656 results about "Voltage swing" patented technology

The voltage swing of a data signal, which is supplied to a data line, is maintained to be small, thereby reducing the power consumption. When a scanning signal supplied to a scanning line is set to an on-voltage, a data signal with a voltage, depending on the density and depending on the writing polarity, is applied to a data line. In this case, a TFT is turned on. Thus, a liquid crystal capacitor and storage capacitor store the charge corresponding to the voltage of the data signal. Then, the scanning signal is set to an off-voltage to turn the TFT off, and the voltage of the other terminal of the storage capacitor is raised from the low-level of capacitor voltage to the high-level, and the charge corresponding to the raised voltage amount is redistributed to the liquid crystal capacitor. Thus, the effective voltage value applied to the liquid crystal capacitor can correspond to the voltage swing of the data signal or more.

Various embodiments of methods and apparatus for an amplifier with wide output voltage swing are disclosed. The amplifier may include multiple output stages, each associated with a distinct supply voltage. Each output stage may contribute current to the output of the amplifier over a range of amplifier output voltages and these ranges may overlap. Each output stage may contribute current until the amplifier output voltage reaches the supply voltage associated with that output stage. The amplifier output may be as great as the largest supply voltage minus a drop equal to Rdson for an output transistor multiplied by the output current. In a CMOS implementation, this voltage drop may be approximately 0.15V. When the amplifier output voltage is close to the supply voltage associated with an output stage, both that output stage and the output stage associated with the next highest supply voltage may contribute to the amplifier output.

An isolation monitor is disclosed in which a switchable bias voltage is imposed on a chassis ground. An isolation voltage is measured when a bias voltage is applied. When there are no electrical faults, the isolation voltage swings up and down to known values. When a fault occurs, the isolation voltage will not to swing to the known values, and thus the isolation resistance can be measured and alarm generated if the isolation resistance falls below a threshold value.

An integrated device includes a voltage mode transmit driver for matching an output impedance to an output transmission line based on a binary code, an input termination module configured for matching an input impedance to an input transmission line based on an input impedance calibration value using thermometer-based decoding. The voltage mode transmit driver includes, for each differential output signal, a resistor network circuit having pull-up circuits and pull-down circuits for changing the voltage on the differential output signal, and having binary weighted resistance values relative to each other. The input termination module includes pull-up circuits and pull-down circuits having inverse hyperbolic resistance values relative to each other, and using thermometer-based decoding to ensure a linear change in input impedance during transitions in the input impedance calibration value. A calibration circuit generates the binary code and the input impedance calibration value based on replicas of the pull-up and pull-down circuits.

A differential inductor is formed from branch coils that are staggered with respect to one another rather than concentrically coiled within one another. Each coil is formed from conductive strips. The conductive strips with the largest voltage swings thereon are shielded from one another by conductive strips with lower voltage swings thereon. This shielding allows the effective capacitance of the differential inductor to be lowered, which in turn raises the range of frequencies at which the differential inductor can operate.

An approach is provided for adaptive supply voltage control of a power amplifier. A voltage detector detects a voltage swing, and a power detector detects power. A controller is coupled to the voltage detector and the power detector. The controller receives a signal specifying a required output power and determines, using the detected voltage swing and the detected power, a supply rail voltage corresponding to the required output power at a particular loading condition. A converter applies the determined supply rail voltage for generating the required output power.

A ring oscillator includes an even-numbered plurality of ring coupled delay stages. Each delay stage includes a differential amplifier, a voltage clamping circuit, and a current source. The differential amplifier receives first and second input signals from a preceding delay stage. The differential amplifier provides a first output signal and a complementary second output signal at first and second nodes, respectively. The voltage clamping circuit is coupled between the first and second nodes to limit a peak-to-peak voltage swing of each of the first and second output signals. The current source is coupled to the differential amplifier and varies a bias current in accordance with a delay bias voltage.

