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This invention proposes an oxadiazole viologen compound, its preparation method, and its application in flow batteries, belonging to the field of electrochemical battery energy storage technology. The oxadiazole viologen compound of this invention can be used as a negative electrode material in organic flow batteries. It can accept two electrons, significantly improving the charge-discharge capacity and cycle stability of flow batteries, reducing the permeability of both positive and negative electrodes, and broadening the selection range of negative electrode active materials for neutral organic flow batteries. Furthermore, the preparation method of the aforementioned two-electron oxadiazole viologen compound provided by this invention is simple, time-efficient, and easy to operate.