128 results about "Gaseous hydrocarbon" patented technology

A method for pyrolysis of a mass of waste material, includes: providing a screw arrangement adapted to supply heat to the mass by mechanical shear; providing a reactor after the screw arrangement, adapted to supply heat to the mass in the absence of oxygen by heating the reactor wall; heating the mass to an exit temperature and increasing the pressure to an exit pressure in the screw arrangement; thermally degrading the mass in the reactor. The mass is brought into an extreme condition at the exit temperature and exit pressure by the screw arrangement, such that during the pressure drop pyrolysis occurs, thereby forming gaseous hydrocarbons within the connecting element.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a solar coupling hydrocarbon fuel reforming low-carbon oil displacement system which comprises a solar collecting lens, a gasification cavity, a reaction cavity, a solar heat collector, a condensation cavity, a hydrogen separation assembly and a catalyst. The solar collecting lens is arranged on one side of the solar heat collector; the gasification cavity and the reaction cavity are arranged in the solar heat collector; a hydrogen separation assembly and a catalyst are arranged in the reaction cavity, the gasification cavity is used for gasifying input excessive liquid water and hydrocarbon fuel to obtain gaseous hydrocarbon fuel and excessive water vapor, the gaseous hydrocarbon fuel and the excessive water vapor are subjected to a water vapor reforming reaction under the action of the catalyst, and generated hydrogen is discharged through the hydrogen separation assembly; the remaining carbon dioxide and water vapor are conveyed into a gas injection well to conduct oil displacement on an oil field; the condensation cavity is connected with the mining well. The efficient and environment-friendly device based on hydrocarbon fuel wet reforming directly heats and displaces oil by recovering hydrogen and residual reaction products, so that the energy utilization rate is increased, and carbon dioxide is recovered.

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, in particular to a hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation method for marine hydrocarbon source rocks. On the basis of determining terrestrial source and sea source organic matter proportions of marine facies hydrocarbon source rocks in different sedimentary areas, marine facies hydrocarbon source rock thermal simulation experiments of different terrestrial source / sea source organic matter proportions are carried out, and gaseous hydrocarbon yields of the marine facies hydrocarbon source rocks of different terrestrial source / sea source organic matter proportions and isotope characteristics and activation energy of gaseous hydrocarbons of different maturity degrees are determined; according to generation, storage and cover layer parameters of a research area, selecting a suitable model and giving suitable parameter values, performing numerical simulation on hydrocarbon source rocks with different terrestrial / sea source organic matter proportions, and finally quantitatively determining hydrocarbon generation potential of hydrocarbon source rocks with different sedimentary areas and different terrestrial / sea source organic matter proportions in the research area by combining burial-thermal history evolution of the research area. And obtaining a hydrocarbon generation and expulsion period and a charging process, and determining a main reservoir forming period. Compared with the prior art, the hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation accuracy of the marine hydrocarbon source rock can be greatly improved.

A method of converting a polymer including contacting a catalyst with a low-density polyethylene polymer to form a mixture and heating the mixture to a temperature of 200 degrees Celsius (° C.) to 600° C. in a microwave reactor to form a product. The catalyst includes an HZSM-5 zeolite, and 1 weight percent (wt. %) to 10 wt. % gallium and 0.1% to 5 wt. % copper, based on the total weight of the catalyst.

The present invention discloses a boron-containing, high-temperature-resistant, near-stoichiometric silicon carbide fiber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes a spinning stage, an infusibility stage, a pre-sintering stage, a densification sintering stage, and a nitriding stage, and is characterized in that: in the infusibility stage, the metal-doped polycarbosilane precursor fiber obtained in the spinning stage is subjected to a boron-doping reaction in an atmosphere containing boron trichloride and a cross-linking reaction in an atmosphere of a gaseous hydrocarbon having a carbon-carbon double bond. The method is simple to operate, has high production efficiency, low production cost, and is easy to use for large-scale industrial production. The prepared boron-containing, high-temperature-resistant, near-stoichiometric silicon carbide fiber has the advantages of low oxygen content, high degree of densification, few defects, stable structure, high tensile strength modulus, large grain size, and good high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance.

