The invention discloses a switching power supply for an AC/DC-DC self-adaptive instrument within an ultra-wide voltage input range. The switching power supply comprises an input protective circuit, an EMI filter circuit, a power frequency rectification and filter circuit, a high frequency rectification and filter circuit, a boosting conversion circuit, a flyback conversion circuit, a first voltage sampling circuit, a first current sampling circuit, a second voltage sampling circuit, a second current sampling circuit, a first PWM circuit, a second PWM circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a power switching circuit, a voltage detection and comparison control circuit and an optocoupler isolation feedback circuit. A two-stage type cascade circuit is formed by the boosting conversion circuit and the flyback conversion circuit, and the automatic instrument can automatically adapt to power supply of an 85-265V alternating-current power supply and an 18-100V direct-current power supply.