The invention discloses a photovoltaic module crack identification optimization method based on edge calculation, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting a module image and electrical characteristics, building an input
data set, and storing module
layout information; s2, deploying a crack identification model, performing morphological graph transformation to extract features, and performing sparse
ridge line decoding; s3, calculating a
power loss estimated value and obtaining an actual measurement result in combination with the electrical parameters; s4, comparing an estimated value with a measured value, generating a physical consistency
score, and dynamically correcting a confidence coefficient and a threshold value to form an identification result; s5, when the identification result is low in confidence or
divergence, active sampling is triggered, polarization re-shooting is executed, and identification is carried out again; and S6, generating a weak sample packet according to an uncertain result, uploading the weak sample packet to the cloud, issuing an increment weight after re-checking, and outputting a final recognition and health report. According to the method, morphological graph modeling, physical consistency correction and an active sampling mechanism are introduced, so that high-precision, real-time and verifiable identification of the cracks of the photovoltaic module is realized.