A driver circuit. In one embodiment, the driver circuit includes a plurality of pull-up circuits and a plurality of pull-down circuits. The driver circuit also includes control logic that is coupled to activate/deactivate the pull-up and pull-down circuits. The driver circuit may perform emphasized signal transmissions having a voltage swing of a first magnitude or de-emphasized signal transmissions having a voltage swing of a second magnitude, wherein the first magnitude is greater than the second magnitude. The control logic is further configured to activate and/or deactivate pull-up and/or pull-down circuits such that the driver circuit output impedance in the emphasized mode is substantially equal to the output impedance in the de-emphasized mode.

An output buffer circuit drives multiple signal formats. The output buffer circuit reduces duplication of output bond pads on an integrated circuit die. The output buffer circuit reduces a need for including conversion buffers on system boards. A single integrated circuit including the output buffer circuit may meet a variety of applications. The output buffer achieves these results with a programmable output voltage swing and a programmable output common mode voltage. In some embodiments of the present invention, an integrated circuit includes at least one single-ended buffer and at least one differential circuit coupled to a pair of outputs. One of the single-ended buffer and the differential circuit is selectively enabled to provide a signal to the outputs.

A power amplifier (PA) using switched-bulk biasing to minimize the risk of output stage snapback effect is disclosed. An adaptive biasing of the output stage prevents device breakdown while accommodating large voltage swings. These protection techniques can be applied to all types of cascode configurations of a PA, including single-ended, differential, quadrature, segmented and any combination thereto.

A reconfigurable circuit (10) includes an integrator (30) having switches (SW1-6) for selectively coupling input capacitors (C0,1,2,3,6,7) and integrating capacitors (C4,5) to terminals of the integrator (30) for operation of a hybrid delta-sigma/SAR ADC (400) so as to create a reference voltage value (Vref) equal to the sum of a first voltage (ΔVbe) and a second voltage (Vbe). A first integration is performed to reduce the integrator output voltage swing. A residue (Vresidue) of the integrator is multiplied by 2. Then the second voltage (Vbe) is integrated in a first direction if a comparator (22) coupled to the integrator changes state or in an opposite direction if the comparator does not change state. The first voltage (ΔVbe) is integrated in a direction that causes the integrator output voltage (Vout) to equal either 2×Vresidue−Vref or 2×Vresidue+Vref.

A fuel cell system that employs a matched battery that matches the battery voltage to a fuel cell power bus voltage so as to eliminate the need for a DC/DC converter. The internal characteristics and parameters of the matched battery allow it to operate over the large load dependent voltage swing of the fuel cell, and prevent the battery state of charge from going below a damaging value. The battery type, number of battery cells and the battery internal impedance are selected to provide the desired matching. In one embodiment, the battery is a lithium ion battery. The system also includes a diode electrically coupled to the power bus line and a by-pass switch electrically coupled to the power bus line in parallel with the diode. The by-pass switch is selectively opened or closed to allow the fuel cell stack to recharge the battery and prevent the battery from being overcharged.

A ternary state content addressable memory (CAM) cell that includes two DRAM cells. In addition to a port for controlling and transmitting data to the CAM, another port is exclusively used for refreshing the DRAM cells. A refresh word line is coupled to the two DRAM cells for performing DRAW cell refresh. A refresh bit line is coupled to the first of the two DRAM cells for refreshing this first DRAM cell. A refresh bit line is coupled to the second of the two DRAM cells for refreshing this second DRAM cell. Problematic power consumption and voltage swing found in a conventional CAM are overcome in the CAM. A swing line (SL) is coupled to said first and second DRAM cells and a local match line (LML) of said CAM cell, said SL having an adjustable voltage level for changing voltage swing in said LML to regulate trade-off between power consumption and speed of said CAM cell.

