The invention discloses a method for preparing a
copper-
tin alloy coating on the surface of steel through ultrahigh-speed
laser cladding, which comprises the following steps of: S1, pretreating a steel substrate, and controlling the
surface roughness Ra to be 2.5-3.2 microns; s2, spherical
copper powder and flaky
tin powder with the particle size of 15-53 microns are taken, and the
copper powder is treated through
microwave plasma, so that a nanoscale
copper oxide layer is formed on the surface of the copper powder; s3,
tin powder and the activated copper powder serve as
coating raw materials, an airborne double-
barrel powder feeder is adopted,
laser is in a flat-top type circular
light spot mode, a steel substrate moves relative to a
laser cladding device according to a set track, the laser power is 3.5-4.5 kW, the
laser scanning speed is 50-80 m / min, and the copper powder is molten into a
liquid state to wrap the tin powder; and the temperature of the
molten pool is monitored in real time, so that the temperature is stabilized at 1300-1400 DEG C, and finally the copper-tin
alloy coating is prepared on the surface of the steel substrate. According to the method, efficient, high-precision and low-defect manufacturing of the copper-tin
alloy coating is achieved through a light-powder-matrix coordinated regulation and control mechanism.