The invention belongs to the field of
environmental protection and micro-plastic identification, and discloses a micro-plastic
infrared characteristic spectrum extraction and efficient and accurate identification method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring
infrared spectrum data of a micro-plastic sample, and constructing a micro-plastic spectrum
database; 2, extracting a characteristic spectrum from the
infrared spectrum data in the step 1 by adopting a progressive two-
step method combining equal-interval sampling and a competitive self-adaptive reweighted sampling
algorithm; step 3, performing standard normal transformation on the
transmittance of the characteristic spectrum in the step 2; and 4, constructing a feature
training set and a feature
test set by taking the
transmittance of the infrared spectrum transformed in the step 3 as input and the micro-plastic type as output. Training the
artificial neural network model by adopting the feature
training set, and optimizing hyper-parameters in the model through the feature
test set by applying a
genetic algorithm to form a final micro-plastic identification
artificial neural network model; and step 5, for micro-plastics to be identified, obtaining the characteristic
transmittance of the micro-plastics to be identified through the
spectral data obtained in the step 1 and the characteristic wave number extracted in the step 2, performing standard normal transformation on the micro-plastics to be identified through the step 3, inputting the transformed infrared
spectral transmittance into the micro-plastic identification
artificial neural network model, and giving the type of the micro-plastics. And identification of the micro-plastic is realized. According to the method, traversal sampling of the whole spectrum
data set is effectively avoided, the extraction efficiency of the characteristic spectrum is improved, hyper-parameter optimization is performed on the
artificial neural network model by adopting the
genetic algorithm,
overfitting of the model is effectively prevented, and the generalization ability of the model is improved.