47results about How to "Avoid Analytical Errors" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of a sample with a rust layer for in-situ observation of a transmission electron microscope. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), integrally packaging an obtained sample with a rust layer by a cold embedding method; 2), cutting the sample according to the sample size facilitating observation of the transmission electron microscope; 3), thinning the sample primarily; 4), forming a thin sample area which can be observed by the transmission electron microscope; and 5), bonding the prepared sample to a phi3mm round copper mesh, so as to obtain the sample with the rust layer for the in-situ observation of the transmission electron microscope. By adopting the preparation method, the initial shape of the rust layer is remained completely, and the method is very suitable for preparing of the sample with the rust layer for observation of the transmission electron microscope; and the prepared sample is representative, can truly indicate the whole characteristics of the analyzed material, and has great significant in the corrosion resistance research of steel and iron materials.

The invention discloses a method and device for detecting indoor heavy metal pollution by single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry. The method is as follows: firstly, a polystyrene ball is used to perform a particle size calibration experiment on the instrument, and then a standard solution of known metal ions is used Carry out the mass number correction experiment. After the calibration is completed, use SPAMS to collect indoor atmospheric aerosols in different areas and heights in real time, and then use SPAMS to analyze and collect various parameters and status information of heavy metal particles in the samples in real time. The SPAMS in the device includes a sequentially connected sampling module, a particle size measurement module, an ionization source module, a mass analyzer module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis module. The invention can quickly, sensitively, accurately and real-time online detect the particle number concentration, particle size distribution, mass spectrum characteristics, mixing state, etc. of indoor heavy metal particles, and judge its possible source.

The invention discloses a measuring method and a measuring device of small amount of ammonia in gas. The measuring method comprises the following steps of S1. switching on a sampling valve, and recording the initial flow V0 of gas to be detected; S2. introducing the gas to be detected into mixed liquid of sulfuric acid standard liquid and an indicator so as to react the small amount of ammonia in gas and the sulfuric acid standard liquid; S3. when the color of the mixed liquid is changed, stopping introducing the gas to be detected, and recording the initial flow V2 of the gas to be detected; and S4. obtaining the ammonia content in the gas to be detected according to the differential flow V1-V0 of the gas to be detected and the sulfuric acid standard liquid. According to the measuring method provided by the invention, the measuring device and a sampling pipeline are directly connected on the scene, and the small amount of ammonia is subjected to quantitative reaction in the sample gas, so that the ammonia content is directly calculated; the limitation of the environment temperature does not exist, the problem that the environment temperature cannot be measured as the requirement on the measuring environment temperature is rigor is avoided, and the analysis errors which are caused by the multiple analysis procedure steps of a neutralization titration method and particularly exist in the procedures such as the transfer, washing and titration of absorption liquid can be avoided.

The invention relates to a method for automatically analyzing gasoline composition by utilizing a gas-phase chromatography. The method comprises the following steps: introducing a gasoline sample to be tested to a gas-phase chromatography for separating components and obtaining gas-phase chromatography data; searching a suspected eigenvalue of the sample according to retention time; comparing withan eigenvalue threshold to judge the type of the tested gasoline; and comparing the chromatography data with belonging standard databases one by one to confirm the composition of hydrocarbons corresponding to peaks in the chromatography. The method realizes the full automation from the gas-phase chromatography to the gasoline composition analysis, avoids analysis deviation caused by misjudge of personal chromatography recognition and has high accuracy rate of chromatography type recognition and high accuracy of gasoline composition analysis data.

The invention discloses a method for determining an evapotranspiration change main cause and judging coupling effects among factors. The method comprises the steps that multiple influence factors (including drainage basin underlying surface characteristics, climatic seasonality characteristics and social economic indexes) which influence the actual evapotranspiration change are collected, the actual evapotranspiration amount of the drainage basin is calculated based on a Budyko hydrothermal coupling balance equation, and the drainage basin is subjected to evapotranspiration climate sensibilitypartition by using a rotation experience orthogonal function (REOF); various factors which influence the evapotranspiration change of each area are counted and analyzed on the basis of the partition,a model is established by using a multielement self-adaptive regression spline (MARS) method, accordingly, an uppermost influence factor is searched for from multiple factors, and the scientific basis is provided for the scientific research and production work such as flood prevention and drought resistance.

