48 results about "Liquid fraction" patented technology

The invention relates to a system (1) for the thermal depolymerization of plastic waste, comprising a primary reactor (2) equipped with a heating device, an inlet (3) for feeding plastic waste, an outlet (27) for discharging an aerosol mixture, and an outlet (5) for discharging the solid residue, and the first condensation unit (4), which is equipped with the first primary vessel (10) and connected to the outlet (27) for discharging the aerosol mixture and is equipped with the outlet (6) for the liquid fraction and the outlet (7) for the gaseous fraction, further comprising a secondary reactor (8) equipped with a heating device and a catalyst and connected to the first condensation unit (4) via the outlet (6) for the liquid fraction, and further comprising the second condensation unit (9) which is connected to the secondary reactor (8).wherein a siphon-like pressure barrier (26) is arranged between the primary reactor (2) and the secondary reactor (8) and is placed in the first primary vessel (10).

Processes for quantitating the corrosivity of naphthenic acids in a sample comprising crude oil or a liquid fraction thereof by reacting the sample with a metal comprising iron to produce iron naphthenates that are then stabilized by a ligand. The stabilized iron naphthenates are then analyzed by mass spectrometry to accurately quantitate the percentage of total naphthenic acids in the sample that are iron-reactive naphthenic acids associated with metal corrosion.

This document discloses a system and method for separating cracked hydrocarbon mixtures. A main fractionation column separates the cracked hydrocarbon mixture into top, side, and bottom fractions containing C1 to C6+ hydrocarbons. A top condenser and high-pressure separation system partially condenses the top fraction and compresses the uncondensed vapor to produce a compressed gas fraction and a compressed liquid fraction. A first distillation column receives the compressed liquid fraction and separates it into a first top vapor and a first bottom fraction. A second distillation column separates the first bottom fraction into a second top fraction and a second bottom fraction. An absorber receives a portion of the second bottom fraction and the side liquid fraction and contacts it in countercurrent flow with the compressed gas fraction, thereby producing an absorber top fraction and absorber bottom fraction containing exhaust gas. Such a system can be used to integrate existing FCC / RFCC units with petrochemical complexes.

A process for the production of a membrane protein is provided. The process including the steps of: expressing a membrane protein in a host organism present in an aqueous medium, liberating the membrane protein from the host organism, adding a detergent solution to solubilize the membrane protein, recovering a liquid fraction of the solubilized membrane protein, subjecting the liquid fraction to chromatography to bind or retain the membrane protein on a stationary phase, and eluting the stationary phase with an elution buffer to produce the membrane protein. The process can produce relatively large amounts of membrane proteins in an efficient way without compromising the quality of the end product.

The invention relates to a method for processing a solid material comprising asbestos fibres, comprising the following steps: - grinding the solid material, - bringing the solid material into contact with an aqueous acid solution, resulting in at least some of the asbestos fibres being dissolved, - separating the liquid (5) and solid (4) fractions of the products resulting from the dissolving process. This method is characterised in that it further comprises the following steps: - diffusion dialysis of the liquid fraction (5) in order to produce a regenerated aqueous acid solution (9), - using the regenerated aqueous acid solution (9) in the step of bringing the ground solid material into contact with an aqueous acid solution. The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.

A method for preparing a filtered beverage includes filtering a raw beverage using a cross-flow ultrafiltration device to produce a solids fraction and a liquid fraction; heating the solids fraction to a temperature of 60° C. or greater to produce a pasteurized solids fraction; microfiltering the liquid fraction through a microfilter having a size cut-off of 1 μm or smaller to produce a microfiltered liquid fraction; and combining the pasteurized solids fraction and the microfiltered liquid fraction to result in the filtered beverage.

