130 results about "Polar lipids" patented technology

Stable solutions of lipophilic drugs, such as cyclosporin, forming a polar lipid self-emulsifying drug delivery system. The solutions can include lipophilic drugs, such as cyclosporin, dissolved in a polar lipid, such as having a C6-C12 fatty acid monoglyceride content of at least about 50%, surfactants and triglycerides. The composition forms a fine emulsion on exposure to water. The encapsulated dosage form of this composition needs neither a hydrophilic component nor air-tight blister packaging, and is particularly suitable for oral administration.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compositions and EPA-rich polar lipids for prophylactic or therapeutic applications are described. Production from certain cultured micro-organisms (like Nitzschia laevis) promotes synthesis of EPA, including polar lipids including EPA. The EPA-rich polar lipids themselves may be used as polar compounds. EPA can be selectively hydrolysed from particular positions in isolated polar lipids by lipase activity, then optionally further purified. The process bypasses reliance on diminishing fish stocks and on physico-chemical processes that may not adequately separate desirable n-3 HUFAs from unwanted products like DHA also found in fish oil and cultured organisms.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses for extracting non-polar lipids from microalgae are achieved using a lipid extraction device having an anode and a cathode that forms a channel and defines a fluid flow path through which an aqueous slurry is passed. An electromotive force is applied across the channel at a gap distance in a range from 0.5 mm to 200 mm to cause the non-polar lipids to be released from the algae cells. The non-polar lipids can be extracted at a high throughput rate and with low concentrations of polar lipids such as phospholipids and chlorophyll.

The production and use, and in particular, the extraction, separation, synthesis and recovery of polar lipid-rich fractions containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA(n-3) or DPA(n-6)), arachidonic acid (ARA), and eicosatetraneonoic acid (C20:4n-3) from microorganisms, genetically modified seeds and marine organisms (including fish and squid) and their use in human food applications, animal feed, pharmaceutical applications and cosmetic applications.

A method of isolating nutraceuticals products from algae is provided. A method of isolating carotenoids and omega-3 rich oil from algae includes dewatering substantially intact algal cells to make an algal biomass and adding a first ethanol fraction to the algal biomass. The method also includes separating a first substantially solid biomass fraction from a first substantially liquid fraction comprising proteins and combining the first substantially solid biomass fraction with a second ethanol fraction. The method further includes separating a second substantially solid biomass fraction from a second substantially liquid fraction comprising polar lipids and combining the second substantially solid biomass fraction with a third ethanol solvent fraction. The method also includes separating a third substantially solid biomass fraction from a third substantially liquid fraction comprising neutral lipids, wherein the third substantially solid biomass fraction comprises carbohydrates and separating the neutral lipids into carotenoids and omega-3 rich oil.

A method of isolating nutraceuticals products from algae is provided. A method of isolating carotenoids and omega-3 rich oil from algae includes dewatering substantially intact algal cells to make an algal biomass and adding a first ethanol fraction to the algal biomass. The method also includes separating a first substantially solid biomass fraction from a first substantially liquid fraction comprising proteins and combining the first substantially solid biomass fraction with a second ethanol fraction. The method further includes separating a second substantially solid biomass fraction from a second substantially liquid fraction comprising polar lipids and combining the second substantially solid biomass fraction with a third ethanol solvent fraction. The method also includes separating a third substantially solid biomass fraction from a third substantially liquid fraction comprising neutral lipids, wherein the third substantially solid biomass fraction comprises carbohydrates and separating the neutral lipids into carotenoids and omega-3 rich oil.

The present invention relates to compositions of nicotine comprising polar lipids and one or more fatty acids. The compositions may further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from the group consisting of flavoring agents, sweeteners, buffering agents, chewing gum base and preservatives. In specific aspects, the invention is directed to compositions comprising nicotine and one or more polar lipids which are capable of forming a liquid crystalline phase or a precursor or offspring thereof when placed in a polar solvent. The composition can be administered via a buccal, pulmonary, nasal or topical route.

The production and use, and in particular, the extraction, separation, synthesis and recovery of polar lipid-rich fractions containing gamma linolenic acid (GLA) and / or stearidonic acid (SDA) from seeds and microorganisms and their use in human food applications, animal feed, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

A method for separating neutral lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting neutral lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal neutral lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. The neutral lipids are removed after first removing a polar lipid fraction and a protein fraction. These neutral lipids can be used to generate renewable fuels as well as food products and supplements.

Use of the antimicrobial cathelicidin peptide ll-37, N-terminal fragments of LL-37 or extended sequences of LL-37 having 1-3 amino acids in the C-terminal end, for stimulating proliferation of epithalial and stromal cells and thereby healing of wounds, such as chronic ulcers. The cytotoxic effect of LL-37 may be reduced by including a bilayer-forming polar lipid, especially a digalactosyldiacylglycerol, in pharmaceutical compositions and growth media comprising LL-37.