There is described a method for pyrolyzing a plastic material, the method comprising the steps of:-heating the plastic material to a pyrolysis temperature to provide a fluid stream comprising liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons of the at least partially pyrolyzed material; injecting the fluid stream of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons into a gas-liquid separation vessel, wherein the gaseous and liquid materials are separated preferably under the action of gravity; -releasing the gaseous material from the separation vessel for processing the gaseous material into a hydrocarbon product; -accumulating the liquid in a bottom portion of the separation vessel and subjecting the liquid to further pyrolysis; wherein a fluid stream of the liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons is injected to create a swirling or swirling fluid flow in the separation vessel.

A method for converting plastic waste into polypropylene includes (a) converting the plastic waste into a hydrocarbon liquid stream and a gaseous hydrocarbon stream in a catalytic pyrolysis unit, wherein the gaseous hydrocarbon stream is greater than about 60% by weight of the output and contains greater than about 40% by weight of light olefins; (b) introducing the gaseous hydrocarbon stream into one or more separation units to produce a first propylene stream, a first ethylene stream, a first butene stream, and a saturated gas stream, wherein the saturated gas stream contains C1 to C4 saturated hydrocarbons; (c) optionally, feeding the first propylene stream into a purification unit to produce a polymer-grade propylene stream; and (d) feeding the first propylene stream and, if present, the polymer-grade propylene stream into a polymerization unit to produce polypropylene.

A process is described for synthesising hydrocarbons comprising the steps of: (a) feeding a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a reverse water-gas shift unit to form a crude synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide carbon dioxide and steam, (b) cooling the crude synthesis gas to condense water and removing water, and optionally carbon dioxide, from the crude synthesis gas to produce a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, (c) passing the feed stream though a hydrocarbon synthesis unit comprising a reactor containing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to form a product stream comprising a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, a co-produced water stream, and a tail gas stream containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and gaseous hydrocarbons, and (d) upgrading the product stream in an upgrading unit to produce an upgraded product stream, wherein a naphtha stream is separated from the product stream or the upgraded product stream, at least a portion of the tail gas stream is fed with steam to a first derichment vessel containing a derichment catalyst to form a first gas mixture containing methane, at least a portion of the naphtha stream is fed with hydrogen and steam to a second derichment vessel containing a derichment catalyst to form a second gas mixture containing methane, and the first and second gas mixtures containing methane are fed to the reverse water gas shift unit. A system for performing the process is also provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature liquefied hydrocarbon gasification, in particular to a system and method for normal-temperature storage and low-temperature C1-C4 liquefied hydrocarbon gasification. The system comprises a low-temperature liquefied hydrocarbon storage raw material tank, a low-temperature liquid booster pump, a liquefied hydrocarbon gasifier, a circulating air heater and a circulating fan which are sequentially connected through pipelines and necessary pipe fittings, and the circulating fan is connected with the liquefied hydrocarbon gasifier to form a low-temperature liquefied hydrocarbon gasification flow path and a circulating gas flow path. The low-temperature liquefied hydrocarbon gasification flow path is a flow path for heating and gasifying liquid hydrocarbon by the liquefied hydrocarbon gasifier to form gas hydrocarbon to an external production device; and the circulating gas flow path is a flow path through which circulating gas circulates between the liquefied hydrocarbon gasifier and the circulating air heater under the pressurization of the circulating fan. The system is safe, reliable, feasible in industrialization and stable in operation, the frosting problem of the air temperature type vaporizer can be effectively solved, the process is simple, and a heating medium is safe, environmentally friendly and easy to obtain.