The invention relates to a method for treating wastewater in a wastewater treatment plant (2), the method comprising: • - a step of biological treatment of wastewater in an activated sludge bioreactor (4), • - a step of transferring mixed liquor from the bioreactor (4) to a device (6) for separating the solids and liquids from the mixed liquor, the transfer being carried out via a hydraulic circuit (8) connecting the bioreactor (4) to the device (6) for separating the solids and liquids, and • - a step of separating the solids and liquids from the mixed liquor in the separation device (6), characterized in that it comprises a step of introducing ozone into the hydraulic circuit (8), the method comprising an additional treatment step downstream of the step of separating the solids and liquids, wherein the step of introducing ozone into the hydraulic circuit (8) comprises the following steps: - collecting a liquid fraction at the outlet of the separation step and / or at the outlet of an additional treatment step, - passing the liquid fraction into at least one gas / liquid mixing member, for example a hydroejector, and enriching the liquid fraction by injecting gaseous ozone into the gas / liquid mixing member.

The present invention relates to a method for purifying ethylene carbonate from a crude ethylene carbonate composition, and this method is a) A step of subjecting a crude composition containing ethylene carbonate to at least one distillation step to obtain a pre-purified composition containing at least 99.5% by weight of ethylene carbonate, b) A step of subjecting the pre-purified composition obtained in step a) to at least one melt crystallization step to obtain a purified ethylene carbonate composition. Includes, This method is carried out in a plant comprising at least one distillation column, one vessel, at least one crystallizer, and a supply line for a crude composition containing ethylene carbonate, wherein if the plant comprises one distillation column, the distillation column, or if the plant comprises two or more distillation columns, the first distillation column, comprises a top discharge line, a bottom discharge line, and a side discharge line, and at least one crystallizer comprises an inflow line for a pre-purified composition and a discharge line for the purified ethylene carbonate composition, and the side discharge line of the distillation column is directly or indirectly connected to the inflow line for the pre-purified composition of at least one crystallizer. i) The vessel is connected to a supply line and an inlet line for a crude composition containing ethylene carbonate, the inlet line being connected to the gas outlet of a first reboiler, the first reboiler being further connected to a bottom discharge line of a distillation column, the vessel further comprising a discharge line leading to the inlet line of the distillation column via a second reboiler, the bottom fraction of the distillation column being taken out of the distillation column via the bottom discharge line being partially evaporated in the first reboiler to obtain a gaseous fraction and a liquid fraction, or, ii) A feed line for the crude composition containing ethylene carbonate leads to a distillation column, the bottom discharge line of the distillation column leads to a vessel via a first reboiler, the vessel has a gas outlet connected to the inlet line of the distillation column, the vessel has a liquid outlet connected to a line leading to a second reboiler, the second reboiler has a gas outlet connected to the inlet line of the distillation column, the bottom fraction of the distillation column taken out of the distillation column via the bottom discharge line is partially evaporated in the first reboiler, and at least a portion of the gaseous fraction obtained in the first reboiler is recirculated into the distillation column via the inlet line.

The present disclosure provides a PPI extraction process and PPI produced by the process and use of the PPI. The PPI extraction process comprises steps of a) protein extraction from a neutral or basic aqueous solution, optionally comprising SHMP, b) separation of solids from the aqueous solution, producing a protein-rich liquid fraction, and c) precipitation of protein by lowering pH, optionally in the presence of SHMP, thereby producing a PPI.

The invention relates to a method for utilizing by-products of edible flour processing, in which a purified solution containing monosaccharides is obtained by hydrolysis of the starch component of the waste and solid residues rich in insoluble fibers and proteins and / or oligopeptides and liquid fractions rich in soluble proteins and fibers are separated.

A multi-functional slurry processing system (“VARCOR”) and associated methods is disclosed. The present examples provide a multi-functional slurry processing system incorporating systems and methods for separating liquid and solid components in slurries. In particular the systems and methods described herein produce clean water, dried solids, and potential concentration of desirable constituents with a boiling point lower than water. At least one example of the multi-functional slurry processing system provides a self-contained processing facility configured to efficiently convert high water-content slurries into its constituent solid and liquid fractions and subsequently generating and collecting clean water and concentrating desirable constituents with a boiling point lower than water. The multi-functional slurry processing system advantageously applies thermodynamic principles in a system which may include various combinations of a preheater, a degassing unit, a dryer, a steam filter, a compressor, a concentrating tower, and a condensation unit.

