The invention provides a zopiclone tablet rapid identification method based on a near infrared spectrum. The zopiclone tablet rapid identification method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring an original graph and pre-processing the original graph; modeling by adopting two instruments, and identifying by one instrument, thus realizing modeling and identifying a spectrum by using the instruments; and carrying out a qualification test on near infrared diffuse reflection spectrums of a plurality of batches of dynamic production samples by using a model so as to judge whether medicines are counterfeited or not. After the model is established, a negative sample and a positive sample are used for testing the stability of the model respectively; and when the result is that the passing rate of the positive sample is 100% and the negative sample does not pass, the false positive rate and the false negative rate of the model are relatively low, the method is suitable for market rapid checking and the result is reliable. A rapid quality identification and evaluation method for zopiclone tablets which are produced by Qilu Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. and are packaged by an aluminum-plastic plate is established, the detected sample does not need to be subjected to complicated pre-treatment, and the sample is not damaged and polluted; and a lot of analysis time and cost can be saved, and the method is a convenient, rapid and lossless green analysis technology.