4696results about "Anchoring bolts" patented technology

The invention discloses a deep water-rich weak-impact coal seam surrounding rock control method based on rapid tunneling, and relates to the technical field of surrounding rock control. The method comprises the steps that S1, a high-risk area is identified through address detection, a waterproof curtain is constructed, and the tunneling disturbance risk is reduced; s2, rapid tunneling and instant supporting are conducted, the surrounding rock exposure time is shortened, tunneling and supporting are completed synchronously, and deformation development is restrained; s3, sensing a surrounding rock-support response in real time, optimizing parameters and early warning risks, and realizing dynamic monitoring and feedback regulation and control; s4, later-stage continuous reinforcement maintenance is conducted, so that the roadway adapts to the rheological characteristics of deep surrounding rock, and the service cycle of the roadway is prolonged; according to the method, a high-risk area is identified through various detection technologies, and instant supporting is achieved through cutting process optimization and digging and supporting collaborative operation; real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback are achieved, and automatic optimization of supporting parameters is achieved; and later reinforcement and periodic maintenance are adopted to ensure that the surrounding rock supporting system can adapt to the rheological characteristics of deep surrounding rock for a long time.

According to the drilling, sealing and injecting integrated anchor rod drilling intelligent monitoring system and method, a rod body is sequentially provided with a head-section wave-shaped threaded section, a middle-section large threaded section and a tail-section wave-shaped threaded section from the head end to the tail end, and a grouting channel is formed in the axis of the rod body; the drill bit and the round nut are respectively mounted at the head and tail ends of the rod body; the anti-shearing tray, the constant-torque pressing sheet and the hexagon nut are arranged on the outer side of the tail-section wave-shaped thread section in a sleeving manner; the built-in mixer is inserted into the grouting channel; the drilling machine is connected with the drilling, sealing and injecting anchor rod through a monitoring sensor arranged outside the hexagon nut in a sleeving mode. A strain type force sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a high-frequency vibration sensor, a well deviation instrument and a load sensor are arranged in the monitoring sensor. The method comprises the steps that a drilling machine rotates forwards to drive a drill bit to conduct drilling operation, deslagging operation is conducted synchronously, and in the drilling process, various sensors are used for collecting various parameters in real time; pre-tightening is conducted through reverse rotation of the drilling machine; a built-in mixer is used for grouting operation; and blocking treatment. According to the system and the method, the operation process can be intelligently monitored.

Provided in the present invention is a construction method for a karst tunnel to extend through a karst cave. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) excavation expansion and support for a karst cave; (2) dredging of the base of the karst cave, and backfilling; (3) inverted-arch and filling construction; (4) water-stop wall construction, and concrete backfilling on two sides; (5) initial support construction; (6) initial-support top backfilling and waterproof-layer construction; (7) secondary-lining waterproofing and drainage construction; (8) mounting and debugging of a water pressure monitoring system; and (9) implementation of a monitoring and early-warning scheme. The construction method is suitable for engineering in unfavorable geological conditions, for example, a water-rich karst tunnel extending through large underground karst caves, karst troughs and underground rivers. In the construction method, the operation difficulty of the steps is relatively low, the construction quality is controllable, there are few construction blind areas, and the safety of construction is relatively high; the initial runoff balance of karst cave underground water can be maintained, and thus the surrounding ecological environment can be protected to the maximum extent.

The invention relates to the field of coal mine underground roadway supporting processes, and discloses a roadway supporting process for regional high-stress discrete solidification. The method comprises the steps of geological exploration and stress testing, roadway support processing, support sorting, parameter determination and real-time monitoring and feedback, in the roadway support processing, a stress data processing module is constructed, stress data around a roadway are discretized into a plurality of area units, support sorting is conducted on the area units, and the roadway support processing module is constructed; and the high-stress area and the secondary high-stress area are sequentially subjected to supporting construction, parameters of anchor rods and anchor cables are determined before supporting construction, and the supporting effect is ensured. According to the roadway supporting method suitable for regional high-stress discrete solidification, the stability of the roadway is enhanced, the service life is prolonged, and the safety is improved by perfecting the supporting process.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of anchor protection apparatuses. Provided is an automatic anchor protection platform having combined support of anchor rods and anchor cables. The automatic anchor protection platform comprises a movable chassis, a multi-cycle anchor rod drilling rig, an anchor rod drilling rig posture positioning control device, an anchor cable support device, a temporary support device, an electrical system and a hydraulic system. Said automatic anchor protection platform integrates the multi-circle anchor rod drilling rig, the anchor cable support device and the temporary support device, and therefore meets the anchoring and support requirements of roadways under different geological conditions, allows anchor rod and anchor cable parallel support operations to be conducted at the same time, and achieves efficient coordinating matching linkage integrated design, thus further promoting efficient operation processes in limited spaces such as coal mines and tunnels.