A voltage storage cell circuit includes an access transistor and a storage capacitor, wherein the source of said access transistor is connected to a bitline, the gate of said access transistor is connected to a wordline, and wherein the drain of said access transistor is connected to a first plate of said storage capacitor forming a storage node, and wherein the second plate of said storage capacitor is connected to a pump signal. This arrangement allows for a novel pixel circuit design with area requirements comparable to that of a 1T1C DRAM-like pixel cell, but with the advantage of an output voltage swing of the full range allowed by the breakdown voltage of the pass transistor. A spatial light modulator such as a micromirror array can comprise such a voltage storage cell.

Programmable differential capacitance is implemented in equalization circuits. The programmable differential capacitance improves the common mode rejection ratio of circuits processing differential signals of various frequencies and voltage swings. Multiple capacitance devices provide the programmable capacitance, which provides an equalization circuit with different, selectable (i.e., programmable) values of capacitance for boosting the transition speed and strength of differential signals processed by the equalization circuit.

Example embodiments of the invention are directed to CMOS differential antenna switches with multi-section impedance transformation. The differential architecture can provide relief from large voltage swings of the power amplifiers by distributing the voltage stress over the receiver switch with two of the identical or substantially similar single-ended switches. In order to reduce the voltage stress further, multi-section impedance transformations can be used. Degraded insertion loss due to the impedance transformation technique can be compensated by selecting an optimal impedance for the antenna switch operation. Accordingly, the use of the multi-section impedance transformations with the differential antenna switch architecture enables high power handling capability for the antenna switch with acceptable efficiency for the transmitter module.

A radio power output amplifier comprises a balanced radio power output that differentially drives a dipole antenna or other balanced load. One half of the differential power output drives one side of the antenna from ground to the maximum positive rail, while the other half of the differential power output drives the opposite side of the antenna from the maximum positive rail to ground. The result is a voltage swing across the antenna that is twice that which would occur if a single ended output was driving an unbalanced load. Since the power output is the square of the voltage divided by the load impedance, the result is four times the power output.

An apparatus for communicating data. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a differential serial interface that supports a plurality of differential serial interface standards and a rail-to-rail common mode range, the differential serial interface comprising a silicon integration of a transceiver comprising (i) a transmitter module coupled to a differential interface and (ii) a receiver module coupled to the differential interface via a common mode isolation circuit, wherein the transceiver is direction-selectable; a variable termination resistance circuit, coupled to the differential interface, for providing adjustable termination for the transmitter module and the receiver module; a frequency-based load detector for detecting connection to a remote receiver; and a calibration circuit for calibrating termination impedance, voltage swing, at least one of pre-emphasis levels or de-emphasis levels, at least one of transmitter eye or receiver eye, and return loss of the differential serial interface to support the plurality of differential serial interface standards.

Apparatus and methods provide low voltage differential signaling (LVDS) driver with replica circuit biasing and protection for hot plugging. The replica biasing is non-intrusive in nature, and can control the voltage swing tightly over parametric variations. The absence of an explicit near-end driver termination improves efficiency, while replica biasing controls output voltage swing levels. Hot-pluggable compatibility is achieved by a reduction in power-off leakage current and short circuit current protection.

A system and a method for configuring communication between a source device and a sink device using captured configuration data are described. The source device communicates with a repeater, which modifies received data to facilitate transmission to the sink device, using a communication channel. The communication channel transmits video and/or audio data from the source device to the sink device. An auxiliary communication channel is used to communicate configuration data between the source device and sink device to optimize transmission and receipt of data through the communication channel. The repeater is coupled to the auxiliary communication channel and passively captures configuration data from the auxiliary communication channel. The repeater uses a subset of the captured configuration data (e.g., data rate, voltage swing, pre-emphasis, etc.) to modify how the repeater transmits data to the sink device using the communication channel.

A domino logic circuit is configured to reduce power consumption. In a first embodiment, a sleep switch grounds the dynamic node during sleep mode. In a second embodiment, a low-swing circuit at the output reduces the output and keeper transistor gate voltage swings. A third embodiment combines those two techniques.