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A "polygene” or "multiple gene inheritance" is a member of a group of non-epistatic genes that interact additively to influence a phenotypic trait. The term "monozygous" is usually used to refer to a hypothetical gene as it is often difficult to characterise the effect of an individual gene from the effects of other genes and the environment on a particular phenotype. Advances in statistical methodology and high throughput sequencing are, however, allowing researchers to locate candidate genes for the trait. In the case that such a gene is identified, it is referred to as a quantitative trait locus (QTL). These genes are generally pleiotropic as well. The genes that contribute to type 2 diabetes are thought to be mostly polygenes. In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.
Method for larch polygene mass breeding and application thereof
This invention discloses a method for multi-gene aggregation breeding of larch and its application in cultivating new larch germplasm, lines, and varieties with excellent performance in terms of biomass, timber properties, and stress resistance. It includes the following steps: construction of a multi-gene aggregation expression backbone vector suitable for larch genetic transformation; cloning of genes regulating target traits such as biomass, timber properties, and stress resistance; construction of the multi-gene aggregation expression vector; larch genetic transformation, screening, and identification; and phenotypic observation and evaluation of the multi-gene-transferred larch materials. Results show that this method can introduce multiple target genes into larch recipient materials through a single genetic transformation, significantly improving the breeding efficiency of obtaining transgenic larch materials with excellent comprehensive traits. This method is of great value in overcoming the breeding bottlenecks of long larch growth cycles and a lack of precise techniques for synergistic improvement of multiple traits, and in the targeted and efficient cultivation of larch materials with excellent comprehensive traits.
Owner:NANKAI UNIV