A flexible hollow anchor rod allowing for digital monitoring, and a construction method. In the anchor rod, a flexible hollow rod body (1) is formed by a hollow steel pipe (1.2c) and a steel strand (1.2); a hollow anti-torsion sleeve (1.1) sleeves a left end of the flexible hollow rod body (1) by means of a friction increase wire spring (1.3); a slurry stop plug (1.5) is mounted at an end portion of the hollow anti-torsion sleeve (1.1); a centering locator (1.6) sleeves a right end of the flexible hollow rod body (1); a hole sealing sleeve (2) sleeves an outer side of the hollow anti-torsion sleeve (1.1); an anti-torsion tray (3) consists of a central tray body (3.1) and four stop columns (3.2) and sleeves a left end of an anti-torsion connecting section; and a fiber grating sensor (8) is arranged at an outer side of the rod body. The construction method comprises: drilling a stepped hole in rock mass; loading an anchoring agent, and sequentially placing the flexible hollow rod body (1), the anti-torsion tray (3), a ribbed tray (4), a centering ball head (5), an anti-wear washer (6) and a torque nut (7); stirring the anchoring agent, and completing fastening of the anchor rod; and accurately controlling the grouting reinforcement time, and completing lag grouting. By means of the fiber grating sensor, real-time monitoring of the state of the anchor rod can be achieved, and the advantages such as a high mounting speed, convenient grouting and high anchoring quality are achieved.

The invention discloses a drilling, sealing and injecting integrated construction method for a self-propelled anchor rod. A drilling machine and the self-propelled anchor rod are connected through a rod body connector; a drilling machine is used for providing driving force, meanwhile, a round nut is used for limiting a hexagonal nut, and torque is transmitted to a drill bit; the front-section spiral deslagging channel and the rear-section spiral deslagging channel are used for synchronously discharging slag and chips; the drilling machine is controlled to rotate reversely, the constant-torque pressing piece and the anti-shearing tray are compacted at the hole opening through the hexagonal nut, and the installation operation of the self-advancing anchor rod is completed until the pressing state is achieved; a grouting pump is used for enabling slurry to enter a slurry mixer through a grouting pipe, then the slurry is injected into the deep position of a hole through a grouting channel and a drill bit slurry outlet, in the process, a large threaded section of the middle section is used for conducting dense plugging on a hole gap, the pressure maintaining effect can be achieved, and effective plugging of the crack can be achieved; and when the grouting pressure is suddenly increased, the grouting pump is controlled to stop, the grouting operation is stopped, and then the slurry mixer is blocked. By means of the method, hole drilling, hole sealing and grouting operation can be integrally completed.

The invention discloses a yielding grouting anchor rod for a high-ground-pressure soft breakable roadway, and belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting, the yielding grouting anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, the outer surface of the anchor rod body is sleeved with a yielding cylinder, a yielding plate and a rubber plug, the rubber plug is located on one side of the yielding cylinder, the outer surface of the yielding plate is attached to the inner surface of the yielding cylinder, and the outer surface of the yielding plate is attached to the inner surface of the yielding cylinder. A spring and evenly-arranged connecting rods are arranged on the outer wall of one side of the yielding plate, the connecting rods are located between the anchor rod and the spring, one end of each connecting rod penetrates through the inner wall of one side of the yielding cylinder to be connected with one end of a rubber plug, a sleeve is embedded in the outer surface of the rubber plug, and the outer wall of one side of the sleeve is connected with the outer wall of one side of the yielding cylinder. The pressure plate pushes the compression spring to deform, tensile fracture of the anchor rod body caused by overlarge pressure is avoided, the connecting rod is driven to push the rubber plug in the process of pushing the compression spring to deform, the dual pressure yielding and releasing function is achieved, and the anchor rod can adapt to roadway surrounding rock deformation in the high ground pressure environment to a certain extent.

