The invention provides an emergency power supply system. The emergency power supply system comprises a battery master control module, a real-time power failure detection module, an automatic switching module, a real-time monitoring module, a charge-discharge management module, a thermal management module, a safety protection module and a communication module and is characterized in that the real-time power failure detection module, the automatic switching module, the real-time monitoring module, the charge-discharge management module, the thermal management module, the safety protection module and the communication module are separately connected with the battery master control module. The emergency power supply system provided by the invention has the characteristics of real-time power failure detection, automatic switching, real-time detection on storage battery state and the like, a PLC neural network, a CAN bus and an industrial Ethernet communication interface are adopted, various communication interfaces such as RS-485, RJ45 and PLC can be used, remote configuration and system management can be achieved, the working condition of a storage battery is remotely monitored, accurate and high-efficiency management is performed, and the usage of an emergency power supply is effectively ensured.