122 results about "Graphitic carbon" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for efficiently and rapidly extracting O-chain oligosaccharide. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding sufficient saturated ammonia water into an extracted glycoprotein sample for reaction; (2) adjusting the pH value of the reacted sample to be neutral by using a 10% formic acid solution, and drying to obtain a dried sample; (3) adding ultrapure water into the dried sample, fully dissolving, centrifuging at a high speed, and taking a supernatant solution; injecting the supernatant solution into a porous graphite carbon column which is pre-treated and activated in advance, and after the supernatant solution completely passes through the carbon column, adding ultrapure water to wash the carbon column so as to remove salt ions; and eluting the O-sugar chain adsorbed on the carbon column by using an eluent, collecting the eluent, and drying to obtain the O-chain oligosaccharide. The method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, rapid, efficient, sustainable, green and environment-friendly; the method can be widely used for extracting O-chain oligosaccharide of plant and animal samples; the problems of high extraction cost, time consumption, low yield and the like in the prior art are solved.

The present disclosure relates to the field of catalytic reactors, specifically to a low-temperature catalytic methane splitting reactor operating between 500°C and 650°C. The reactor is designed for the continuous production of high-purity hydrogen and graphitic carbon, with no CO₂ emissions, using a novel combination of supported catalysts, reaction module, and a membrane-based gas separation system.

The utility model provides a sewage pollutant treatment device. The sewage pollutant treatment device comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a cation exchange membrane, an aeration structure and a data acquisition system, the anode chamber contains electrogenesis bacteria liquid containing electrogenesis bacteria; an anode carbon rod is inserted into the anode chamber and is filled with an anode graphite carbon felt; a cathode carbon rod is inserted into the cathode chamber, and a cathode graphite carbon felt is arranged on the cathode carbon rod; the cation exchange membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and the cation exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane; the conventional pollutants in the sewage are decomposed by utilizing electrogenesis bacteria in an anode solution in the anode chamber, chemical energy is converted into electric energy, and electrons and protons are generated; electrons reach the cathode through an external circuit, and protons are transmitted to the cathode chamber through the cation exchange membrane; the aeration structure is communicated with the cathode chamber, oxygen dissolved in the cathode chamber is combined with electrons and protons to generate H2O2, then the H2O2 and Fe < 2 + > are subjected to a Fenton reaction to generate hydroxyl radical.OH, and the hydroxyl radical.OH mineralizes novel pollutants in a cathode solution.

The invention relates to an electroosmosis grouting structure for improving uniform distribution of enzyme-induced mineralization products in shallow sand, which comprises a first electroosmosis grouting assembly and a second electroosmosis grouting assembly which are inserted into the shallow sand to be reinforced, the second electroosmosis grouting assembly is connected to the negative electrode of the direct-current stabilized power source through a wire, the first electroosmosis grouting assembly and the second electroosmosis grouting assembly each comprise at least one electroosmosis grouting pipe, and graphite carbon rings are arranged on the peripheries of the electroosmosis grouting pipes. The electroosmosis, grouting and slurry pumping functions are integrated in the electroosmosis grouting structure, and the diffusion distance of ions in the soil body is further increased, so that mineralized products of the soil body are distributed more uniformly; the problems that in the microbial mineralization technology, the carbonate crystal yield is gradually reduced along with the seepage path, so that the reinforcing effect of the soil body away from the grouting pipe in large-area foundation treatment is poor, and the overall reinforcing effect is not uniform are solved.

Producing an ordered graphitic carbon includes contacting a material including disordered elemental carbon and a metal with chlorine gas, thereby yielding a gaseous product comprising a chloride of the metal and a solid product comprising the ordered graphitic carbon.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas comprising: contacting at a temperature between 600° C. and 1000° C. the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide.

A method for preparing a self-supporting armor catalyst and its application, belonging to the field of electrocatalyst technology, is disclosed. The method uses the natural soft biomass Pleurotus eryngii as a precursor, immersing it in a Co salt solution to allow cobalt to adsorb onto the biomass in ionic form. The biomass is then carbonized into graphite carbon with a stable structure. The biomass itself serves as a partial phosphating source, acting as a phosphating agent during the carbonization process to partially phosphate the Co metal. Finally, further phosphating treatment is performed to completely phosphate the Co metal in the form of Co2P, directly yielding the self-supporting armor catalyst. This method is simple to operate, utilizes readily available and low-cost raw materials, and can be used directly as a bifunctional electrode for electrocatalytic water splitting, avoiding the use of conductive agents and binders, facilitating large-scale production and application.

