524 results about "Silicon nanoparticle" patented technology

A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.

A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.

Silicon nanowires and silicon nanoparticle chains are formed by the activation of silicon monoxide in the vapor phase. The silicon monoxide source may be solid or gaseous, and the activation may be by thermal excitation, laser ablation, plasma or magnetron sputtering. The present invention produces large amounts of silicon nanowires without requiring the use of any catalysts that may cause contamination.

Silicon nanosponge particles prepared from a metallurgical grade silicon powder having an initial particle size ranging from about 1 micron to about 4 microns is presented. Each silicon nanosponge particle has a structure comprising a plurality of nanocrystals with pores disposed between the nanocrystals and throughout the entire nanosponge particle.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle. The preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining a polymer-silica composite nanoparticle having a core-shell structure by adopting spherical aggregations of an amphiphilic segmented copolymer in an aqueous solution and a cationic surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as double templates and ethyl orthosilicate as a silicon source and by hydrolyzing the silicon source under an alkaline condition; and calcining to remove the templates to obtain the hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity, mild reaction condition, and cheap experiment raw materials, and the prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticle has the advantages of high specific surface area, high pore volume, and good biological compatibility. The hollow structure enables the drug loading amount to be substantially improved, nanometer gold, nanometer silver, magnetic iron oxide particles, quantum dots, a contrast agent and the like to be loaded, so the hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle can be used as a targeting drug release carrier, can be used for magnetic resonance image analysis, and has good application prospects in the fields of the diagnosis and the treatment of cancers.

The invention features biocompatible fluorescent nanoparticle and their use in in vivo imaging methods.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silicon/graphene laminar composite material for lithium ion battery cathode. The composite material adopts a laminar sandwich structure, silicon nano-particles are dispersed on each lamina of the grapheme, the laminas of the grapheme are separated from one another by the silicon nano-particles and the edges of the laminas are in lapped joint so as to constitute a laminar conductive network structure. The preparation method thereof comprises the steps of: formulating anhydrous silicon tetrachloride, surface active agent, sodium naphthalene and graphite oxide to tetrahydrofuran solution, adding the tetrahydrofuran solution into a reactor for reaction in vacuum at the temperature ranging from 380 to 400 DEG C, filtering the reactant to result in the product, and then washing, drying and heating the product to obtain the silicon/grapheme composite material. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process and great easiness for industrial production; and the silicon/graphene laminar composite material prepared according to the method includes excellent conductivity, power performance, electrochemical activity and cycle stability, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing lithium ion battery cathode.

A silicon nanoparticle transistor and transistor memory device. The transistor of the invention has silicon nanoparticles, dimensioned on the order of 1 nm, in a gate area of a field effect transistor. The resulting transistor is a transistor in which single electron flow controls operation of the transistor. Room temperature operation is possible with the novel transistor structure by radiation assistance, with radiation being directed toward the silicon nanoparticles to create necessary holes in the quantum structure for the flow of an electron. The transistor of the invention also forms the basis for a memory device. The device is a flash memory device which will store electrical charge instead of magnetic effects.

A negative active material having controlled particle size distribution of silicon nanoparticles in a silicon-based alloy, a lithium battery including the negative active material, and a method of manufacturing the negative active material are disclosed. The negative active material may improve capacity and lifespan characteristics by inhibiting (or reducing) volumetric expansion of the silicon-based alloy. The negative active material may include a silicon-based alloy including: a silicon alloy-based matrix; and silicon nanoparticles distributed in the silicon alloy-based matrix, wherein a particle size distribution of the silicon nanoparticles satisfies D10≧10 nm and D90≦75 nm.

Nanostructured anodes for high capacity rechargeable batteries are provided according to various aspects of the disclosure. The nanostructure anodes may comprise silicon nanoparticles for the active material of the anodes to increase the storage capacity of the batteries. The silicon nanoparticles are able to move relative to one another to accommodate volume expansion during lithium intercalation, and therefore mitigate active material degradation due to volume expansion. The anodes may also comprise elastomeric binders that bind the silicon nanoparticles together and prevent capacity loss due to separation and electrical isolation of the silicon nanoparticles.

The present invention is a negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, comprising at least: particles wherein silicon nanoparticles are dispersed in silicon oxide (silicon oxide particles); and a metal oxide coating formed on a surface of the silicon oxide particles. As a result, there is provided a negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries that enables the production of a negative electrode suitable for lithium-ion secondary batteries and the like that provides improved safety and cycle performance over conventional negative electrode materials.

