The invention discloses PCR primer groups and a probe used for detecting human immunodeficiency virus type I, a kit containing the PCR primer groups and the probe, and a detection method. The kit contains the high sensitivity primer groups and the probe. According to the detection method, multiple circulation is designed, and temperature is increased to a primer annealing temperature, and extremely high sensitivity and specificity are achieved. According to the minimum detection limit, in each time of detection, 2 copies HIV-1 DNA/ millions of cells can be realized, and sensitivity of the detection method is higher than that of other detection methods. A cell quantitative system is introduced into the detection method, so that quantification of HIV-1 DNA and cell number can be realized simultaneously in a same reaction. A quantitative standard substance is added into the kit so as to solve a problem of HIV DNA auantitative traceability in the prior art, wherein the quantitative standard substance is simple to prepare, is stable, and is reliable in traceability. The PCR primer groups, the probe, the kit, and the detection method can be used for HIV infection early detection, HIV infection screening of infants or high risk groups, HIV-1 virus repository detection, antiviral drug therapeutic effect evaluation, disease relapse control, and radical cure standard establishment; operation is simple; cost is low; clinical application prospect is promising; and it is beneficial for popularization and application.