The invention provides a blank molding assembly block of diamond large single crystals and a plastic growth method, and belongs to the technical field of superhard material synthesis. The blank molding assembly block comprises a mutually-embedded metal catalyst layer formed by mutually embedding a plurality of prismatic table metal catalyst structures, the whole mutually-embedded metal catalyst layer is in a prismatic table shape, one of the upper end face and the lower end face of each prismatic table metal catalyst structure is in contact with the high-purity graphite carbon source layer, and the other one of the upper end face and the lower end face of each prismatic table metal catalyst structure is in contact with the seed crystal; the adjacent prismatic table metal catalyst structures are separated by an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is a Ca coating or a BN coating. A mutually-embedded prismatic-table-shaped metal catalyst structure with an axial temperature gradient and a carbon diffusion channel is constructed in a blank assembly block, diamond is induced to grow in a preset direction in an HPHT environment, directional shaping growth of the diamond is achieved under the condition that the process complexity is not improved, and the quality of the diamond is improved. The crystal morphology controllability, the catalytic agent utilization efficiency and the final drilling rate are remarkably improved, and the single-cavity yield is increased.

A system and method for producing graphitic carbon, with the method including generating amorphous carbon by microwave pyrolysis of a natural gas feedstock in the presence of a carbon catalyst; treating the amorphous carbon with an oxidizing agent to introduce oxygen functionalities; and converting the treated amorphous carbon to graphitic carbon through electrochemical methods.

A catalyst for a metal-air battery includes a nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support and atomically dispersed niobium atoms disposed on the nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support. A positive electrode for a metal-air battery includes a catalyst coated layer comprising niobium atoms and a nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support. The niobium atoms are atomically dispersed on the nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support. A metal-air battery includes an negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a catalyst coated layer that includes niobium atoms and a nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support. The niobium atoms are atomically dispersed on the nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon support.

Graphite carbon brick trepanning equipment comprises a base, a power part, a drilling self-water-inlet connecting part, a drilling assembly, a carbon brick supporting device and a carbon brick pressing device. One end of the drilling self-water-inlet connecting part is installed at the output end of the power part, the other end of the drilling self-water-inlet connecting part is installed on the drilling assembly, and the drilling assembly and the drilling self-water-inlet connecting part are coaxial. The carbon brick supporting device comprises a height adjusting mechanism and a transverse adjusting mechanism; the height adjusting mechanism is installed on the base, and the transverse adjusting mechanism is installed on the top of the height adjusting mechanism. During use, the carbon brick pressing device can press a carbon brick needing to be perforated on the top of the transverse adjusting mechanism from the upper portion, and the carbon brick is prevented from moving; according to the drilling device, the drilling assembly is arranged, then the hole forming position of the carbon brick can be adjusted to be right opposite to the drilling assembly through the height adjusting mechanism and the transverse adjusting mechanism, the end of the drilling assembly is accurately aligned to the position needing hole forming, one-time through hole forming from the single side of the carbon block can be achieved when large-size carbon block drilling is conducted, and the hole forming precision of the carbon block is guaranteed.

The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell comprising a fuel storage material made of a mesoporous N-doped carbon material. The fuel storage material comprises a proton conducting polymeric material and a composite material comprising an agglomerated (N-doped) carbon nanofoam particle scaffold and a coating on the scaffold, the coating comprising N-doped graphitic carbon. The fuel storage material allows for storage of a fuel reserve inside the fuel cell, and is generally incorporated adjacent an electrode to provide fuel to the electrode when the fuel cell is operating in a redox mode.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing adiponitrile, comprising the following steps: adding acrylonitrile, an ionic liquid, and water to an electrolytic cell, and generating adiponitrile by a reduction reaction at the cathode; wherein the cathode material comprises a substrate, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, the substrate being selected from one of graphite, carbon steel, and titanium; the intermediate layer comprising a metal material selected from one of cadmium, lead, silver, and tin, and being connected to the substrate by supersonic flame spraying, magnetron sputtering, or plasma spraying; and the surface layer comprising two types of metals, the first type of metal being selected from one of metallic cadmium, lead, tin, and silver, and the second type of metal element being selected from one of rare earth metals. The present invention provides a green and efficient method for preparing adiponitrile, solving the problems of complex reaction processes, difficult product separation, and high safety risks associated with existing production technologies.

