The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection and nuclear electronics, and relates to a nuclear radiation pulse accumulation signal judging and correcting method based on high-speed digital sampling. The method includes the steps of pulse accumulation judgment and pulse accumulation correction and specifically includes the steps of judging pulse accumulation, conducting differential on signals, judging the accumulation type, correcting pulse accumulation, calculating pulse waveform parameters, conducting cutting and correcting accumulated pulses. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the digitalization method of pulse accumulation judgment is set up, complex hardware equipment in a traditional spectrometer is abandoned, differential and analysis are conducted on collected output pulses through the digitalization method so that the current changes of the pulses can be formed, the method is simple and clear, the physical meaning is clear, the accumulation type can be accurately judged, the correction of pulse accumulation can be conducted, the use ratio of the signals can be effectively improved, energy resolution losses caused by pulse accumulation can be reduced, and meanwhile the pulse passing rate of a system is improved to the largest extent.