The invention belongs to the field of microbial electrochemistry, and specifically relates to a multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system for researching the microbial electrochemistry. The multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system comprises a matrix storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a cylinder microbial fuel cell, anode electrodes, a cathode electrode, a data collecting card, a load resistor, a data recording and analyzing device, a three-electrode system and an electrochemical workstation. The cylinder microbial fuel cell comprises a cylinder shell, an anode chamber inside the shell, a cathode chamber and a proton exchange membrane. When an electrochemistry test is carried out, the three-electrode system is formed by employing the anode electrodes as working electrodes, and analysis is carried out by the electrochemical workstation. The invention provides a device for directly researching electricigens and a method for researching the electricigens. Microbes are prevented from being damaged by utilizing the method and the device. The method and the device are simple and convenient, so that analysis errors due to microbe transfer by prior methods are prevented, and electrochemistry characteristics of the electricigens can be really reflected. The multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system provided by the invention has a certain application value.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of artificial intelligence, and provides a pollutant monitoring method and device, terminal equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the historical sample data of a target monitoring region, and generating a relation curve between the pollutant concentration of the target monitoring region and a precursor pollutant according to the historical sample data; measuring and calculating the air quality of the target monitoring area in a preset time range to obtain measurement and calculation data, and performing error correction to obtain pollution measurement and calculation data; if the regional pollutant concentration prediction data of any sub-region meets a preset early warning condition, determining proportion information of a sensitive control region of the precursor pollutants according to the regional precursor pollutant concentration prediction data of the sub-region and the relation curve; and generating a precursor pollutant control scheme according to the proportion information of the sensitive control area. The problems that precursor pollutant analysis errors are large, and a pollutant control scheme cannot be given in advance are solved. In addition, the invention also relates to a blockchain technology.

The invention relates to a preparing method for a coring soft bag used for lunar exploration soil sampling, in particular to a preparing method for a gradient distribution porous heat-insulation high-strength film functional coring soft bag used for lunar exploration soil sampling. The purpose is to solve the problem that in the lunar exploration soil sampling process, an existing coring soft bag is prone to being affected by high temperature of a drilling mechanism to cause accident fracture. The preparing method includes the steps that 1, a coring soft bag is prepared; 2, Kevlar nanofiber solutions of different concentrations are prepared; 3, a vacuum filtration device is constructed; 4, the gradient distribution porous heat-insulation high-strength film functional coring soft bag used for lunar exploration soil sampling is obtained through compounding. The inner side temperature inside the prepared gradient distribution porous heat-insulation high-strength film functional coring soft bag used for lunar exploration soil sampling is reduced by 27-30% compared with that of an untreated coring soft bag, and the breaking strength is improved by 17.2-25%. The gradient distribution porous heat-insulation high-strength film functional coring soft bag used for lunar exploration soil sampling can be obtained.

The invention discloses a chemical analysis method of a complex crude copper sample. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a crude copper specimen to be analyzed to an oversize sample and an undersize sample; taking 10.0000g of oversize sample, adding dilute nitric acid, adding saturated bromine solution after the nonproduction of red smog, heating to ensure that red smog can not be generated, adding concentrated nitric acid to ensure that the crude copper sample is completely dissolved; rinsing is performed to ensure that the temperature reaches the room temperature; the solution is diluted to obtain test solution; evaporating 5ml of test solution to be nearly dry, cooling a little, performing water blow wash to ensure that the water just boils, performing blow wash again; adding iron (III) chloride solution, acetic acid-ammonium acetate buffer solution, ammonium bifluoride saturated solution and potassium iodide at the room temperature in turn, using sodium thiosulfate standard titration solution to perform titration; treating the undersize sample according to the method; calculating the weight percentages of copper in the oversize sample and copper in the undersize sample respectively; and calculating the weight percentage of copper in the crude copper specimen. In the analysis method disclosed by the invention, the representative problem of the analyzed sample is fully considered, thus the analysis time can be reduced and the sample can be analyzed accurately.