The invention relates to a fuel cell system with hydrogen separation and hydrogen regeneration capabilities. A fuel cell system including an electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) and a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is provided. The EHP includes a first membrane electrode assembly having a first electrolyte membrane, an anode, a cathode, and a bipolar plate, while the PEMFC includes a second membrane electrode assembly having similar components. The hydrogen gas generated by the EHP is supplied to the anode of the PEMFC for power generation. The system is characterized by high temperature operation, effective hydrogen transfer via a silica binder, and an optimized bipolar plate made of graphitic carbon having a low resistance and thermoset resin content. The system ensures efficient power generation with minimal hydrogen loss and operates without the need for additional mechanical or electrical auxiliary equipment components.

A carbon composition useful as a sodium-ion battery anode material, the composition comprising an amorphous carbon material containing randomly oriented graphene platelets along with the following additional features: (i) nanovoids contoured by layers of the graphene platelets, wherein the nanovoids have a size of 2-20 nm; (ii) sub-nanopores that traverse said layers and having a size of 0.2-0.6 nm; and (iii) microchannels connecting between said nanovoids, wherein said microchannels have a width less than 2 nm Further described herein are sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries containing the carbon composition incorporated into an anode of the battery. Further described herein is a method for producing the carbon composition by gradual heating of a carbonaceous precursor material such as biomass or plastic waste.

The present invention mainly relates to a process for preparing sub-micrometer-sized graphitic carbon nitrides, comprising a step of milling or sonicating graphitic carbon nitrides. The present invention also relates to a sub-micrometer-sized graphitic carbon nitride having a volume size distribution in which the particle size of less than 1 μm dominates more than 50% of a volume of total particles in the suspension.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a secondary ball-milled sulfur-doped phosphorus-carbon negative electrode material and application of the secondary ball-milled sulfur-doped phosphorus-carbon negative electrode material in a sodium-ion battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing a proper amount of phosphorus source, carbon source and sulfur source according to a certain ball-to-material ratio; the phosphorus source can be selected from red phosphorus or black phosphorus, and the carbon source can be a carbon material with good conductivity and structural stability, such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and the like; the sulfur source may be a mixture of an inorganic sulfur source and a sulfur-containing biological agent. The primary ball-milling comprises the following steps: adding a phosphorus source and a carbon source into a ball-milling tank according to a certain proportion, and carrying out ball-milling treatment at a certain rotating speed for a certain time under the protection of inert gas, so that the phosphorus source and the carbon source are fully hybridized to form a phosphorus-carbon bond; and mixing the phosphorus-carbon material obtained by primary ball milling with a sulfur source, uniformly adding the mixture into the ball milling tank, carrying out secondary ball milling treatment at a certain rotating speed for a certain time under the protection of inert gas, and gradually dispersing and doping the sulfur source into the phosphorus-carbon system in the process to form the sulfur-doped phosphorus-carbon negative electrode material.

The application relates to the technical field of electrocatalysis, in particular to a preparation method and application of a bismuth nanocrystal / nitrogen-rich graphite carbon electrocatalyst, which comprises the following steps: S1, adding urea and ammonium chloride into water, stirring, freeze-drying, grinding, and obtaining a chelating ligand; S2, adding bismuth citrate into the chelating ligand, carrying out a solid-phase reaction, and obtaining a precursor; and S3, calcining the precursor under nitrogen protection, and obtaining the bismuth nanocrystal / nitrogen-rich graphite carbon electrocatalyst. The problems that reduction and reconstruction reactions are prone to occur in the process of catalyzing CO2 electrocatalytic reduction, and the difficulty in increasing the recognition and performance regulation of active sites can be solved.

Carbon-based composite materials are provided, such as those comprising at least 80 weight % of graphitic carbon comprising functional groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds, the graphitic carbon in the form of a mat of randomly entangled elongated structures; not more than 20 weight % of a polymer or a nanofiber thereof, dispersed within the graphitic carbon, the polymer or the nanofiber thereof comprising corresponding functional groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds with the functional groups of the graphitic carbon; and a plurality of hydrogen bonds at an interface formed between the graphitic carbon and the polymer or the nanofiber thereof, the plurality of hydrogen bonds formed between the functional groups of the graphitic carbon and the corresponding functional groups of the polymer or the nanofiber thereof.

Polymer waste is converted to graphite and graphitic porous carbons with the aid of solid additives. The air processing developed in this invention overcomes the oxygen diffusion bottlenecks for processing bulk polymer waste, achieving char yield over three orders of magnitude compared to without using solid additives. Thermally stabilized materials can be converted into highly crystalline flake graphite via low-temperature catalytic graphitization with a very high degree of graphitization. The plastics-derived graphite showed excellent electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery anodes, capacitors, and supercapacitors. Graphite compositions are described.