The invention discloses a portal type integrated operation workstation capable of adapting to different underground cavern sections. The portal type integrated operation workstation comprises a frame supporting system, an intelligent control room, a moving walking system, an electrical system and a functional arm system. The frame supporting system comprises first longitudinal beams which are arranged in a left-right spaced mode, and a plurality of transverse telescopic joints are installed between the left first longitudinal beam and the right first longitudinal beam. A plurality of longitudinal shrinkage joints are mounted at the lower end of each first longitudinal beam, the lower ends of the longitudinal shrinkage joints are connected with a high-strength supporting frame, and a movable walking system is mounted at the bottom of the high-strength supporting frame; the functional arm system comprises a concrete spraying-arch mounting arm, an anchor rod mounting arm and a drilling arm which are arranged in a layered mode from top to bottom. According to the portal type integrated operation workstation capable of adapting to different underground cavern sections, the functions of drilling, anchor rod construction, grouting, net hanging, arch frame installation, spraying and mixing and the like are integrated, and meanwhile the size of equipment can be freely adjusted so that the portal type integrated operation workstation can adapt to the extra-large sections of different sizes.

A method and a system for automatically collecting multiple information of a tunnel during construction period are provided. A detection point and a detection line are formed by projecting a light source on the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the pixel position changes of the areas where the detection point and the detection line are located in different time periods are recorded by a measuring camera, and the detection point and the detection line are integrated and corrected with tunnel point cloud data as a reference standard to form an accurate four-dimensional model of the tunnel.

The invention provides a wire rod, a preparation method of the wire rod, a mining 2400MPa-grade steel strand and a manufacturing method and application of the mining 2400MPa-grade steel strand. The wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.92-0.97% of C, 1.00-1.10% of Si, 0.50-0.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.015% of S, less than or equal to 0.10% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.015% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.40% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1% of V and the balance of Fe. The preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps: designing chemical compositions of ingredients; the ingredients are subjected to converter treatment, LF refining and RH vacuum degassing, then two-time heating forming rolling forming is conducted, and a wire rod body is obtained; and the wire rod body is subjected to austenitizing heating and isothermal salt bath sorbite treatment. The steel wire rod disclosed by the invention has relatively high carbon element and silicon element contents, the initial strength is 1510 MPa or above, and the steel wire rod can be used for preparing mining 2400MPa-grade steel strands.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly multi-arch underground excavation tunnel structure suitable for a river-near cliff, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The lining structure comprises a left hole composite lining, a middle semi-integral middle wall and a right hole through underground excavation composite lining, the left hole composite lining comprises a left hole secondary lining and a left hole primary support from inside to outside; the right hole through type underground excavation composite lining comprises a right hole secondary lining, a right hole primary support, a bottom plate, a top supporting beam, a bottom longitudinal beam and an inclined column. Aiming at the vertical river-adjacent terrain, a full-underground excavation transparent multi-arch tunnel scheme is provided for the first time, bias pressure is resisted by means of self-stability of surrounding rock, excavation is small, environment friendliness is achieved, and the construction concept of green roads is met. The invention further relates to a construction method of the environment-friendly multi-arch underground excavation tunnel structure suitable for the river-near cliff.