The present invention provides a vaccine adjuvant consisting of a combination of a surfactant i.e. dimethyldeoctadecylammonium-bromide / chloride (DDA) and a lipid extract from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The total lipid extract contains both apolar lipids, polar lipids, and lipids of intermediate polarity of which the apolar lipids were found to induce the most powerful immune responses. The total lipids may be extracted with chloroform / methanol and re-dissolved in water before the addition of surfactant. This preparation may be used to induce prominent cell-mediated immune responses in a mammal in order to combat pathogens, or as a treatment for cancer.

A method for separating polar lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting polar lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal polar lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. These polar lipids are high value products which can be used as surfactants, detergents, and food additives. Neutral lipids remaining in the algal biomass after extraction of polar lipids can be used to generate renewable fuels.

A fungal wild-type lipolytic enzyme having a higher ratio of activity on polar lipids compared with triglycerides, wherein the enzyme preferably has a phospholipid:triglyceride activity ratio of at least 4. Preferably, the lipolytic enzyme according to the present invention has a glycolipid:triglyceride hydrolyzing activity ratio of at least 1.5. In one embodiment, the fungal lipolytic enzyme according to the present invention comprises an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID No. 2 or SEQ ID No. 4 or SEQ ID No. 6 or an amino acid sequence which has at least 90% identity thereto. The present invention further encompasses a nucleic acid encoding a fungal lipolytic enzyme, which nucleic acid is selected from the group consisting of: (a) a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide shown in SEQ ID No. 3, SEQ ID No. 5 or SEQ ID No. 7; (b) a nucleic acid which is related to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID No. 3, SEQ ID No. 5 or SEQ ID No. 7 by the degeneration of the genetic code; and (c) nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence which has at least 90% identity with the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 3, SEQ ID No. 5 or SEQ ID No. 7.

A method for separating neutral lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting neutral lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal neutral lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. The neutral lipids are removed after first removing a polar lipid fraction and a protein fraction. These neutral lipids can be used to generate renewable fuels as well as food products and supplements.

A method for separating polar lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting polar lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal polar lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. These polar lipids are high value products which can be used as surfactants, detergents, and food additives. Neutral lipids remaining in the algal biomass after extraction of polar lipids can be used to generate renewable fuels.

Prolamine-plant polar lipid compositions are provided, said compositions including a mixture of a prolamine, a plant polar lipid, at least one polyalcohol in a hydro-alcoholic solution, and an active agent, wherein the composition forms a substantially homogeneous dispersion with skin adhesive properties; wherein the dispersion forms a film and wherein the film contains a gradient of concentrations of the active agent.

Provided by the present invention are formulations suitable for application to mammalian eyes which contain a lipid binding protein and a polar lipid, present as a soluble complex in an aqueous electrolyte. The formulations described have shear-thinning (non-Newtonian viscosity) and surface tension properties to natural tears and are therefore useful as artificial tear substitutes for the treatment of dry eyes (e.g. keratoconjunctivitis sicca) and useful in ophthalmic applications in general.

A composition and method for enhancing brain development in a pediatric subject, the method including administering to the pediatric subject a nutritional composition having up to about 7 g / 100 kcal of a fat or lipid source, wherein the fat or lipid source includes at least about 0.5 mg / 100 kcal of milk or non-milk polar lipids; up to about 5 g / 100 kcal of a protein source; at least about 15 mg / 100 kcal of lactoferrin from a non-human source; about 0.015 g / 100 kcal to about 0.15 g / 100 kcal of a prebiotic composition including polydextrose and / or galactooligosaccharide; and at least about 5 mg / 100 kcal of a source of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The invention relates to a culture-free biochemical method for analyzing the microbial community structure of yeast for traditional brewage, in particular to a method for analyzing the microbial community structure of yeast for traditional brewage by using the phospholipid fatty acid spectrogram analysis technique. The method comprises the following steps: (1) weighting a certain amount of yeast sample which is pulverized and evenly mixed; (2) adding a buffer solution and an organic reagent to obtain an organic phase containing lipids; (3) separating the organic phase by small silica gel columns, eluting and collecting organic components containing polar lipids; (4) carrying out methyl esterification under mild condition, and adding an extracting reagent to obtain corresponding fatty acid methyl ester; (5) carrying out quantitative analysis on the fatty acid methyl ester by using a gas chromatogram-mass spectrogram combined instrument; and (6) determining the characteristics of the microbial community structure in the sample according to characteristics of different phospholipid fatty acid compositions. The invention provides an accurate and quick culture-free detection means for researching the composition of the microbial community structure of yeast for brewage and knowing the law of growth and decline of different microbial communities in the yeast preparation process.

Methods and reagents are provided for specifically targeting biologically active compounds such as antiviral and antimicrobial drugs, or prodrugs containing the biologically active compound to specific sites such as specific organelles in phagocytic mammalian cells. The biologically active compound or prodrug is linked to a microparticle with a linker that is non-specifically or specifically cleaved inside a phagocytic mammalian cell. Alternatively, the biologically active compound or prodrug is impregnated into a porous microparticle or coated on a nonporous microparticle, and then coated with a coating material that is non-specifically or specifically degraded inside a phagocytic mammalian cell. The prodrug contains the biologically active compound linked to a polar lipid such as ceramide with a specific linker such as a peptide that is specifically cleaved to activate the prodrug in a phagocytic mammalian cell infected with a microorganism. A microparticle linked antimicrobial drug or prodrug may be used for killing a microorganism infecting a phagocytic mammalian cell in vivo or in vitro.