An anode material for a lithium ion battery comprises a carbonaceous silicon composite material. The composite material comprises Si nanoparticles, and nanostructured and microporous graphitic carbon and / or silicon carbide, wherein the graphitic carbon and / or silicon carbide are derived at least in part from carbonized metal organic framework.

Disclosed is a method for producing an ordered graphitic carbon. Said method includes contacting a material including disordered elemental carbon and a metal with chlorine gas, thereby yielding a gaseous product comprising a chloride of the metal and a solid product comprising the ordered graphitic carbon. A lithium ion battery comprising the ordered graphitic carbon.

METHODS FOR REDUCING THE PARTICLE SIZE OF GRAPHITICAL CARBON NITRIDE The present invention relates primarily to a method for preparing submicrometer-sized graphitic carbon nitrides, comprising a step of grinding or sonicating the graphitic carbon nitrides. The present invention further relates to a submicrometer-sized graphitic carbon nitride having a volume size distribution in which particles smaller than 1 μm dominate more than 50% of the total particle volume in the suspension. Figure for the abstract: Figure 4

A method is disclosed for producing carbon fibers with active components such as those for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). The method includes electrospinning a solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and a transition metal into composite fibers; and annealing the composite fibers in an inert / reducing atmosphere.

The application provides an aromatic hydrocarbon oil for mesophase pitch and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of purification, refining, reforming, conversion and purification. The method can convert and purify heavy residual oil into aromatic hydrocarbon oil with high aromatic hydrocarbon content, and the obtained aromatic hydrocarbon oil has narrow molecular weight distribution interval, low ash content and low sulfur content. The mesophase pitch prepared by using the aromatic hydrocarbon oil through different processes has high mesophase content, uniform molecular weight distribution, good large streamline body configuration of mesophase morphology, low ash content and sulfur content, suitable softening point and good spinnability, and is applied to the preparation of carbon fiber or graphite carbon foam and other carbon materials, and has excellent performance. Moreover, the equipment used in the method is all conventional industrial production equipment, so that the equipment investment and production difficulty of related enterprises for converting production of the aromatic hydrocarbon oil can be greatly reduced.

Liquid admixtures including three-dimensional graphene (3DG carbons) for cementitious materials including high performance concrete formulations. The 3DG carbons may include a carbon-based material including flaky graphene and nodular graphene. The 3DG carbons may include three-dimensional graphene flakes and amorphous graphitic carbon. A concentration of 3DG carbons in the liquid admixture may be less than approximately 100 g / liter. Concrete compositions including 3DG carbons. The compressive strength of an example concrete composition including 3DG carbons and measured using ASTM C39 at a hydration period of 28 days may be at least 55 MPa.

The present invention relates to composites comprising graphitic carbon dispersed within a polymer matrix. The composites have high thermal conductivities and are particularly useful in solar thermal collectors and other heat exchangers.

A method of increasing porosity of graphitic carbon black comprises combining graphitic carbon black having a Raman planar size (La) of at least 20 Angstroms with at least 100 ppm of an alkaline earth element selected from strontium, barium, and a mixture of both to form a mixture, and contacting the mixture with an etchant at a temperature of 900-1400° C. until 2%-85% of the mass of the carbon black is lost.

The invention discloses a composite refractory material blast furnace skimmer and a preparation method thereof. The blast furnace skimmer is prepared from sintered corundum, brown corundum, white corundum, chromic oxide or activated aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or boron carbide, metal chromium powder or metal aluminum powder, squamous graphite, silicon carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide fibers, polypropylene explosion-proof fibers, high-temperature asphalt powder and a polyphosphate dispersing agent in different specifications. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a powdery raw material and a liquid raw material according to the raw material ratio; and mixing the powdery raw material and the liquid raw material, pouring and molding, and then air-drying, drying and sintering to obtain the product. The blast furnace skimmer provided by the invention has relatively high strength, slag corrosion resistance, scouring resistance, oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance, and the service life of the blast furnace skimmer is greatly prolonged.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of nano materials and aims to provide to a method for preparing nano-graphene oxide by electrochemically exfoliating a carbon fiber material. The method includes the following steps: building an electrochemical reaction system by using a raw material with a carbon fiber as a basic structural unit as an anode, a metal or graphitic carbon material as a cathode, and a phosphate buffer solution with a neutral pH as an electrolyte; in an electrolysis process, gradually exfoliating a carbon fiber in the anode raw material and dispersing the carbon fiber in the electrolyte solution to generate graphene oxide; centrifuging to separate the reacted electrolyte solution, taking upper dispersion liquid, and washing away residual anions and cations; and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain nano-graphene oxide dispersed in water and free of impurities.