The invention discloses a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod, an intelligent drilling monitoring system and an integrated intelligent construction method. According to the anchor rod, a rod body is sequentially provided with a head-section wave-shaped threaded section, a middle-section large threaded section and a tail-section wave-shaped threaded section from the head end to the tail end, and a grouting channel is formed in the axis of the rod body; the PDC drill bit and the round nut are installed at the head end and the tail end of the rod body respectively. The anti-shearing tray, the constant-torque pressing sheet and the hexagon nut are arranged on the outer side of the tail-section wave-shaped thread section in a sleeving manner; and the built-in mixer is inserted into the grouting channel. According to the system, a drilling machine is arranged outside a hexagon nut in a sleeving mode through a machine rod connector; the vibration sensor is mounted on the machine rod connector; the monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling machine. The method comprises the steps that the drilling machine rotates forwards to drive the PDC drill bit to conduct drilling operation, and deslagging is conducted synchronously; pre-tightening is conducted through reverse rotation of the drilling machine; a built-in mixer is used for grouting operation; and carrying out plugging treatment. According to the anchor rod, drilling, hole sealing and grouting operation can be integrally achieved; the system and the method are favorable for improving the drilling efficiency, and the construction efficiency of support construction can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a pressure relief and shock absorption method for a deep high-stress key pillar. (a) a top plate is arranged at the top of the ore pillar, four inclined kerfs are alternately arranged in a top plate area around the ore pillar, and the kerfs are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape; (b) eight anchor rod drill holes perpendicular to the top plate are formed in the interval area between the adjacent kerfs and the periphery of the ore pillar, perpendicular anchor rods are arranged in the anchor rod drill holes, and an orthogonal supporting network formed by the perpendicular anchor rods is formed; and (c) preferentially releasing the bending energy of the roof through the kerf, reducing the vertical load of the ore pillar, and meanwhile, forming a pressure arch effect by applying the prestress of the vertical anchor rod, thereby realizing space-time coupling support of the kerf and the anchor rod, and inhibiting roof separation and dynamic disturbance. The invention has the characteristics of excellent stress transfer, strong vibration suppression and excellent overall column stability.

The invention discloses a surrounding rock deformation treatment method which comprises the following steps: determining the range of a strong influence area in a fault through advanced geological detection, and adopting a graded support strategy for different influence areas: when the width of the strong influence area in the fault is three times greater than the span of a tunnel, arranging an NPR anchor cable group on the ground surface to form a pre-reinforcement system; during benching, NPR anchor rods and steel arches are combined for supporting in a fault non-weak-influence area, and long and short NPR anchor cables are additionally arranged in a fault weak-medium-influence area for collaborative supporting; double-gradient grouting is implemented in front of the boundary of the moderately strong affected zone, a peripheral reinforcing shell is formed by grouting at the first gradient of 2-3 MPa, and an internal permeation network is formed by grouting at the second gradient of 3.5-4.5 MPa; through real-time monitoring of the axial force of the steel arch, a linkage response mechanism of anchor cable secondary tensioning and grouting and supplementing is established. According to the method, through combination of advanced pre-reinforcement, graded support and dynamic regulation, active control over tunnel surrounding rock deformation of the fault fracture zone is achieved, and the collapse risk and the support structure damage risk are effectively restrained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent detection, and particularly discloses an underground engineering intelligent anchor detection system and method.The system comprises a movable chassis, an automatic continuous drilling subsystem arranged on the movable chassis, an automatic monitoring subsystem and a data analysis subsystem, and the automatic monitoring subsystem and the data analysis subsystem are arranged on the automatic continuous drilling subsystem; the automatic continuous drilling subsystem comprises a mechanical large arm connected with the movable chassis, a rotating platform connected to the tail end of the mechanical large arm, and a drilling unit connected with the rotating platform; the automatic monitoring subsystem is used for monitoring while-drilling parameters in the drilling process in real time and transmitting the while-drilling parameters to the data analysis subsystem. The data analysis subsystem inverts rock mass strength parameters and rock mass structural plane characteristics in real time based on a rock mass strength inversion model and a structural plane inversion model, and quantitative evaluation of surrounding rock in the drilling process is achieved, so that a surrounding rock broken area is anchored in time. According to the invention, in-situ detection of deep underground engineering, especially deep mines, can be realized.

The invention relates to the field of surrounding rock supporting, and provides an aging cracking and multi-source dynamic response self-adaptive supporting system and method in order to improve the supporting reliability, and the state of surrounding rock is sensed in real time through a multi-source sensing module; the aging damage model can comprehensively and dynamically evaluate the damage state of the surrounding rock of the mixed rock, and progressive instability accidents such as hysteresis rock burst can be effectively prevented; the dynamic disturbance model can analyze the damage effect of dynamic loads such as TBM tunneling and blasting on mixed rock surrounding rock in real time, a millisecond-level dynamic risk assessment result is provided for a self-adaptive support system, and instant instability accidents are effectively restrained. The self-adaptive support of the dynamic execution module is realized by combining the parallel decision of the aging damage model and the dynamic disturbance model, the problem that the traditional support depends on static geological data and is difficult to adapt to the dynamic damage change of the surrounding rock is solved, the stability and reliability of the support system are remarkably improved, and the engineering cost and the safety risk are reduced.