A method for preparing a filtered beverage includes filtering a raw beverage using a cross-flow ultrafiltration device to produce a solids fraction and a liquid fraction; heating the solids fraction to a temperature of 60°C or greater to produce a pasteurized solids fraction; microfiltering the liquid fraction through a microfilter having a size cut-off of 1 μm or smaller to produce a microfiltered liquid fraction; and combining the pasteurized solids fraction and the microfiltered liquid fraction to result in the filtered beverage.

The present invention concerns a method of extracting and refining wax from plant material. Briefly, the method comprises the steps of (a) providing plant material comprising cuticular wax, (b) disassociating cuticular wax from the plant material by subjecting said plant material to a dry mechanical treatment and suspending the dry mechanically treated material, or a fraction thereof, in an aqueous solution comprising protease and / or pectinase enzymes, thereby obtaining a sample comprising plant derived cuticular wax and dewaxed plant material in an aqueous suspension, (c) solubilizing the plant derived cuticular wax by increasing the temperature of the sample, (d) separating the suspension into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction comprising melted plant derived cuticular wax, (e) adjusting the pH and temperature of the liquid fraction to pH 5.5 or lower and 50° C. or lower, respectively, (f) separating the mixture into a waxy fraction and an aqueous fraction, (g) recovering the plant derived cuticular wax from the waxy fraction.

The invention relates to a method for producing hydrocarbon fluids, the method comprising: a) a step of providing a tyre oil fraction having a final boiling point of no more than 400°C; b) a step of hydrotreatment, in which the tyre oil fraction is brought into contact with dihydrogen in the presence of a hydrocarbon feedstock of natural origin containing fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters, in a hydrotreatment zone in the presence of at least one catalyst, under conditions suitable for carrying out hydrotreatment and forming a hydrotreated effluent comprising a hydrotreated liquid fraction and a non-condensables fraction; c) a step of separating the hydrotreated effluent from step b), during which the non-condensables fraction is separated from the hydrotreated liquid fraction; the hydrotreated liquid fraction can then be further treated, for example by hydroisomerisation and / or hydrocracking, or separated into streams that can be used as fuel.

A method for processing animal products, in particular products from poultry farming, comprising the steps of: a) chemical treatment by contacting collected waste with an ammonia-based buffer having a pH of at least 8; b) heat treatment of the material resulting from step a) by heating it to a temperature of at least 70°C under a humid medium; c) separation of organic and inorganic matter from the material resulting from step b) in the presence of water, followed by collection of (i) a liquid fraction comprising inorganic matter and (ii) a solid fraction comprising organic matter, respectively; and d) addition of the liquid fraction comprising inorganic matter resulting from step c(ii) to a tank (22) filled with water, the water being kept at a set point temperature range of 20°C to 42°C, preferably 28°C to 35°C, in a controlled manner, in which tank protein-rich plants or bacteria, in particular microalgae or cyanobacteria, preferably Spirulina, are cultivated. A system for implementing the method is also disclosed.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a protein isolate, comprising the following steps: supplying a seed; micronizing the seed to obtain a micronized fraction; treating the micronized fraction by air separation to collect a starch-enriched fraction; mixing the starch-enriched fraction with an aqueous liquid to form a liquid substrate; hydrolyzing the starch in the liquid substrate to obtain a hydrolyzed substrate; contacting the liquid substrate with at least one enzyme selected from xylanases, glucanases, and combinations thereof; fermenting the hydrolyzed substrate to obtain a fermented medium; distilling the fermented medium to collect a distillate and a distillation residue; treating the distillation residue by solid-liquid separation to obtain a liquid fraction and a solid fraction; collecting the solid fraction. No figure.

