Method for preparing silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as raw material as well as prepared silicon-carbon compound and application thereof

A carbon composite and biomass technology, applied in the comprehensive field of biological waste resources, can solve problems such as pollution, poor uniformity of silicon-carbon composite materials, poor electrical conductivity, etc., and achieve simple and easy process, rich and cheap raw materials, and uniform particle size distribution uniform effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-05-13
WUHAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, there are two fatal shortcomings of silicon as a negative electrode material: one is that during the intercalation/deintercalation process of lithium, there is a serious volume change (400%), which leads to rapid capacity decay and poor cycle performance; Semiconductor, which itself conducts electricity very poorly
[0004] The preparation of silicon-carbon composite electrode materials in the current literature and patents

Method used

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  • Method for preparing silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as raw material as well as prepared silicon-carbon compound and application thereof
  • Method for preparing silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as raw material as well as prepared silicon-carbon compound and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] (1) 5g of rice husk is acid boiled to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, and then dried after repeated cleaning;

[0024] (2) Grind the rice husk boiled with acid in (1) into powder and carbonize it at 600° C. for 6 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain a black composite of silicon dioxide and carbon (the mass of silicon dioxide is 0.9 g);

[0025] (3) Add magnesium powder and NaCl to the black product in (2) according to the ratio of silicon dioxide: magnesium powder: NaCl molar ratio 1: 2.5: 10 and ball mill and mix evenly, then put the mixture into a tube furnace to Heating at a heating rate of 5°C / min to 650°C for 3 hours, and taking out the product after cooling to room temperature with the furnace;

[0026] (4) Wash the obtained product in 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid and stir for 12 h, then wash and stir in 0.1 mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 12 h, filter with suction and dry to obtain a silicon-carbon composite.

[0027] Depend on figure 1 It can be seen from t...

Embodiment 2

[0029] (1) 5g of bamboo leaf acid is boiled to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, and then dried after repeated cleaning;

[0030] (2) Grind the bamboo leaves boiled with acid in (1) into powder and carbonize them at 400° C. for 12 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain a black composite of silicon dioxide and carbon (the mass of silicon dioxide is 2.21 g);

[0031] (3) Add magnesium powder and NaCl to the black product in (2) according to the ratio of silicon dioxide: magnesium powder: NaCl molar ratio 1: 1.5: 5 and ball mill to mix evenly, then put the mixture into a tube furnace to Heating at a heating rate of 1°C / min to 600°C for 12 hours, and taking out the product after cooling to room temperature with the furnace;

[0032] (4) Wash the obtained product in 1 mol / L sulfuric acid and stir for 9 h, then wash and stir in 1 mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 9 h, filter with suction and dry to obtain a silicon-carbon composite.

[0033] The silicon-carbon composite is used as th...

Embodiment 3

[0035] (1) 5g of stalks are acid boiled to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, and then dried after repeated washing;

[0036] (2) Grind the straw cooked with acid in (1) into powder and carbonize it at 500°C for 9 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain a black composite of silicon dioxide and carbon (the mass of silicon dioxide is 0.47g);

[0037] (3) Add magnesium powder and KCl to the black product in (2) according to the ratio of silicon dioxide: magnesium powder: KCl molar ratio 1:0.5:3 and ball milling to mix evenly, then put the mixture into a tube furnace to Heating at a heating rate of 10°C / min to 500°C for 9 hours, and taking out the product after cooling to room temperature with the furnace;

[0038] (4) The obtained product was washed and stirred in 3 mol / L nitric acid and stirred for 6 h, then washed and stirred in 3 mol / L hydrofluoric acid for 6 h, filtered and dried to obtain a silicon-carbon composite.

[0039] The silicon-carbon composite is used as the neg...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: performing acid boiling treatment on the silicon-containing biomass so as to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, washing, drying, grinding into powder, carbonizing in inert atmosphere so as to obtain a composite product of silicon dioxide and carbon, uniformly mixing the carbonized product, magnesium powder and molten salts, and putting into a tubular furnace to react in inert atmosphere, thereby obtaining a porous silicon-carbon composite material that porous silicon nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in carbon. The method is simple and feasible in process and rich and cheap in raw material, the reaction temperature is controlled as heat is absorbed when the added molten salts are molten, the structure that silicon dioxide is naturally embedded into organisms in original silicon-containing biomass is well maintained in the obtained silicon-carbon compound, and moreover, the obtained silicon nanoparticles are uniform in particle size distribution and can be applied to the field of lithium ion battery cathode materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive biological waste resources, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite by using silicon-containing biomass as a raw material, the prepared silicon-carbon composite and its application. Background technique [0002] As a green and clean energy, lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high working voltage, high energy density, and low self-discharge rate. They are widely used in various portable electronic devices. Speed ​​increases. At present, the anode materials of commercial lithium-ion batteries are mainly graphite-like carbon (C) materials, but the theoretical lithium storage capacity of carbon materials is only 372mAh / g, which cannot meet people's demand for high energy density materials. The theoretical lithium storage capacity of silicon (Si) is as high as 4200mAh / g, more than 10 times the theoretical capacity of graphite, and the voltage plat...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/587
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/587H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 霍开富高标肖翔苏建君付继江张旭明
Owner WUHAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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