The invention discloses a stress-displacement roof catastrophe intelligent early warning method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine engineering safety and supporting. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively establishing a stress-time database and a displacement-time database according to a relationship between stress and time of a roof separation layer and a relationship between displacement and time of the roof separation layer, and respectively setting four early warning modules in the corresponding databases; then stress-time and displacement-time are collected in real time through a sensor, and collected data are transmitted to a corresponding data processor; after being processed by the data processor, the data are uploaded to the stress-time database and the displacement-time database, are dynamically matched with the four early warning modules in each database, and then are converted to generate early warning signals for early warning. According to the method, the principle of stress-displacement synchronization is followed, and the accuracy of early warning is remarkably improved through double monitoring means and comprehensive monitoring of the roof separation stress and displacement.

The invention provides an intelligent rapid tunneling system and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunneling device.The tunneling system comprises a tunneling anchor machine, a spraying system is arranged on the front side of the tunneling anchor machine, the spraying system comprises a first mechanical arm, a first nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the first mechanical arm, and the first mechanical arm is used for moving according to a first preset path; the coating is sprayed to the surfaces of the top plate and the side of the roadway, and the cured coating forms a supporting layer; the self-moving machine tail is arranged behind the miner-bolter; and the second mechanical arm is arranged on the rear side of the self-moving tail, a second nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the second mechanical arm, and the second mechanical arm is used for moving according to a second preset path and conducting supplementary spraying on the area which is not sprayed by the first mechanical arm. According to the tunneling system, automatic spraying and supporting of roadway surrounding rock can be achieved, the traditional procedure of manually laying an anchor net is effectively replaced, the construction efficiency is improved, the labor intensity of workers is relieved, the number of the workers is reduced, and the intelligent level of roadway supporting is improved.

The invention relates to a strong mining roadway thick-layer transboundary supporting method, and belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting, and the method comprises the steps that geometric parameters, rock mass mechanical parameters and stress field parameters of a strong mining roadway are obtained; based on the geometric parameters, the rock mass mechanical parameters and the stress field parameters, the deformation process and the damage process of the strong mining roadway surrounding rock are simulated, and the incidence relation between each deformation stage of the strong mining roadway surrounding rock and the roof partition damage characteristic is obtained; determining a key stage of irreversible deformation of the strong mining roadway surrounding rock based on the association relationship; determining the critical time of transboundary anchoring of the thick layer based on the key stage; determining the support parameters of the anchor rod and the critical anchoring length of the thick layer transboundary; and supporting the top plate of the strong mining roadway based on the critical time, the supporting parameters and the thick-layer transboundary anchoring length. The method has the effect of improving the stability of the strong mining roadway surrounding rock.

The invention provides a deep coal seam roadway surrounding rock stability intelligent early warning method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine dynamic disaster prevention and control. According to the intelligent early warning method for the stability of the surrounding rock of the deep coal seam roadway, a basic sample library is constructed through a dynamic and static combined loading rock test; synchronously collecting field surrounding rock static stress and micro-seismic data and carrying out time sequence polymerization; constructing an equivalent dynamic and static combined stress index based on a dynamic and static load superposition principle, and forming a seismic-force coupling feature vector; establishing an LSTM early warning model, adopting a transfer learning strategy, pre-training by using laboratory data, and then performing fine tuning by using field data; inputting the real-time feature vector into a model and outputting an instability probability; and verifying and correcting the probability based on actual deformation data of the surrounding rock, and applying a missing report sample to online incremental updating of the model. According to the method, the dynamic and static load coupling effect is quantified, the difficulty of small sample training is overcome, and accurate and self-adaptive early warning of the deep roadway surrounding rock instability risk is realized through a physical feedback closed-loop correction mechanism.