A method for separating a fraction of super-absorbent polymers (SAP) from post-consumer absorbent sanitary products, said post-consumer absorbent sanitary products further including at least one cellulose fraction and one plastic fraction. The method includes the steps of sterilizing the post-consumer absorbent sanitary products and treating said post-consumer absorbent sanitary products by immersion in a bath with an aqueous solution containing at least one oxidizing compound. The oxidizing compound is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium monopersulfate, and hydrogen peroxide; preferably hydrogen peroxide. The treatment by immersion allows cross-link cleavage and solubilizing of the SAP contained in said post-consumer absorbent sanitary products, and obtaining a suspension comprising i) a solid fraction and ii) a liquid fraction, wherein the liquid fraction comprises linear polyacrylate derived from the cross-link cleavage and solubilization of SAP.

The present disclosure provides an albumin enriched PPI extraction process and albumin enriched PPI produced by the process and use of albumin enriched PPI. The albumin enriched PPI extraction process comprises steps of a) protein extraction from aqueous solution comprising pea flour, b) separation of solids from the aqueous solution, producing a protein-rich liquid fraction, and c) precipitation of protein by use of Na, Ca, or Mg salt or combination thereof, thereby producing an albumin enriched PPI.

The invention relates to a pre-compressor (400) comprising at least two jet pumps (100) connected in parallel for conveying a suction fluid (242) in a refrigerant circuit (200) of a temperature control system using a propellant fluid (231) utilizing the Bernoulli effect, and a liquid phase separator (250) for separating a liquid fraction (252) from a gas fraction (253) of a mixed fluid (251) ejected by at least one of the at least two jet pumps (100), wherein the jet pumps (100) each have at least one primary nozzle (103) for accelerating the propellant fluid, at least one secondary connection interface (102) for supplying the suction fluid, a mixing tube (104) downstream of the primary nozzle (103) and downstream of the secondary connection interface (102), and a diffuser (105) downstream of the mixing tube (104). exhibiting, wherein the liquid phase separator (250) has a cyclone separator (500),wherein the cyclone separator has several inlet ports (510) for receiving the mixing fluid (251), and wherein each of the at least two jet pumps (100) downstream of the diffuser (105) is directly fluid-connected to one of the several inlet ports (510). Furthermore, a refrigerant circuit (200) with such a pre-compressor (400) is proposed.

The present disclosure relates to a method and a system of cooling a stream of natural gas by exchanging heat with a mixed refrigerant, i.e. a refrigerant fluid composed of two or more components, the mixed refrigerant being cooled in a closed thermodynamic cycle, wherein a cooling effect is produced through cyclic thermodynamic transformations, including compression, cooling, condensation, expansion and vaporization, the method comprising the following cyclic steps: - compressing a main stream of mixed refrigerant to different pressure values by a multi-stage compressor (300) driven by a gas turbine (400), a mixed refrigerant liquid fraction being obtained from each stage of the multi-stage compressor (300) and a mixed refrigerant vapor fraction being obtained from the last stage of the multi-stage compressor (300); - cooling the mixed refrigerant liquid fractions and the mixed refrigerant vapor fraction by exchanging heat with the main stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant, to obtain a plurality of streams of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant at different pressure, - flashing the streams of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant at different pressure to one common pressure, for further cooling the streams of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant and obtaining a plurality of streams of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant at a same pressure, - re-combining the streams of subcooled mixed refrigerant to obtain the main stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant, - exchanging heat between the main stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant and the stream of natural gas, and - returning the main stream to the compressing step, wherein the method further comprises the following steps: - splitting a portion of the mixed refrigerant liquid fraction from one of the stages of the multi-stage compressor (300), to obtain an auxiliary stream of mixed refrigerant, - cooling the auxiliary stream of mixed refrigerant by exchanging heat with the main stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant in a dedicated heat exchanger pass, to obtain an auxiliary stream of slightly sub-cooled mixed refrigerant, - flashing the auxiliary stream of slightly sub-cooled mixed refrigerant, obtaining an auxiliary stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant, - exchanging heat between the auxiliary stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant and the inlet air directed to the gas turbine (400) or alternatively between the auxiliary stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant and a gas turbine inlet air chilling fluid, - re-combining the auxiliary stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant with the main stream of mixed refrigerant, downstream of the step of exchanging heat between the main stream of sub-cooled mixed refrigerant and the stream of natural gas, and - returning the main stream of mixed refrigerant to the compressing step.

