562 results about "Guanine" patented technology

The present invention provides a polynucleotide that not only has a high RNA interference effect on its target gene, but also has a very small risk of causing RNA interference against a gene unrelated to the target gene. A sequence segment conforming to the following rules (a) to (d) is searched from the base sequences of a target gene for RNA interference and, based on the search results, a polynucleotide capable of causing RNAi is designed, synthesized, etc.:

• (a) The 3′ end base is adenine, thymine, or uracil,
• (b) The 5′ end base is guanine or cytosine,
• (c) A 7-base sequence from the 3′ end is rich in one or more types of bases selected from the group consisting of adenine, thymine, and uracil, and
• (d) The number of bases is within a range that allows RNA interference to occur without causing cytotoxicity.

Provided are compounds represented by: X is O, S or NR6, R1 is H or (CH2)mR5, R2, R2', R3 and R3' are independently NO2, N3 or (CH2)mR5, OH R4 is H, OR6, SR6, NR6R6a, CN, C(O)OR6, C(O)NR6R6a, R6, OR7 or (CH2)nR7, R5 is H, halo, OR6, SR6, NR6R6a, CN, C(O)OR6, C(O)NR6R6a, R6, OR7 or (CH2)mR7, R6 and R6a are individually H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, aryl or substituted aryl, R7 is: R8 is H, F, SR9 or OR9, R9 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or hydroxyprotecting group, Y is H, CH3 or (CH2)mR5, Z is O or S W is CH2, CF2, CHF or O, m is 0-4, B is adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, modified purines and pyrimidines substituted pyridines, five membered heterocycles substituted by at least one of amines, substituted amines, amides, substituted amides, esters, halogens, alkyls, ethers; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and prodrugs thereof. These ring systems may be substituted.

A triplex forming oligonucleotide is complementary pursuant to the G/T or A/G recognition motif to a homopurine, or substantially homopurine target sequence in double stranded nucleic acids, and at least one and preferably all of the guanine bases are replaced by their pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analog, namely by 6-amino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-one. The oliginucleotides containing the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analog of guanine exhibit a lesser degree of self-association, and lack the nucleophilic nitrogen atom in the 7 position of guanine. The latter feature results in a diminished extent of self-crosslinking in ODNs which also have a covalently attached cross-linking agent.

This invention provides a nucleotide analogue comprising (i) a base selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil, (ii) a deoxyribose, (iii) an allyl moiety bound to the 3′-oxygen of the deoxyribose and (iv) a fluorophore bound to the base via an allyl linker, and methods of nucleic acid sequencing employing the nucleotide analogue.

The invention belongs to the field of molecular biology, specifically belongs to the technical field of DNA storage, more specifically an artificially synthesized DNA storage medium with coding information, a storage reading method for the information, and applications. Discarding DNA storage technology depended on a mature binary code or a ternary code in the prior art, the invention creatively discloses a DNA storage mode capable of coding directly. Through using storage method capable of coding directly, especially tetragenous basic group coding, the obtained DNA chain storing digit information is short in entire sequence and average content of guanine and cytosine in the sequence is relatively balanced. The method of the invention is in favour of synthesizing, convenient for decoding, and could reduce error rate. The method of the invention can be used for covering a plurality of character types such as English, figure, Chinese and punctuation marks with wide application range.

Methods and kits of characterizing a GC rich region of a nucleic acid of interest are provided. One method is effected by (a) contacting the nucleic acid of interest with an agent that modifies cytosine or guanine residues into residues complementary to adenine or thymine for obtaining a modified nucleic acid in which the cytosine or guanine residues are replaced by the residues complementary to adenine or thymine; (b) amplifying the modified nucleic acid by amplification primers being hybridizable with the modified nucleic acid and being designed for directing amplification of at least a portion of the modified nucleic acid, for obtaining an amplification product corresponding to the GC rich region; and (c) determining the size of the amplification product, thereby characterizing the GC rich region of the nucleic acid of interest.

A cyclic dinucleotide compound of Formula (I):

wherein X₁ is H or F; X₂ is H or F; at least one among X₁ and X₂ is a fluorine atom; Z is OH, OR₁, SH or SR₁, wherein: R₁ is Na or NH₄, or R₁ is an enzyme-labile group which provides OH or SH in vivo such as pivaloyloxymethyl; B₁ and B₂ are bases chosen from Adenine, Hypoxanthine or Guanine, and B₁ is a different base than B₂ and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions including the cyclic dinucleotide, as well as their use in the treatment of a bacterial infection, a viral infection or a cancer are also described.