The present invention provides a support assembly and a tunnel boring machine. The support assembly is applied to the tunnel boring machine and includes: a base; a drive assembly, one end of which is connected to the tunnel boring machine and the other end of which is connected to the base, for driving the base to move; a support plate, which is arranged on the base and is used to support the anchor net; and a support beam assembly, which is arranged on the base and is used to lift and support the top beam. The present application integrates the support beam assembly on the support assembly, improves the functional integration of the tunnel boring machine, saves equipment space, improves the production efficiency of the equipment, and saves the production cost of the equipment. In addition, the support plate and the support beam assembly share a set of drive assemblies, thus saving a set of drive assemblies. Compared with the separate arrangement of temporary support and support beam device, the number of components is greatly simplified, and the contradiction that the temporary support and support beam device cannot be installed on the tunnel boring machine at the same time due to the overlapping installation positions of the temporary support and the support beam device is resolved, providing more operating space for the anchoring operation and beam erection operation of the tunnel boring machine.

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a rapid construction method and system for a lower step with an inverted arch of a horizontal rock stratum large-section tunnel, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional geological modeling system to carry out advanced geological forecast on a tunnel construction region; the three-arm drill jumbo is used for conducting self-positioning, geological self-adaptive intelligent hole arrangement, dynamic optimization of drilling parameters and dynamic allocation of drilling tasks through three-arm cooperative control; calculating the vector deviation between the actual excavation contour and the design contour; marking a preferential injection area based on a three-dimensional laser point cloud technology, and dynamically adjusting an injection track and thickness according to back break data; a multifunctional drilling and grouting integrated trolley is adopted for implementing pipe shed supporting, advanced small guide pipe reinforcement, pre-grouting reinforcement and anchor rod reinforcement; the main mechanical arm assists the trolley in drilling and laser scanning acceptance inspection of the feet-lock bolt; re-spraying to the designed thickness by adopting a wet spraying manipulator; the problems that an existing tunnel lower step inverted arch construction method is low in construction efficiency and large in construction risk are solved.

The invention discloses comprehensive rock drift rapid tunneling equipment and a using method thereof.According to the tunneling equipment, a drilling and anchoring integrated multifunctional drilling machine is arranged on one side of a cantilever type tunneling machine body, and a temporary supporting mechanism is arranged above an oscillation cutting part; a deep hole is formed in a to-be-crushed rock by utilizing the multifunctional drilling machine, the deep hole is further expanded and cracked by utilizing the pulsating fracturing system, the strength of a rock mass is weakened, then the rock mass is milled by adopting the oscillating cutting part, and finally, the rock mass is anchored and protected by utilizing the multifunctional drilling machine and the temporary supporting device, so that a guarantee is provided for an operation environment. According to the equipment and the technology, a traditional roadway tunneling procedure is simplified into a continuous procedure, the tunneling efficiency of roadway rock mass is greatly improved, and meanwhile the cost is saved.

The invention discloses an anchor rod type mine laneway surrounding rock stress monitoring system, which comprises a hollow anchor rod, a high-precision strain rosette, a strain collector, a gateway, fault prediction and health management software and a server, and is characterized in that the rod body of the hollow anchor rod is of a hollow structure, the high-precision strain rosette is fixed in the hollow rod body, and the strain collector is fixed in the hollow rod body; the strain collector communicates with the gateway through an RS485 bus, the gateway communicates with the fault prediction and health management software and the server in an optical fiber mode, a hollow anchor rod supporting product which is most commonly used at present is utilized in the scheme, the high-precision resistance type strain gauge is arranged in the hollow anchor rod supporting product, the installation form is consistent with that of an anchor rod, and the high-precision resistance type strain gauge can penetrate into a rock stratum; the distributed roadway surrounding rock stress monitoring system is formed, the mine roadway surrounding rock stress change condition can be accurately and comprehensively monitored and pre-warned in real time, different pre-warning signals are sent out in advance, maintenance workers are supervised and urged to take reinforcement measures or evacuate in time, and therefore collapse accidents are avoided.

