The invention discloses a DNA standard sample for transgenic component detection and application of the DNA standard sample. The DNA standard sample comprises DNA fragments shown as SEQ ID NO.1-7, andthe DNA fragments are specific fragments of components T-E9, T-NOS, P-CaMV35S(P-35S), PAT, T-PinII, P-Rbcs4, T-CaMV35S(T-35S). By detection of the seven targets, most of current commercial transgenicvarieties (at least 63) can be covered, and only a transgenic maize DAS40278 transformant and transgenic soybean DP305423 and CV127 transformants without exogenous components fail to be detected. According to detection, uniformity, stability, definite value and the like of the standard sample all meet requirements in detection, and the standard sample can be applied to quality control in daily detection of corresponding exogenous components, verification and evaluation of detection agents, laboratory proficiency testing activity and the like and is available for commercial popularization andapplication.