Methods and preparations for treating disorders of the eye and/or causing posterior vitreous disconnection or disinsertion. Preparations containing a) urea, b) urea derivatives (e.g., hydroxyurea, thiourea), c) a non-steroidal anti-inflamatory agents, d) antmetabolites, e) urea, urea derivatives, non-enzymatic proteins, nucleosides, nucleotides and their derivatives (e.g., adenine, adenosine, cytosine, cytadine, guanine, guanitadine, guanidinium, thymidine, thimitadine, uradine, uracil, cystine), uric acid, calcium acetal salicylate, ammonium sulfate or other compound capable of causing non-enzymatic dissolution of the hyaloid membrane or e) any of the possible combinations thereof, are administered to the eye in therapeutically effective amounts.

Described herein are inexpensive high throughput methods to convert a target single stranded DNA (ssDNA) such that each nucleotide (or base) adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C) is converted to a pre-determined oligonucleotide code, with the sequential order preserved in the converted ssDNA, or RNA. The method does not require the use of DNA polymerases during the cycles and involves the use of an oligonucleotide probe library with repeated cycles of ligation and cleavage. At each cycle, one or more nucleotides on one end (e.g., either the 5′ end or the 3′ end) of a target, e.g., ssDNA, are cleaved and then ligated with the corresponding oligonucleotide code at the other end of the target ssDNA.

Provided is preparation of a water-soluble luminous silver nano cluster with double-stranded DNA as a template. Firstly, single-stranded DNA rich in cytosine base group is used, 6 cytosine base group loops are reserved in the single-stranded DNA, the total number of the cytosine base groups is 29, single-stranded DNA rich in guanine base group complements the single-stranded DNA and is added, the total number of the guanine base groups is 23, the double-stranded DNA with the 6 cytosine base group loops is formed through the annealing function and is used as the template, and synthesis is achieved through the method of adding sodium borohydride to restore silver nitrate. The preparation process is simple, easy to implement and environmentally friendly, and the preparation can be applied to the preparation of other luminous nano materials. In addition, new nano materials synthesized through the method have water solubility, a high quantum yield, light stability, good biocompatibility and other performance, and have potential wide application to the fields of biosensors, cell imaging, clinical medicine and the like.

The invention provides a method for detecting the off-target effect of an adenine base editor system based on whole genome sequencing, and its application in gene editing, The adenine base editor system comprises a TadA:TadA*:Cas9 fusion gene and gRNA. The system can catalyze the efficient replacement of adenine (A) at a target site with guanine (G), and has a broad application prospect in human disease gene editing therapy and disease model construction. The first method for detecting the off-target effect of the ABE system in a whole genome range, called EndoV-seq method for short, is developed in the invention. The EndoV-seq method provided by the invention has a broad application prospect in the field of gene editing, especially gene editing therapy.

The invention discloses a fluorescence chemical sensor and a method for simultaneously detecting diversified DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) glycosylases on single-molecular levels and application of thefluorescence chemical sensor. The fluorescence chemical sensor, the method and the application have the advantages that the fluorescence chemical sensor is based on two different molecular beacons including a molecular beacon modified by 8-hydroxyl guanine and a molecular beacon modified by deoxygenated hypoxanthine, the tail end of the molecular beacon modified by the 8-hydroxyl guanine is labeled by cyanine 3 (Cy3) and quenching groups, the tail end of the molecular beacon modified by the deoxygenated hypoxanthine is labeled by cyanine 5 (Cy5) and quenching groups, the fluorescence chemicalsensor is used for detecting 8-hydroxyl guanine DNA glycosylases and N-methylpurine DNA glycosylases and is different from the traditional molecular beacons which can be severely affected by dynamicsand thermodynamics, signal restoration of the Cy3 and the Cy5 depends on molecular beacon splitting with the DNA glycosylases used as media, the DNA glycosylases can be simultaneously sensitively detected by the aid of the method without optional signal amplification, the activity of hOGG1 and hAAG can be detected by the aid of the method in an ultra-sensitive manner without optional signal amplification, the fluorescence chemical sensor can be easily, conveniently and quickly operated, and accurate and reliable test results can be obtained.