The anchor cable trolley comprises a trolley body, an anchor cable mechanism, an anchor cable steel strand mechanism and a grouting mechanism, the anchor cable mechanism is arranged at the front end of the trolley body, the grouting mechanism is connected with the trolley body, and the grouting mechanism is used for providing slurry for the anchor cable mechanism; the anchor cable mechanism comprises an operation arm and an anchor cable machine head, one end of the operation arm is connected with the vehicle body, and the other end is connected with the anchor cable machine head; the anchor cable steel strand mechanism comprises a steel strand reel and a steel strand bending assembly, the steel strand reel is arranged on the vehicle body, and the steel strand bending assembly is arranged on the anchor cable machine head. The anchor cable trolley is provided with the anchor cable mechanism, the grouting mechanism and the anchor cable steel strand mechanism, so that the anchor cable trolley can achieve the functions of grouting and anchor cable steel strand installation at the same time, when grouting and anchor cable installation are conducted on a drilled hole, no extra equipment is needed, grouting and anchor cable installation can be achieved only through the anchor cable trolley, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the construction efficiency can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses a self-adaptive pre-pressure-relief danger relieving device for a deep mine. The self-adaptive pre-pressure-relief danger relieving device comprises a supporting assembly. The supporting assembly comprises two side supporting plates which are symmetrically arranged, a top supporting plate is installed on the tops of the side supporting plates through connecting plates, and a plurality of pressure relief buffering assemblies which are arranged at equal intervals are installed on the outer walls of the side supporting plates and the outer wall of the top supporting plate. A pressure relief channel is established through the drilling assembly, continuous and directional hydraulic pressure relief is achieved in combination with the jet flow pressure relief assembly, rock mass fractures are effectively expanded, in addition, high-energy shock waves can be rapidly released through the blasting pressure relief assembly, strong pressure relief is achieved, and the device is suitable for a high-stress area; the jet flow pressure relief assembly and the blasting pressure relief assembly are switched in the hollow anchor rod, and an external water supply system and a blasting control system are connected, so that a mine has high adaptive capacity and safety performance according to different pressure relief requirements.

The invention discloses a coal mine tunnel support strength evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out the actual modeling of a coal mine tunnel according to a field project through FLAC3D numerical simulation software; under the condition of no ground stress, endowing elastic model parameters to the model and calculating balance; designing different supporting schemes, applying pre-tightening force and calculating balance; determining a low stress threshold value corresponding to a roadway surrounding rock unstable layer and a high stress threshold value corresponding to roof fracture instability, and calculating the low stress threshold value and the high stress threshold value by combining the volume weight of the rock sample obtained by field sampling; respectively calculating a high stress volume and a low stress volume; defining the lowest pressure stress efficiency, the lowest standard pressure stress volume and the pressure stress efficiency, and obtaining the lowest standard pressure stress volume according to the supporting strength of different schemes; the higher the lowest pressure stress efficiency, the higher the pressure stress efficiency and the lowest standard pressure stress volume are, the better the supporting effect of the anchor rod and / or the anchor cable is, and otherwise, the poorer the supporting effect is.

The invention provides a roadway supporting structure and a construction method. The roadway supporting structure comprises a supporting group layer, anchoring systems, a flexible supporting belt, an adjusting system, a control unit and a sensing unit, the anchoring systems are arranged on the side portion and the top of surrounding rock, the flexible supporting belt is arranged on the inner surface of the supporting group layer and located on the top of a roadway, and the sensing unit is arranged in the top of the surrounding rock. The adjusting system is connected with the flexible supporting belt and the anchoring system on the top of the surrounding rock. The sensing unit is used for collecting a surrounding rock pressure value and transmitting the surrounding rock pressure value to the control unit, and the control unit receives the pressure value and deploys the adjusting system to adjust the pre-tightening force of the anchoring system and / or the tension of the flexible supporting belt. The invention aims at solving the problem of roadway support in a high-stress complex environment and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of a roadway.

A prefabricated tunnel prestressed anchor comprises an anchor rod, the anchor rod comprises a free section and a prestressed section which are arranged in sequence; the prestressed section of the anchor rod is sleeved with a steel casing, holes are formed in the steel casing, a filler material is arranged between the steel casing and the anchor rod and filled in a space between the steel casing and the anchor rod after a prestress is applied to the anchor rod on a tensioning bench, and when the filler material is electrified, the structure of the filler material is destroyed; sleeves are arranged at two ends of the steel casing, and grout plugs used for sealing the steel casing are arranged in openings of the sleeves. The prestressed anchor can be directly installed in site to be used, a prestress is applied after the structure of the filler material is destroyed.