The invention relates to an on-line measuring device for frictional force generated during the polishing of a small-sized wafer, comprising a polishing head, a resistance strain gauge, a data acquisition instrument, a conducting wire and a computer, wherein the polishing head consists of a balancing weight, an elastic element, a resistance strain gage and a collecting ring. During polishing, the frictional force applied to the wafer causes the elastic element in the polishing head to generate elastic deformation, the resistance strain gage attached to the surface of the elastic element converts the elastic strain of the elastic element into an electrical signal which is transferred to the resistance strain gauge through the collecting ring, and finally, the data acquisition instrument inputs the electrical signal into the computer. The device has the advantages of carrying out on-line measurement on the frictional force generated during the polishing of the small-sized wafer, without changing the polishing state, thus being applicable to the polishing mode that the polishing head rotates along with a polishing disk. The method directly measures the frictional force applied to a single wafer, and avoids measurement error generated due to the measurement on resultant frictional force of a plurality of wafers as well as mechanical analysis and calculation errors needed by indirect measurement. The device achieves high measurement accuracy, and is suitable for occasions where the frictional force of the small-sized wafer is low and the requirement on measurement accuracy is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of risk analysis, in particular to an LNG safety risk assessment system based on a Bayesian network. The system comprises an onshore LNG safety accident analysis module which is used for analyzing all possible risk factors of an onshore LNG danger source, and analyzing and calculating a fire safety accident possibly caused by the onshore LNG danger source; an overwater LNG safety accident analysis module which is used for analyzing and calculating all possible risk factors of the overwater LNG dangerous source and analyzing and calculating the fire safety accidents possibly caused by the overwater LNG dangerous source; an accident consequence calculation module which is used for calculating an accident consequence; a risk analysis module which is used for analyzing and calculating the personal risks and the social risks and drawing an overall personal risk distribution graph and a social risk F-N graph. According to the present invention, the quantitative risk analysis can be carried out on the land and water LNG fixed dangerous sources and the mobile dangerous sources, the scientific reference is provided for the LNG related facility safety, LNG loading and unloading operation and LNG ship shipping traffic, and the important guiding significance is achieved for the prevention and control of the LNG safety accidents of the related departments.

The invention relates to a magnetic separation device, which comprises a magnetic body, a nonmagnetic sheath and a first container, wherein the magnetic body is provided with a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole, the nonmagnetic sheath is movably sheathed on the first magnetic pole, the first container is used for containing mixture suspension liquid of magnetic particles and nonmagnetic particles, and when the first magnetic pole sheathed with the nonmagnetic sheath is placed into the mixture suspension liquid for absorbing the magnetic particles, the second magnetic pole is positioned above the liquid level of the mixture suspension liquid. The magnetic separation device provided by the invention can be used for simply and fast realize the magnetic separation on the magnetic particles, and the magnetic particle loss caused by accidental magnetic particle bringing out by the magnetic body is effectively prevented. When a magnetic iron content measuring method of the magnetic separation device provided by the invention is adopted, the analysis error caused by magnetic particle bringing by the magnetic body can be avoided, and higher precision and higher accuracy are realized.

The invention relates to an analytical method for detecting the micro solid suspended particle content of colored solution. At present, the turbidity of the colored solution is generally analyzed by two methods, namely the turbidity analyzer analytical method and the gravimetric analysis. But a turbidity analyzer is easily interfered, cannot accurately analyze and judge the turbidity, has high requirements on operation, is complex in operation and is not suitable for quick detection during production; and under the condition that the gravimetric analysis is adopted, a filter membrane is difficult to be cleaned and big error is caused when weighing. In the method of the invention, a clean leachate or a clean deironed liquid serves as a base liquid; a standard liquid with corresponding turbidity is prepared from the base liquid; the absorbance is measured through a spectrophotometer; and the turbidity is calculated by comparing the absorbance with the measured absorbance of sample solution. By the method, the result can be quickly analyzed and the analytical error caused by colour interference can be avoided.