Systems and methods of pyrolyzing gaseous hydrocarbons include a reaction chamber and a plenum in fluid communication therewith. A light source directs electromagnetic radiation through a window into the reaction chamber. A first recirculation conduit connected between an offtake and an intake of the reaction chamber recirculates to the intake of the reaction chamber a portion of an aerosol product from the offtake of the reaction chamber. A filter operatively associated with the offtake of the reaction chamber receives un-recirculated amounts of the aerosol product and produces a retentate that includes particulate matter removed from the aerosol product. First and second gas separators operatively associated with the filter separate hydrogen and unreacted hydrocarbons from a filtrate of the filter. A second recirculation conduit connected between the second gas separator and the intake of the plenum recirculates unreacted hydrocarbons from the filtrate to the plenum.

The application discloses a method for determining hydrocarbon saturation of a logging reservoir and related equipment, and relates to the field of oil and gas exploration. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining gas logging data and logging porosity data; obtaining natural gas volume and gas-oil ratio data under surface conditions based on the gas logging data, wherein the gas-oil volume ratio data comprises gas volume coefficient, crude oil volume coefficient, gas-oil ratio, and gas-oil ratio when the formation pressure is the bubble point pressure; the reservoir hydrocarbon saturation comprises at least one of gas saturation, oil saturation and total hydrocarbon saturation; calculating oil and gas property parameters under surface conditions; calculating oil and gas property parameters under reservoir conditions based on formation temperature and pressure conditions; judging the saturation state of the reservoir based on the bubble point line temperature and pressure conditions, and judging the oil and gas reservoir saturation state according to the formation pressure and the reservoir bubble point pressure, wherein the oil and gas saturation state comprises liquid hydrocarbon single-phase state, gaseous hydrocarbon single-phase state and oil-gas mixed-phase state; and obtaining the reservoir hydrocarbon saturation based on the reservoir saturation state, the natural gas volume under the surface conditions, the logging porosity data and the gas-oil volume ratio data.

A process for converting hydrocarbons utilizes a reactor including a central axis, a feed assembly, and a reactor vessel defining a reaction chamber. A fuel gas feed and an oxidant gas feed are introduced into the feed assembly in a swirling fluid flow pattern, which combust to form a swirling combustion gas. A raw C4 hydrocarbon stream received from an upstream hydrocarbon processing system and a hydrocarbon reactant feed of liquid hydrocarbons are introduced into the central chamber. The liquid feed is introduced as a liquid spray in a flow pattern that is not perpendicular to the central axis. A hydrocarbon feed is mixed with the swirling combustion gas to form a swirling heated mixture that passes from the central chamber through convergent-divergent conduits and into the reaction chamber to react to form a converted hydrocarbon product.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalytic material synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing second metal modified beta-Mo2C, which comprises the following steps: placing a precursor in a plasma generator, introducing gaseous hydrocarbon as a carbon source into the plasma generator, simultaneously introducing hydrogen as a reducing gas, controlling the gas flow to be 100-200mL / min, controlling the volume ratio of C to H2 to be 1: 12-1: 2, and controlling the reaction temperature to be 20-30 DEG C; under the reduction carbonization action of the reaction gas, beta-Mo2C is generated; the precursor is a mixture of molybdenum salt and second metal salt, and the second metal is loaded on the beta-Mo2C in a simple substance form. The method has the advantages that the method is convenient to operate, a heat source is avoided, the prepared M-Mo2C material is uniform in granularity, low in surface carbon content and good in catalytic performance, and abundant active sites and diffusion environments are provided.

A chemical processing unit includes a ceramic-containing structure; and a coating layer in contact with at least a portion of the ceramic-containing structure and capable of reducing or preventing degradation of the ceramic-containing structure by a process fluid at a processing temperature, wherein the process fluid includes two or more of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, carbon monoxide gas, carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, and a gaseous hydrocarbon; wherein the coating layer includes one or more coating materials following at least one of the chemical formulas: MxOz, MxSiyOz, and MxPyOz, wherein M is a metal, x ranges from 1 to 4, y ranges from 1 to 4, and z ranges from 1 to 7.

