe section abuts against the lock. The spiral structure is arranged on the yielding pipe, the yielding pipe generates torsion opposite to the anchor cable in the extrusion deformation process in the shrinkage sleeve, the opposite twisting directions of the yielding pipe and the anchor cable can counteract rotation torque, and stable extrusion deformation of the yielding pipe in the shrinkage sleeve is achieved.

The invention provides an efficient grouting device for coal mine fault grouting, which is applied to the technical field of grouting anchor rods, and comprises a rod body, a rod head, a rod tail, a clamping end and a grouting channel formed in the rod body, the rod head, the rod tail and the clamping end in a penetrating manner, and a column core is inserted into the grouting channel formed in the rod body, the rod head and the rod tail; the clamping end and the column core are synchronously clamped and connected in the drilling process, so that rotating power in the drilling process of the device can be provided by the column core, the structural strength of the device in the drilling process is effectively guaranteed, the wall thicknesses of the rod body, the rod head and the rod tail can be properly reduced, the caliber of a grouting channel is greatly increased, and the grouting quality is improved. The grouting efficiency of the device can be effectively improved when the grouting channel is used for grouting, and efficient coal mine fault grouting construction can be achieved conveniently.

The present application relates to a kind of large section deep soft rock tunnel combined support system and construction method, the present application is combined with elastic shell theory and equivalent section method, a steel arch frame-grating combined support mode suitable for deep large section soft rock tunnel is proposed, the support rigidity of simply using steel arch frame or grid steel frame is overcome or supported, the disadvantage of lower in long-term large deformation unfavorable surrounding rock stability and deformation control, solve the problem that the stress of existing support structure is larger, the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rock cannot be fully exerted, cause material waste is serious, the safety factor of support structure is low, difficult to guarantee the stability of tunnel, and provide a simple and practical construction method for tunnel excavation and support.

The invention discloses a tunnel adaptive support system and a support parameter dynamic optimization method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, obtaining the deformation data and displacement data of surrounding rock and the pressure in a bag of a bag type support unit in real time, and forming a corresponding monitoring data time sequence; and then, inputting the monitoring data time sequence into a deformation prediction model which is learned through a global deformation rule in advance, and predicting the deformation of the surrounding rock in the future in advance through the deformation prediction model. And finally, the predicted deformation amount and the current deformation amount of the surrounding rock, the prestress of the SMA anchor rods and the pressure in the bag of the bag type supporting unit serve as state spaces, the bag body pressure of the bag type supporting unit and the current of the SMA anchor rods are dynamically regulated and controlled through a PPO reinforcement learning algorithm, phase change of the SMA anchor rods is triggered to compensate for creep displacement of the surrounding rock, and convergence deformation of the surrounding rock is effectively restrained. Therefore, 'monitoring-prediction-regulation 'closed-loop management of the support system is realized, and the defects of lagging response and poor generalization of a traditional method are overcome.

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction equipment, in particular to a grout stopping bag structure for grouting in anchor cable construction, which comprises a grout stopping ring, an anchor passing pipe which penetrates through the grout stopping ring and is coaxial with the grout stopping ring is fixedly mounted on the grout stopping ring, and a grout filling cavity is formed by the anchor passing pipe and an inner cavity of the grout stopping ring. According to the grouting stopping bag structure for anchor cable construction grouting, along with filling of mortar in the mortar filling containing cavity above the piston disc, the piston disc slides downwards along the anchor passing pipe, so that the piston disc is driven to abut against the expansion supporting rod downwards, the other end of the expansion supporting rod is made to externally support the rubber ring face, surrounding gaps and holes are blocked, and the purpose of stopping grout leakage is achieved; and the outer ring wall of the rubber ring surface is wound with a plurality of high-density sponge strips, so that the high-density sponge strips can quickly absorb water to swell and increase the volume when the rubber ring surface is in contact with water in the slurry or in a humid environment, thereby blocking surrounding gaps and holes, and further achieving the aim of stopping the slurry.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a gob-side entry driving coal pillar unilateral operation self-anchoring opposite-penetrating anchor cable device and an anchoring method thereof, relates to the technical field of coal pillar anchoring, and can effectively solve the problem that an upper section goaf of a coal pillar is closed, construction is only performed on one side of a lower section, and opposite-penetrating anchor cable fixing and supporting cannot be achieved. The safety and the stability of the gob-side roadway are improved; the anchor cable device comprises an anchor cable body, a self-anchoring device is arranged at one end of the anchor cable body, and an anchor cable fastening device is arranged at the other end of the anchor cable body. The self-anchoring device comprises a self-locking device, the self-locking device comprises a self-locking device main rod, one end of the self-locking device main rod is connected with the push plate, the other end of the self-locking device main rod penetrates through a hollow hinge base hinged to a steel plate set, and a self-locking mechanism is arranged on the self-locking device. One end of the push plate is connected with the self-locking device main rod; the opposite sides of the steel plates in the steel plate group surround the self-locking device main rod; the steel plate set, the push plate and the hinged base form a containing cavity, and an anchoring agent is contained in the containing cavity.