The invention discloses a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy quick detecting method based on multi-spectral inner calibration. The method comprises the steps: choosing and calculating a ratio (serving as longitudinal coordinates) of the intensity sum of a plurality of analysis spectral lines to the intensity sum of a plurality of inner calibration spectral lines and analysis element concentration values (serving as horizontal coordinates) to establish a calibration curve and obtain a high correlation coefficient calibration curve to be applied to quantitatively analyzing element ingredients.The method can prevent analysis errors caused by irregular forms of samples, so that LIBS detection accuracy is improved.

The invention provides a microwave micro-plasma electron source. The micro-plasma electron source is a silicon-glass double-layered structure, wherein the lower layer is a silicon substrate and the upper layer is glass; a plasma cavity, an electronic accelerating lens, an electronic focusing lens, an energy filter and a detector are formed on the silicon substrate through a deep silicon etching technique, and then bonded with the glass to form the micro-plasma electron source. The micro-plasma electron source applies a high-pressure ceramic device to provide argon high-voltage drive, and then adopts a micro-strip resonator with a three-loop branching structure to provide argon for 1 W microwave power coupling with frequency of 2.4-2.5 GHz, thus a stable plasma is formed; through an electronic extraction, acceleration and focusing system, the electron is extracted and accelerated to focus to be a target electronic energy; the voltage applied by the electronic extraction, acceleration and focusing system determines the electronic beam energy of the charged ion source, and so as to further determine the scale of detectable matters of a mini-sized mass spectrometer.

The invention discloses a circuit breaker defect positioning method based on failure mechanism analysis. The defect positioning method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical fault data ofa circuit breaker; classifying and sorting historical data, and constructing a fault tree model; performing FMMEA analysis on the fault tree, and determining the priority of the fault, namely the hazard degree of each fault mode; and based on the hazard degree calculation results of various fault modes, sorting the hazard degrees of the faults to obtain system weak links in design, structure or operation so as to determine the positioning distribution of possible defects of the circuit breaker. According to the method, the fault reason can be analyzed, the fault generation and development mechanism can be obtained, and then targeted equipment defect troubleshooting is enhanced.

The invention belongs to the field of microbial electrochemistry, and specifically relates to a multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system for researching the microbial electrochemistry. The multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system comprises a matrix storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a cylinder microbial fuel cell, anode electrodes, a cathode electrode, a data collecting card, a load resistor, a data recording and analyzing device, a three-electrode system and an electrochemical workstation. The cylinder microbial fuel cell comprises a cylinder shell, an anode chamber inside the shell, a cathode chamber and a proton exchange membrane. When an electrochemistry test is carried out, the three-electrode system is formed by employing the anode electrodes as working electrodes, and analysis is carried out by the electrochemical workstation. The invention provides a device for directly researching electricigens and a method for researching the electricigens. Microbes are prevented from being damaged by utilizing the method and the device. The method and the device are simple and convenient, so that analysis errors due to microbe transfer by prior methods are prevented, and electrochemistry characteristics of the electricigens can be really reflected. The multi-electrode microbial fuel cell system provided by the invention has a certain application value.

The invention relates to a device and system for detecting liquid and bubbles in gas transmission pipelines. The device comprises the first gas transmission pipeline, a sensor, a flow switching valve, the second gas transmission pipeline, a liquid transmission pipeline and a control unit; the gas outlet of the first gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas inlet of the flow switching valve, the gas outlet of the flow switching valve is connected with the gas inlet of the second gas transmission pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the flow switching valve is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid transmission pipeline; the sensor is installed on the first gas transmission pipeline, the sensor and the flow switching valve are respectively and electrically connected with the control unit, the detecting device is used for a gas detecting device, the gas outlet of a gas generator of the gas detecting device is connected with the gas inlet of the first gas transmission pipeline, the gas outlet of the second gas transmission pipeline is connected with a gas detector of the gas detecting device, and the liquid outlet of the liquid transmission pipeline is connected with a waste-liquid cup.