This application relates to a method for preparing liquid hydrocarbons from waste plastics, comprising the following steps: S1: mixing waste plastics and a pyrolysis catalyst to obtain a first mixture; S2: subjecting the first mixture to a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction to obtain a first mixed oil-gas component and a first solid product; S3: separating the first mixed oil-gas component and the first solid product; S4: catalytically recombining the first mixed oil-gas component to obtain a second mixed oil-gas component; S5: fractionating and refining the second mixed oil-gas component to obtain gaseous hydrocarbons and liquid hydrocarbons. This application also relates to a system for preparing liquid hydrocarbons from waste plastics. This application solves the technological challenges of chemical recycling of waste plastics, enabling its catalytic conversion reaction to generate more industrial raw materials, addressing the environmental pollution caused by the incineration of waste plastics, and enhancing the utilization value of waste plastic cracking catalysts, bringing significant economic and social benefits to the petrochemical industry.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical synthesis, in particular to a preparation method and application of a polyacrylamide derivative, and the preparation method comprises the following step: reacting polyacrylamide with aldehyde to obtain the polyacrylamide derivative. The prepared polyacrylamide derivative can be used as a desulfurizing agent to reduce sulfur-containing pollutants of crude oil, dry hydrocarbon gas, wet hydrocarbon gas, wastewater, liquid hydrocarbon, gaseous hydrocarbon, asphalt, drilling fluid and the like, the efficiency of removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan is high, and the problem that the efficiency of removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan is generally low in the existing desulfurizing agent is solved; the catalyst has thermal degradation resistance and can maintain the stability of desulfurization; in addition, the preparation method is simple in process, low in cost, green, environmentally friendly and suitable for large-scale production and application.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing hydrogen cyanide from a carbon-containing solid and ammonia gas, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen cyanide production. The method comprises the following steps: contacting ammonia gas with a carbon-containing solid heated to a reaction temperature, and carrying out a gas-solid reaction to generate a high-temperature gas containing hydrogen cyanide; according to the invention, the technical route that the existing hydrogen cyanide production technology mainly depends on a gaseous hydrocarbon carbon source, a noble metal catalyst and external combustion heat supply is changed, and the problems of limited raw material sources, easiness in catalyst deactivation, slow process start-stop response and the like are solved.

The present application relates to the field of oil and gaseous hydrocarbon preparation by microwave-driven polyolefin pyrolysis reforming. More particularly, it relates to a process method of microwave-driven catalytic polyolefin pyrolysis reforming. The polyolefin pyrolysis reforming is carried out by using a microwave reaction device with a PLC control unit, a carrier gas adjusting unit and a reaction unit; the polyolefin raw material is located at the bottom of the reaction unit, the catalyst is stacked on the polyolefin raw material to form a catalyst bed, and the bottom of the catalyst bed is in contact with the polyolefin raw material to form a horizontal material contact surface; the process method comprises: under the action of microwave, the polyolefin raw material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction at the material contact surface to generate primary pyrolysis products; as the polyolefin raw material is consumed, the catalyst sinks under gravity and maintains the horizontal material contact surface; the primary pyrolysis products pass through the catalyst bed from bottom to top and are gradually pyrolyzed into oil components and / or gaseous hydrocarbon components, thereby realizing the catalytic reforming of the polyolefin raw material.

A method of recovering gaseous hydrocarbons from tank headspace as fuel on-site includes flowing a hydrocarbon gas composition from headspace of a tank fed by a secondary separator into a compressor to form a compressed mixture. The method includes flowing the compressed mixture into a cooling unit to cool the compressed mixture, to form a cooled composition including liquid hydrocarbons. The method includes flowing the cooled composition to a buffer tank to form a buffered fuel composition. The method includes removing a fuel gas composition from headspace of the buffer tank. The method also includes combusting the fuel gas composition as an on-site fuel.

