This application provides a smoldering fire monitoring method based on
wind field spatiotemporal constraints and multimodal fusion, relating to the field of multi-sensor
information fusion. The method includes: acquiring thermal imaging, visible light data,
gas concentration, environmental parameters, and
wind field data; constructing a state-
space model to filter
gas concentration and extract rate-of-change features; establishing a gas transport model based on
wind speed,
wind direction, and the platform's relative position, calculating prior
time delays and fine-tuning based on
correlation analysis to align gas and image data; constructing
a weighting function based on
wind field geometric relationships to fuse and generate unified gas evidence; and finally constructing a temporal
probability model including four states: normal, interference, smoldering, and open
flame, using gas evidence, thermal evidence, and
smoke evidence as observation inputs to infer the fire state. This invention solves the problems of spatiotemporal misalignment, weak anti-interference ability, and poor environmental adaptability in existing
monitoring methods, enabling early, accurate, and robust monitoring of smoldering fires.