The present system relates to a system architecture that uses a single electron transistor (SET) to analyze base sequences of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) at ultra high speed in real time. DNA represents the entire body of genetic information and consists of nucleotide units. There are a total of four types of nucleotides, and each nucleotide consists of an identical pentose (deoxyribose), and four types of bases that differ in their phosphate groups (Adenine: A, Guanine: G, Cytosine: C, Thymine: T). A and G are purines having a bicyclic structure while C and T are pyrimidines having a monocyclic structure. Each has a different atomic arrangement, which signifies a different charge distribution from one another. Therefore, a system comprising a single electron transistor that is very sensitive to charges, a probe of a very small size that reacts to one nucleotide very effectively, and an extended gate that connects the SET with the probe, can be used to analyze DNA base sequences at ultra high speed in real time.

The invention relates to a rapid evaluation method based on primary frequency modulation. A 15-second response value and a theoretical value are calculated by adopting a mean value of frequency changes of first 15 seconds as a reference, and the hysteresis of fast response of the frequency of a unit is considered; and a 30-second response value and a theoretical value are calculated by adopting apeak value of frequency changes of first 30 seconds as a reference, so that an analysis error caused by frequency falling is avoided. According to the method, in order to avoid frequent calculation, according to conventional unit frequency modulation test characteristics, a fast frequency modulation characteristic can be fully embodied after 15 seconds, so that the shortest length of an evaluationtime period is set, and the reasonability of statistical data can be improved; calculation time of the unit exceeds 15s and does not reach 30s, and only 15s calculation data is used for replacing twopieces of data; and if a sampling duration is longer than 30s, current calculation can be completed only after the actual frequency falls back into a dead zone, and a theoretical action value takes the peak value of the whole time period for reference.

The invention discloses a test method for the fatigue damage and the service life of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade, aiming to obtain a more exact blade fatigue performance parameter by adopting a test detection and computational analysis means having low cost and high efficiency so as to meet the requirements of blade design, research and development and detection. The method is characterized in that on the basis of the characteristic that the impeller speed of a horizontal axis wind turbine is lower, and the period change frequency of various fatigue loads is also lower, a series of steps of carrying out static loading testing on the wind turbine blade to obtain a stress / strain amplitude distribution condition under the effect of various fatigue loads and analyzing by combining a material property curve and a cumulative damage theory are adopted to realize the evaluation to the blade fatigue performance. Compared with the traditional horizontal axis wind turbine blade fatigue testing technology, the method has the advantages of short period, low cost, capability of obtaining a final service life parameter of the blade, and the like.

The invention relates to a mesoscopic modeling and multi-scale analysis method suitable for an acupuncture composite material, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out a CT (Computed Tomography) test, measuring a structure size and obtaining characteristic parameters; and carrying out geometric division on the acupuncture region based on the general unit cell model, and establishing a mesoscopic analysis model of the acupuncture part. Secondly, for a non-needled area in the needled composite material, describing the damage behavior of the non-needled area by adopting a continuous medium damage theory; considering that a needled composite material has a complex material phase, the equivalent elastic property of a non-needled area is obtained by adopting a hierarchical modeling thought to serve as the input of a continuous medium damage theoretical model. And finally, aiming at the characteristic that the acupuncture part does not have application periodic boundary conditions, a local area volume averaging method is provided, and bidirectional transmission of mesoscopic-macroscopic cross-scale data in multi-scale analysis is realized.

The invention belongs to the field of automobile vibration and noise control (NVH), and particularly relates to a method for predicting rigid body modal based on a cooling module shock pad compression amount model. Based on the actual equivalent dynamic stiffness and the actual mass of the dynamic model, the rigid body modal of the dynamic model can be calculated, and rigid body modal analysis errors caused by inaccurate input dynamic stiffness are effectively avoided. According to the determination of the rigid body modal prediction method based on the cooling module shock pad compression amount model, the risk of resonance caused by vehicle idle speed coupling can be avoided, a judgment basis is provided for vehicle development, and product development is rapidly guided.

The invention discloses a method for determining an evapotranspiration change main cause and judging coupling effects among factors. The method comprises the steps that multiple influence factors (including drainage basin underlying surface characteristics, climatic seasonality characteristics and social economic indexes) which influence the actual evapotranspiration change are collected, the actual evapotranspiration amount of the drainage basin is calculated based on a Budyko hydrothermal coupling balance equation, and the drainage basin is subjected to evapotranspiration climate sensibilitypartition by using a rotation experience orthogonal function (REOF); various factors which influence the evapotranspiration change of each area are counted and analyzed on the basis of the partition,a model is established by using a multielement self-adaptive regression spline (MARS) method, accordingly, an uppermost influence factor is searched for from multiple factors, and the scientific basis is provided for the scientific research and production work such as flood prevention and drought resistance.