The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-carbon compound from silicon-containing biomass as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: performing acid boiling treatment on the silicon-containing biomass so as to remove inorganic salt ion impurities, washing, drying, grinding into powder, carbonizing in inert atmosphere so as to obtain a composite product of silicon dioxide and carbon, uniformly mixing the carbonized product, magnesium powder and molten salts, and putting into a tubular furnace to react in inert atmosphere, thereby obtaining a porous silicon-carbon composite material that porous silicon nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in carbon. The method is simple and feasible in process and rich and cheap in raw material, the reaction temperature is controlled as heat is absorbed when the added molten salts are molten, the structure that silicon dioxide is naturally embedded into organisms in original silicon-containing biomass is well maintained in the obtained silicon-carbon compound, and moreover, the obtained silicon nanoparticles are uniform in particle size distribution and can be applied to the field of lithium ion battery cathode materials.

The invention relates to a core-shell silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for a high-capacity type lithium ion battery and a preparation method therefor. The composite material is prepared from silicon nanoparticles and a low-crystallinity carbon material, wherein the silicon nanoparticles are taken as the core, and are coated with a low-crystallinity carbon layer formed by an organic carbon source to form a tightly-combined core-shell coating structure. According to the core-shell silicon carbon composite negative electrode material, the agglomeration among the silicon nanoparticles is effectively avoided; single silicon particles can be coated with amorphous carbon, and then the coated single silicon particles are subjected to high temperature carbonization, so that the degree of order of the carbon shell layer can be improved; the silicon volume expansion can be effectively retrained, the conductivity of the material can be improved, and the cycling performance and the rate capability of the material are further improved.

A one-dimensional super capacitor thread has thin conductive wire electrode. An active layer of silicon nanoparticles and polyaniline surrounds the electrode. An electrolyte layer surrounds the active layer. The electrolyte layer can be a layer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A super capacitor can be formed with two or more of the threads, such as in a twisted pair configuration. The dimensions of the super capacitor can approximate standard threads used in clothing, for example.

A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.

A novel top-down procedure for synthesis of stable passivated nanoparticles uses a one-step mechanochemical process to form and passivate the nanoparticles. High-energy ball milling (HEBM) can advantageously be used to mechanically reduce the size of material to nanoparticles. When the reduction of size occurs in a reactive medium, the passivation of the nanoparticles occurs as the nanoparticles are formed. This results in stable passivated silicon nanoparticles. This procedure can be used, for example in the synthesis of stable alkyl- or alkenyl-passivated silicon and germanium nanoparticles. The covalent bonds between the silicon or germanium and the carbon in the reactive medium create very stable nanoparticles.

The invention discloses a lithium ion secondary battery, an anode material for the same and a preparation method of the anode material. The anode material is made of composite particles comprising conductive metal particles and silicon nanoparticles which can be dispersed in silicon oxide, wherein the sizes of each silicon nanoparticle and each conductive metal particle are respectively 1-100nm, and the mole ratio of oxygen to silicon in the anode material is 1.0<O/Si<2. The anode material is prepared through the steps: with silicon-contained oxides as raw materials, sufficiently mixing the silicon-contained oxides, graphite and asphalt, adding a conductive metal salt, carrying out high-energy ball milling, and then, carrying out high-temperature thermal treatment. By using the anode material, the lithium ion secondary battery with high first circulated charging/discharging efficiency and capacity and good circulation performance can be manufactured.

The invention discloses a silicon/silicon oxycarbide/carbon anode material and a preparation method and an application thereof. In the silicon/silicon oxycarbide/carbon anode material, ultra-small silicon-oxygen-carbon nanoparticles are evenly dispersed into a carbon substrate to be used as a buffer substrate while silicon nanoparticles are evenly inlaid into the carbon/silicon-oxygen-carbon buffer substrate. The method comprises the following steps: with a thermosetting resin monomer as a solvent system instead of a traditional solvent, dispersing silicon nano powder into the solvent evenly; obtaining a solid block of a silicon/polysiloxane/carbon precursor composite material by solidifying vinylite and a silane coupling agent containing double bonds; and carrying out high-temperature calcination after crushing, and carrying out ball-milling to obtain the silicon/silicon oxycarbide/carbon anode material. According to the method, a traditional organic solvent is not used; solvent post-treatment is avoided; the silane coupling agent is directly polymerized with resin; and carbon and silicon-oxygen-carbon are formed in situ through calcination polymer pyrolysis. With ceramic (silicon-oxygen-carbon) and carbon as the buffer substrates, the stress caused by silicon volume expansion is absorbed; and bad consequences caused by silicon volume expansion are eliminated and reduced.