This invention allows ultra-low levels of virtually any biological analyte to be detected and quantified rapidly, simply and inexpensively with an electrochemical biosensor using a novel electrochemical signal amplification technique. The invention amplifies detection signals from low level analytes using an innovative sandwich ELISA structure that replaces optical labels with a massive amount of electrochemically detectable guanine rich oligonucleotide tags. Selective binding is achieved with matched pairs of either commercial or custom analyte binding materials such as monoclonal antibodies or single stand DNA. The guanine tags are eluted from the sandwich structures and hybridize with complementary cytosine rich oligonucleotide recognition probes attached to the surface of a biosensor working electrode. An electrochemical technique generates a signal in proportion to the guanine level on the working electrode which is also proportional to the analyte level in the sample. Magnetic separation and a nanosensor are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio for measuring analyte levels 1,000,000 times lower than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The invention discloses a method for detecting fungaltoxin through multiple signals. The method comprises the following steps: 1) combining fungaltoxin with aptamer: adding a to-be-detected sample after the reaction of the fungaltoxin aptamer and complementary sequence thereof, thereby acquiring a mixed solution A; 2) amplifying a digestion auxiliary signal: reacting the mixed solution A with restriction enzyme, thereby acquiring a mixed solution B; 3) preparing a guanine tetramer structure: reacting the mixed solution B with tail-end deoxynucleotide transferase and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate and reacting with ligand molecules, thereby acquiring a mixed solution C; and 4) detecting and analyzing: performing catalytic oxidation reaction on the mixed solution C and different substrates, generating ultraviolet, fluorescent and chemiluminescent signals and calculating the content of fungaltoxin in the to-be-detected sample according to the relation of the response strength of all the signals and the fungaltoxin concentration. The method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of quick and simple operation and treatment, short detection time, marker-free effect, low cost, high precision, high sensitivity, and the like.

The invention relates to a method for screening non-essential regions for replication of a goat pox virus and universal transfer vectors for same. The method comprises the steps of amplifying two-end gene segments of any two regions of a goat pox virus gene by using a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method; then, inserting an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene and a xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (gpt) gene expression cassette into the segments; establishing two universal transfer vectors of the goat pox virus; and acquiring a recombinant virus expressing an exogenous gene stably from the transfer vectors, thereby determining the selected regions to be non-essential regions for replication of the goat pox virus, wherein each universal transfer vector contains one unique restriction enzyme cutting site Sal I and allows gene expression cassettes of other items to insert in. The recombinant virus obtained by means of the two universal transfer vectors provided by the invention not only has a growth performance similar to a parent virus, but also has better safety because a plurality of toxicity related genes in a genome are knocked out in an orientation way, and has the potential to be developed into an attenuated vaccine strain for gene engineering.

The invention relates to a method for synthetizing phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer by solid phase. A cheap resin is utilized; Wang resin is as a solid phase carrier; the phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) structure of which terminal hydroxyl is protected by tert-butyl dimethyl silicon is shown in the description, wherein a structure of basic group B is any one of adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T). Compared with the existing solid phase synthetic technology, the method provided by the invention can greatly reduce synthetic cost, and can be suitable for mass production of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer.

The invention provides a nitrogen-rich doped porous structural carbon material which is prepared by mixing water soluble phenolic resin, a surfactant F127 and guanine by a solvent evaporation self assembly method. The preparation method comprises the steps: (1) obtaining a nitrogen-containing precursor from the surfactant F127, guanine and the water soluble phenolic resin through the evaporation self-assembly process; (2) carrying out pyrolysis of the nitrogen-containing precursor to obtain nitrogen-rich doped modified porous carbon material; and (3) washing the obtained porous carbon material, filtering, and drying to obtain the nitrogen-rich doped porous structural carbon material. With an application of the material as a negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, when the current density is 100 mA*g<-1>, the specific capacity value is 607 mAh*g<-1>; with an application of the material as a super capacitor material, when the current density is 0.5 A*g<-1>, the specific capacitance is 218 F*g<-1>. The prepared carbon material has the advantages of large specific surface area, excellent electrochemical performance, simple preparation process and easy mass production, and has wide application prospects in electrochemistry and other fields.

The invention relates to a method for separating and purifying four nucleoside chemical ingredients (namely adenine, guanosine, 6-iso inosine and adenosine) from traditional Chinese medicine trichosanthes bark. According to the method, four high-purity monomeric compounds, namely adenine, guanosine, 6-iso inosine and adenosine, are obtained from the trichosanthes bark through the following steps of: (1) preparing a crude trichosanthes bark extract; (2) carrying out crude separation by using a macroporous adsorption resin column; and (3) carrying out separation and purification by using semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography: carrying out separation and purification on obtained samples by using the semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, wherein the mobile phase is methanol-water. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the process flow is environment-friendly, the damage to the environment is not serious, and the comprehensive cost is low.