The invention relates to a fireproof lockset, in particular to the fireproof airtight protection structure of the fireproof lockset that is used for the fireproof door, the theftproof door and the door which has the dual fireproof and theftproof function. The invention comprises a bolt, a tapered ned, a tumbler and a lock case which is punched with a mounting hole; two fireproof seal boxes are arranged at both sides of the lock case, a graphite material that is for fireproof sealing purpose is filled inside the fireproof seal box, two heat-insulating adjustment pads which are made of asbestos sheet are arranged at both sides of the graphite material, an aluminum silicate needled wool is filled at the bottom of the lock case and an aluminum silicate wool is filled between the outsides of the lock case and the fireproof seal box and the door. When the temperature is higher than 300 DEG C in fire, the graphite material in the fireproof seal box starts to expand, which fills the clearance between the cylinder of the lockset, the tumbler, a mounting lever and other parts and the lock case, the external heat and smoke cannot enter the inside of the lock case, and thus, the fireproof and heat-insulating and smokeproof effect of a fireproof lock is realized, which guarantees that the fireproof lock is not damaged in fire and can be unlocked normally.