Plant and process for converting a gaseous hydrocarbon feed to methanol, optionally to a transportation range fuel such as any of a gasoline product, a jet fuel product, and a diesel product; the plant including a synthesis gas section, a methanol synthesis section, optionally and a transportation range fuel synthesis section. The plant also includes diverting and supplying a purge gas from the methanol synthesis section to a water gas shift (WGS) section, CO2-removal section, and a first hydrogen purification section. In an embodiment, the first hydrogen purification section provides a first H2-rich gas, a second H2-rich gas, and a first hydrogen purification section off-gas. One or more fired heaters are suitably arranged to receive at least a portion of the second H2-rich gas.

Producing hydrogen gas includes combining a gaseous feedstock stream with a particulate catalyst, wherein the gaseous feedstock stream comprises a gaseous hydrocarbon, and the particulate catalyst is selected to promote decomposition of the gaseous hydrocarbon; entraining the particulate catalyst in the gaseous feedstock stream to yield an aerosolized reaction mixture comprising aerosolized catalyst particles; and heating the aerosolized reaction mixture to decompose the gaseous hydrocarbon, thereby yielding a product stream comprising elemental carbon and hydrogen gas.

A process for synthesizing hydrocarbons is described, the process comprising the steps of: (a) feeding a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a reverse water gas shift unit to form a crude synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and steam, (b) cooling the crude syngas to condensate water and removing water and optionally carbon dioxide from the crude syngas to produce a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, (c) passing the feed stream through a hydrocarbon synthesis unit comprising a reactor comprising a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to form a product stream comprising a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, a co-produced water stream, and a tail gas stream comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and gaseous hydrocarbons, and (d) upgrading the product stream in an upgrading unit to produce an upgraded product stream, wherein a naphtha stream is separated from the product stream or the upgraded product stream, feeding at least a portion of the tail gas stream together with steam to a first depletion vessel containing a depletion catalyst to form a first gas mixture containing methane, at least a portion of the naphtha stream is fed together with hydrogen and steam to a second depletion vessel containing a depletion catalyst to form a second gas mixture containing methane, and the first gas mixture containing methane and the second gas mixture are fed to the reverse water gas shift unit. A system for performing the method is also provided.

The application discloses a method for obtaining reservoir gas-oil ratio based on gas logging Pickett ratio, which comprises the following steps: obtaining lithology and hydrocarbon content data of a well section providing gaseous hydrocarbon; the hydrocarbon content data is obtained by measuring drilling fluid; obtaining hydrocarbon increase rate data according to the lithology and the hydrocarbon content data; the hydrocarbon increase rate data comprises at least one of component and net increase rate and total hydrocarbon net increase rate; obtaining reservoir gas-oil ratio of the oil and gas reservoir according to the hydrocarbon increase rate data and a preset gas-oil ratio compensation coefficient. The application can more accurately obtain the reservoir gas-oil ratio, and realizes fine processing under different hydrocarbon source conditions in the data processing process.

The invention relates to a device (1) for producing a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons and hydrogen, intended to be arranged upstream of at least one burner of a gas-fired boiler. The invention relates to a device (1) for regulating hydrogen, comprising at least:-a venturi tube (2),-a first inlet opening (3) for gaseous hydrocarbons,-an outlet opening (4) for a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons and hydrogen produced by the device (1),-a second inlet opening (5) for hydrogen,-a hydrogen regulating and safety unit (6) connected to the second inlet opening (5) and to a neck of the venturi tube (2), and-a pressure switch (7) measuring the pressure of the hydrogen entering through the second inlet opening (5),-a differential pressure switch (8) between the inlet and the neck of the venturi tube (2), and-an electronic control box (9) for regulating the hydrogen supply.

A portable gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant includes a reforming reactor and a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor. The reforming reactor forms syngas from an oxidizer stream and a gaseous hydrocarbon feed. The FT reactor forms a hydrocarbon outlet stream from the syngas. The hydrocarbon outlet stream includes carbon compounds having about eight to about 20 carbons.