The present invention relates to a method of separating carbon dioxide (C02) from a gas stream, the method comprising: providing a C02 containing gas stream to an absorption column; providing a composition comprising at least 20 wt% AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1 -propanol), and at least 55 wt% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to the absorption column; contacting the C02 containing gas stream with the composition in the absorption column to thereby form a slurry comprising a solid fraction and a liquid fraction; separating the slurry into a solid-predominated phase and a liquid-predominated phase, the solidpredominated phase comprising at least 85 wt% of the solid fraction, the liquid-predominated phase constituting at least 60 wt% of the slurry, the solid content of the liquid-predominated phase comprising being less than 15 wt% of the solid fraction; and re-circulating the liquid-predominated phase to the absorption column to form at least a part of said composition.

The present invention relates to a method of separating carbon dioxide (CO2) from a gas stream, the method comprising: providing a CO2 containing gas stream to an absorption column; providing a composition comprising at least 20 wt% AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol), and at least 55 wt% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to the absorption column; contacting the CO2 containing gas stream with the composition in the absorption column to thereby form a slurry comprising a solid fraction and a liquid fraction; separating the slurry into a solid-predominated phase and a liquid-predominated phase, the solid- predominated phase comprising at least 85 wt% of the solid fraction, the liquid-predominated phase constituting at least 60 wt% of the slurry, the solid content of the liquid-predominated phase comprising being less than 15 wt% of the solid fraction; and re-circulating the liquid-predominated phase to the absorption column to form at least a part of said composition.

The invention relates to a process for treating a solid material containing asbestos fibers, comprising the following steps: - grinding the solid material, - contacting the solid material with an aqueous acid solution, resulting in the dissolution of at least a portion of the asbestos fibers, - separating the liquid (5) and solid (4) fractions of the products resulting from the dissolution. This process is particular in that it further comprises the following steps: - dialysis by diffusion of said liquid fraction (5), in order to produce a regenerated aqueous acid solution (9), - use of said regenerated aqueous acid solution (9) in the step of contacting the ground solid material with an aqueous acid solution. The invention also relates to an installation for carrying out the process according to the invention. Figure for the abstract: Fig 1

The present disclosure relates generally to processes for separating an effluent in an acetic acid production unit. Accordingly, one aspect of the disclosure provides a process including transferring at least a portion of a carbonylation reaction effluent to the bottom section of a tank, evaporating at least a portion of the effluent to form a vapour fraction, spraying a spray liquid onto a porous demister surface of a demister section of the tank, collecting and returning a liquid fraction of the effluent from at least one chimney tray in the tank to a fractionation section or the bottom section of the tank, and withdrawing from a top section of the tank at least a portion of the vapour fraction, the vapour fraction comprising acetic acid, the vapour fraction having been passed from the bottom section through the fractionation section, and then through one or more chimneys of the at least one chimney tray, and then through the spray section, and then through the porous demister surface of the demister section.

A centrifugal separator (100) is disclosed, comprising a rotor (110) for separating a feed mixture into at least a first liquid fraction and a solid fraction. The rotor comprises a discharge outlet (120), which is controlled by an opening element to provide intermittent discharge of the solid fraction. The opening element is actuated by a pressurised liquid provided by a discharge control system (200) comprising a liquid channel (220) configured to fluidically connect the opening element to a reservoir with pressurised fluid, a control valve arrangement (230) operable to selectively open and close the liquid channel, and a control unit (240) configured to control the control valve arrangement to supply the opening element with the pressurised liquid. The discharge control system is configured to actuate the opening element based on a duration for which the control valve arrangement remains open.