The invention relates to the technical field of material separation, in particular to an online split-phase collection device and method for Fischer-Tropsch reaction products, and the device comprises a flash separation tank which is communicated with a Fischer-Tropsch reactor and is used for separating the Fischer-Tropsch reaction products into a liquid phase and a gas phase; and the flash separation tank further comprises a hydrophobic unit and a liquid separation plate. The device also comprises a gas phase outlet pipeline arranged at the top end of the flash separation tank and used for leading the gas phase out of the flash separation tank; a first valve arranged on the gas phase outlet pipeline and used for adjusting the pressure of the flash separation tank; and a liquid phase collecting unit arranged at the bottom of the flash separation tank and used for collecting the liquid phase. According to the invention, the gas phase and liquid phase composition can be analyzed in real time, the timeliness is extremely high, the analysis error, environmental pollution and system pressure fluctuation caused by evaporation and gas escape during each lofting are avoided, and the subsequent analysis efficiency and the accuracy of the analysis result are improved; and meanwhile, a complex treatment link of an off-line sample is omitted.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the control effect of aluminum electrolysis cells. The method comprises the steps that: cell control operation data corresponding to each aluminum electrolysis cell in a set time period are obtained; for the blanking control evaluation result, according to blanking state data, resistance data and voltage data, the blanking control evaluation result of each aluminum electrolysis cell is determined; for the evaluation result of anode lifting and voltage control, the evaluation result of anode lifting and voltage control of each aluminum electrolysis cell is determined according to the blanking state data, the resistance data, the voltage data and the anode lifting process time; and for the evaluation result of the operation and cell stability control, the evaluation result of the operation and cell stability control of each aluminum electrolysis cell is determined according to the voltage pendulum data, the anode effect data, the aluminum discharging process time and the pole changing process time. According to the method, evaluation time consumption can be greatly reduced, evaluation efficiency is remarkably improved, and stable production of the aluminum electrolysis cell is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a post-desulphurization flue gas moisture content determination method and apparatus. The apparatus comprises a sampling tube, a heat tracing ventilation pipe, a gas suction pump, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter, a three-way valve, a temperature measuring instrument, a pressure measuring instrument, and a Karl Fischer titrator, which are connected sequentially. The determination method comprises the steps that: (1) 100ml of anhydrous methanol is added into a titration cup, and the titrator is reset to a system blank value. (2) standard water is accurately measured, and is injected into the titration cup; and the concentration of a Karl Fischer reagent is measured by using the titrator; (3) the pipeline is washed by using flue gas for 10-15min; (4) a flue gas flow rate is controlled at 50-100mL / min, and a ventilation time is 2-5min; and titration is carried out by using the titrator; and (5) with the titrator, the post-desulphurization flue gas moisture content is automatically calculated. According to the post-desulphurization flue gas moisture content determination apparatus provided by the invention, a Karl Fischer titration method is used in flue gas moisture content determination, the analysis operation is simple and fast, and analysis result is accurate and reliable. Therefore, an instant and accurate basis can be provided for production operation adjustment and data calculation.

The invention relates to a method for automatically analyzing gasoline composition by utilizing a gas-phase chromatography. The method comprises the following steps: introducing a gasoline sample to be tested to a gas-phase chromatography for separating components and obtaining gas-phase chromatography data; searching a suspected eigenvalue of the sample according to retention time; comparing with an eigenvalue threshold to judge the type of the tested gasoline; and comparing the chromatography data with belonging standard databases one by one to confirm the composition of hydrocarbons corresponding to peaks in the chromatography. The method realizes the full automation from the gas-phase chromatography to the gasoline composition analysis, avoids analysis deviation caused by misjudge of personal chromatography recognition and has high accuracy rate of chromatography type recognition and high accuracy of gasoline composition analysis data.