The present invention refers to pharmaceutical formulations based on lipids for ophthalmic use comprising a phospholipid component composed of zwitterionic phospholipids of natural origin and an oily component composed of oils of natural origin emulsified in water. In particular, the invention refers to ophthalmic formulations useful, for example, for transporting drugs to the eye and in the treatment of ocular dryness, capable of restoring the lipid layer of the tear film. In particular, in a non-transitory but pathological situation such as the dry eye syndrome, such formulations also succeed in reducing the often-present inflammatory component.

A method for converting lipids to alkyl esters may include receiving a reactant comprising one or more lipids. In some cases, the reactant may include substantial amounts of polar lipids and / or free fatty acids. Some reactants may be derived from photosynthetic organisms, such as algae and / or diatoms. The reactant may be mixed with an alcohol and a catalyst to form a mixture. The mixture may be heated, for example, to a temperature between 50 and 350 degrees Celsius, including between 80 and 220 degrees Celsius. Pressure may be controlled to be between 1 and 200 bar, including between 10 and 100 bar. At least a portion of the reactant may be converted to one or more alkyl esters. A biofuel may include alkyl esters made from lipids according to various methods.

There is provided homogeneous pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of inflammatory disorders comprising an antiinflammatory and / or antihistaminic active ingredient, a polar lipid liposome and a pharmaceutically-acceptable aqueous carrier.

This invention provides novel methods and reagents for specifically delivering biologically active compounds to phagocytic mammalian cells. The invention also relates to specific uptake of such biologically active compounds by phagocytic cells and delivery of such compounds to specific sites intracellularly. The invention specifically relates to methods of facilitating the entry of antiviral and antimicrobial drugs and other agents into phagocytic cells and for targeting such compounds to specific organelles within the cell. The invention specifically provides compositions of matter and pharmaceutical embodiments of such compositions comprising conjugates of such antimicrobial drugs and agents covalently linked to particulate carriers generally termed microparticles. In particular embodiments, the antimicrobial drug is covalently linked to a microparticle via a cleavable linker moiety that is non-specifically cleaved in a phagocytic cell. In additional embodiments, the biologically-active compound is provided in an inactive, prodrug form that is activated by a chemical or enzymatic activity specific for cells infected by a microorganism, particularly a pathological or disease-causing microorganism. Thus, the invention provides cell targeting of drugs wherein the targeted drug is only activated in cells infected with a particular microorganism. Alternative embodiments of such specific drug delivery compositions also contain polar lipid carrier molecules effective in achieving intracellular organelle targeting in infected phagocytic mammalian cells. Particular embodiments of such conjugates comprise antimicrobial drugs covalently linked both to a microparticle via a cleavable linker molecule and to a polar lipid compound, to facilitate targeting of such drugs to particular subcellular organelles within the cell. Also provided are porous microparticles impregnated with antiviral and antimicrobial drugs and agents wherein the surface or outside extent of the microparticle is covered with a degradable coating that is degraded within a phagocytic mammalian cell. Also provided are nonporous microparticles coated with an antiviral or antimicrobial drug and further coated wherein the surface or outside extent of the microparticle is covered with a degradable coating that is degraded within a phagocytic mammalian cell. Methods of inhibiting, attenuating, arresting, combating and overcoming microbial infection of phagocytic mammalian cells in vivo and in vitro are also provided.

The present invention relates to a nutritional composition for infants and / or toddlers comprising a lipid component which has a large lipid globule size. The composition can be used to prevent obesity and / or improve body composition later in life. Said lipid component comprises 10-50 wt % vegetable lipids, and the lipid globules have a volume-weighted diameter above 1.0 m and / or a diameter of 2-12 m in an amount of at least 45 vol %.

Processes for the simultaneous production of sterols and polar lipids, in which preparations of vegetable oil lecithin fractions are subjected to ultrafiltration and, on the one hand, the sterols in the permeate and, on the other hand, the polar lipids in the retentate are enriched. The permeate and retentate can subsequently be worked up by methods known per se.

Disclosed herein are polar lipid mixtures, comprising glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidyl-inositol (PI), and sphingolipids such as sphyngomyelin (SM). Most importantly, the ratio of phospholipids in said mixture is comparable to that of HMF, and is represented by SM>PC>PE>PS>PI or SM=PC>PE>PS>PI. Processes for the preparation of said mixtures and uses thereof are also described herein.

The present invention relates to a nutritional composition for infants and / or toddlers comprising a lipid component which has a lipid globules coated with polar lipids. The composition can be used to prevent obesity and / or improve body composition later in life. Said liquid comprises 10-50 wt % vegetable liquids based on the dry weight of the composition, and (i) 0.5-20 wt % phospholipids based on total weight or (ii) 0.6-25 wt % of polar lipids based on total lipids, wherein polar lipids are the sum of phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and cholesterol, and said composition comprises lipid globules with a core comprising said vegetable lipids and a coating comprising said phospholipids or polar lipids.