Systems and methods are provided for forming particles containing pyrolysis coke during a forced-circulation hydrocarbon pyrolysis process. The gaseous hydrocarbon pyrolysis configuration described herein provides reduced coke fouling of the pyrolysis system. This is achieved using a forced circulation reactor design to move circulating coke through the reactor system. The gaseous hydrocarbon pyrolysis configuration is proposed to prevent the undesirable operational affects that occur in reaction zones that do not contain solid particles by maintaining an amount of solid particles above a threshold solids density in areas of the system with pyrolysis conditions. The threshold solids density is a density at which carbon formed during the pyrolysis reaction will have increased selectivity for depositing on circulating solid (coke) particles, while reducing or minimizing coke deposition on system surfaces.

A process for synthesizing hydrocarbons is described, the process comprising: (a) feeding a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a reverse water gas shift unit to form a crude synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor; (b) cooling the crude synthesis gas to condense water and removing water and optionally carbon dioxide from the crude synthesis gas to produce a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and (c) passing the feed stream through a hydrocarbon synthesis unit comprising a reactor containing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to form a product stream comprising a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, a co-product water stream, and a tail gas stream containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and gaseous hydrocarbons. and (d) upgrading the product stream in an upgrading unit to produce an upgraded product stream, wherein a naphtha stream is separated from the product stream or the upgraded product stream, at least a portion of the tail gas stream is supplied with steam to a first de-enrichment vessel containing a de-enrichment catalyst to form a first gas mixture containing methane, at least a portion of the naphtha stream is supplied with hydrogen and steam to a second de-enrichment vessel containing a de-enrichment catalyst to form a second gas mixture containing methane, and the first and second gas mixtures containing methane are supplied to a reverse water gas shift unit. A system for carrying out this process is also provided.

The present invention provides a reduction system and method that can be operated with any proportion of gaseous hydrogen-containing gases and gaseous hydrocarbon-containing gases having the possibility of continuing its operation, ensuring an high process availability and negligible loss of production, when the gaseous hydrogen-containing gas for any reason is not available and allow the substitution of the gaseous hydrogen-containing gas with a gaseous hydrocarbon-containing gas with minor adjustments in the plant operation. The reduction system of the invention is designed to be implemented in new and already built direct reduction plants to operate efficiently and has lower capital and operation costs.

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing graphene from waste plastics, and belongs to the technical field of treatment of waste plastics. The device comprises an automatic feeding module, a fixed bed pyrolysis module, a bubbling bed catalysis module and a product separation module, the automatic feeding module is used for inputting reaction raw materials into the fixed bed pyrolysis module, and the reaction raw materials comprise waste plastics; the fixed bed pyrolysis module is used for pyrolyzing the reaction raw materials to obtain a pyrolysis product; the bubbling bed catalysis module is used for carrying out catalytic reaction on the pyrolysis product in a bubbling form in the presence of a catalyst to obtain graphene and a gas product; and the product separation module is used for separating the gas product to obtain a gas product containing C2-C4 hydrocarbon. According to the method, the waste plastic can be fully converted into high-value graphene and C2-C4 hydrocarbon, and efficient recycling of the waste plastic is achieved.

There is provided a method for pyrolyzing a plastic material, the method comprising the steps of:-heating the plastic material to a pyrolysis temperature to provide a fluid stream comprising liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons of the at least partially pyrolyzed material; -passing the fluid stream of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons into a gas-liquid separation vessel, wherein the gaseous and liquid materials are separated preferably under the action of gravity; -releasing the gaseous material from the separation vessel for processing the gaseous material into a hydrocarbon product; -accumulating the liquid in a bottom portion of the separation vessel and subjecting the liquid to further pyrolysis; and-determining the liquid level in the separation vessel by means of radar, radioactivity, temperature, mass and / or pressure measurements.