The invention provides a method for simultaneously extracting rhaponticin, deoxyrhaponticin and
anthraquinone compounds from
rheum officinale, which can solve the problems of resource waste, high cost, complex process and low
recovery rate caused by the fact that rhaponticin, deoxyrhaponticin and
anthraquinone compounds cannot be simultaneously obtained by the existing method. The method comprises the following steps: cooking raw materials with boiling water to obtain a first filtrate and residues; adding industrial
ammonia water and a first
alcohol solution into the residues, stirring, extracting and filtering to obtain a second filtrate, concentrating, refrigerating and filtering to obtain a third filtrate and a first precipitate; modifying macroporous adsorption resin; dissolving the first precipitate with a small-polarity
organic solvent, filtering to obtain a fourth filtrate and a second precipitate, concentrating, centrifuging, and combining a
clear liquid with the first filtrate and the third filtrate to obtain a mixed liquid; adsorbing the
mixed solution with modified macroporous adsorption resin, washing with water, eluting, concentrating and
drying to obtain the
anthraquinone compound; dissolving the second precipitate, filtering to obtain a fifth filtrate and a third precipitate, and concentrating and crystallizing to obtain a rhaponticin crude product; and refining.