A process for imparting stress on a liquid contained in a closed housing (1) by circulating the total volume of the liquid intermittently. The total volume of the liquid is circulated through the housing volume, the circulating including accelerating the liquid within an accelerating volume section of the housing, after passage of the liquid through the accelerating volume section passing the liquid through static passages within the housing, the liquid fraction filling the static passages as a passage volume, adjacent the static passages, passing the liquid between a rotor (10) and spaced-apart stators (21,22), and returning the liquid to the accelerating volume section until the entire liquid volume has moved through the accelerating volume section at least once, preferably at least two times, wherein the stress generated in the accelerating volume section encompasses a range of intensities. The acceleration and the circulating movement of the liquid is driven by the rotor rotating between the stators.

The present invention relates to a depolymerization method of a polyurethane mass, preferably, thermoset polyurethane. The method comprises four main steps: i) mixing the polyurethane mass with a depolymerization reaction medium comprising an ionic liquid in a proportion equal to or greater than 50% w / w with respect to the total weight of said medium, a superbase as a catalyst, and a nucleophilic agent in a proportion equal to or less than 15% w / w with respect to the total weight of said medium, subjecting said mixture to a temperature between 50-100° C. for a time comprised between 2 minutes and 10 hours; ii) adding a mass of a protic molecular solvent in an amount between 4 and 40 times more the weight of the depolymerization reaction medium; iii) subjecting the mixture of step ii) to a temperature between 20-60° C. for at least 1 hour; and iv) separating the fractions obtained in step iii); namely, a semisolid fraction comprising at least a polyol mass for reuse in the synthesis of a new polyurethane, and a single-phase liquid fraction comprising at least the ionic liquid and the basic catalyst, for their reuse in a new process for polyurethane depolymerization.

This invention discloses a simplified calculation method for fragment bed melting based on heat transfer rate, comprising: solving the enthalpy conservation equation; calculating the liquid fraction and temperature gradient vector of the fragment bed region grid and storing them in the grid; calculating the geometric dimensions of the molten pool formed by the fragment bed melting; calculating the characteristic parameters of the molten pool in the fragment bed melting region; calculating the heat transfer characteristic scale within the molten pool; calculating the heat transfer rate in the liquid phase region; calculating the heat transfer rate components of the grid and the heat transfer rate in the mushy region; calculating the explicit convection term; uniformly removing the explicit convection term; calculating the source term after the energy conservation equation is corrected; iteratively calculating the energy conservation equation to obtain the latest temperature distribution and liquid fraction distribution, thus completing the calculation of the fragment bed melting process within a unit time step. This invention eliminates the need to solve the momentum equation in the fragment bed melting process, while still describing the heat dissipation and temperature changes of the fragment bed in different directions, greatly improving the computational efficiency of the fragment bed melting process and ensuring computational accuracy.

A process is provided for upgrading low value lipid feedstocks for refinery processing. The process includes (a) treating a lipid feedstock comprising at least one fatty acid with a metal oxide catalyst on an oxide support under treating conditions to produce a treated stream, wherein the treating conditions include a temperature in a range of from 400° C. to 700° C.; a pressure in a range of from 0 to 10 MPa; and a liquid hourly space velocity in a range of from 0.1 to 10 h−1; and (b) fractionating the treated stream to obtain a gaseous fraction and a liquid fraction comprising a bio-oil; wherein the bio-oil has a lower content of oxygen and impurities as compared to the lipid feedstock.

The present invention refers to a method for the extraction of at least one metal from a low-silicate source material comprising said at least one metal, said method comprising: a) contacting said low-silicate source material with an acidic solvent comprising methanesulphonic acid (MSA) to form a first extraction mixture; b) maintaining the first extraction mixture at a temperature of between 1 and 160°C for a period of between 1 second and 24 hours; c) separating the first extraction mixture into a first solid fraction and a first liquid fraction; and d) recovering at least a first metal from the first liquid fraction; wherein said low-silicate source material comprises no more than 9% by weight silicate, measured as silica (SiO2).