156 results about "Material Degradation" patented technology

The invention relates to a group of alive microbial preparations for preparing compound microbial fertilizer and the preparation method thereof. The alive microbial preparations include a microbial inoculant and an organic material degradation agent. The microbial inoculant includes Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus laterosporus, Azotobocter chroococcum, etc. The organic material degradation agent includes Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus circulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida lipolytica, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus cereus, Streptomyces griseus, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. Thermophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Streptomyces Thermophilus, Geotrichum candidum and Aspergillus oryzae. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out submerged fermentation, directly mixing the bacterial liquids and stirring to obtain a liquid preparation; or mixing with an absorbent to obtain a solid preparation. The alive microbial preparations have the advantages of improving soil fertility, promoting plant growth, enhancing anti-disease, anti-insect and anti-drought capacities of plants, improving quality of agricultural products and so on.

There is provided a solar cell back surface sealing sheet which prevents a material degradation due to hydrolysis in an actual environment in which it is used as a solar cell module and in a high temperature and humidity acceleration test of a solar cell module. The sheet also maintains electrical output characteristics as a solar cell, and excels in antiweatherability. The solar cell back surface sealing sheet has a laminated body formed by laminating at least two or more layers of a base material with a polyurethane adhesive, wherein the polyurethane adhesive includes an adhesive with hydrolysis resistance satisfying the following two conditions; condition (1), wherein laminate strength after storing in a HAST chamber, which is an acceleration test equipment by pressurized steam, for 168 hours at 105 DEG C and 1.05 atm is at least 1N / 15mm or more, and condition (2), wherein separation between the substrates due to delamination does not occur after storing in a HAST chamber, which is an acceleration test equipment by pressurized steam, for 168 hours at 105 DEG C and 1.05 atm.

The invention relates to a composite material structure failure analysis method based on mesomechanics degradation model, and three dimensional basic material performances of the composite material are input parameters, and material performances of the composite material after damage are obtained by mesomechanics calculating method, and seven common failure modes are taken into consideration, which comprise: fiber stretch, fiber compression, matrix stretch, matrix compression, fiber-matrix shearing, layered stretch and layered compression, and finally the material degradation mode in composite material progressive damage analysis is obtained for carrying out failure analysis of the composite material structure; the invention not only can accurately predict structure failure, but also can predict failure mode and position of the structure. According to the composite material structure failure analysis method based on mesomechanics degradation model provided by the invention, the material degradation model is obtained by theory analysis, thereby connecting macroscopic failure and microscomic mechanism of composite material, and compared to the present material degradation model based on experience or test, time and test cost are substantially reduced.

The invention provides a method for preparing a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalytic film, which comprises: firstly, performing nitriding treatment on a metal titanium or titanium alloy surface by using a ion nitriding process; and secondly, growing a TiO2 thin film in situ on the metal titanium or titanium alloy substrate obtained after the nitriding treatment by using a microarc oxidation technique. The method is used in the field of photocatalytic purification. Compared with a TiO2 thin film which is not doped with nitrogen, the nitrogen doped TiO2 photocatalytic film prepared by the method has the advantages that: the ultraviolet light and visible light absorption efficiency is improved obviously; the intensity of light generated current is improved obviously; and the organic material degradation efficiency is improved obviously.

The invention provides a composite structure failure prediction analytical method. The constitutive equation expressing the stress-strain relation of an anisotropic composite under the influences of damp-heat environments is established through the combination of influences of damp-heat strain. Meanwhile, through the combination with an asymptotic damage analysis method, the influences of damp-heat effects on parameters such as rigidity and strength of materials are introduced to the three aspects of a stress analysis mode, a failure criterion and a material degradation model, a UMAT subprogram is complied, packaged and embedded in finite element software, and finally a more perfect asymptotic damage model capable of being used for composite failure analysis under the damp-heat environments is established. Compared with an existing failure asymptotic damage analysis method for various composite structures, the influences of damp-heat effects on failure behaviors of anisotropic composites are considered, the damage process of materials under damp-heat environments can be accurately expressed, and the composite structure failure prediction analytical method is suitable for prediction of simulation and strength of the composite structure damage process under the condition that temperature, humidity and other conditions are more complex.

A method and system for modeling fibrous composites. Initially, material properties are obtained for a model of a fibrous composite, where the model includes integration points and unit cells. For each integration point, composite level stresses and strains are determined based on the material properties, the composite level stresses and strains are decomposed into component level stresses and strains for the integration point, the component level stresses and strains are used to calculate failure quotients at the integration point, an appropriate material reduction model is applied at a component level based on the failure quotients to detect a component failure, the component failure is upscaled to determine updated material properties at a composite level, and the updated material properties are incorporated into the model. At this stage, a composite failure is detected based on the updated model.

An automated guardband compensation system may automatically compensate for degradation in the guardband of a clocked data processing circuit while that circuit is connected within a data processing system. A control circuit may automatically and repeatedly request: a switching circuit to switch a critical path within the clocked data processing circuit out of a data processing pathway within the data processing system while the clocked data processing circuit is connected within the data processing system; a guardband test circuit to test the guardband of the critical path while the critical path is switched out of the data processing pathway; a guardband compensation circuit to increase the guardband when the results of the test indicate a material degradation in the guardband; and a switching circuit to switch the critical path back into the data processing pathway after the test.

What is new in the art to which my invention pertains is that it allows for a repair or restoration of a pressure retaining item that has local material degradation to an acceptable state of condition for continued operation without the need to cut out the degraded section of material or breach the pressure boundary of a pressure retaining item. Common methods of repair include removal of degraded or affected material section and replacement with a new section of equivalent material by joining the new material to an existing item at a location of adequate thickness using full or complete penetration welds. This type of repair may be referred to in the industry as a “flush patch repair”. An additional type of repair where a section of material degradation may be localized is a “weld build-up repair’ wherein weld metal is deposited onto the existing area of affected material to return the material to its original thickness. Both “flush patch repair” and weld build-up repair” methods require breaching of the pressure boundary integrity of a pressure retaining item to implement a repair. The invention does not require breaching a pressure boundary.

The invention relates to a halogen-free flame retardant containing linear phenolic aldehyde and a polymer material containing the halogen-free flame retardant. A small quantity of metal hydroxides can be added simultaneously for serving as synergistic flame retardants. Phosphorus pentoxide generated by the combustion of red phosphorus reacts with a phenolic hydroxyl group in the linear phenolic aldehyde, and phosphonic acid or metaphosphoric acid and the like are generated simultaneously; and the acids of the type are further used for catalyzing dehydration and char formation of phenolic resin, and are esterified with the phenolic hydroxyl group, so that an organic-inorganic hybrid barrier layer is formed. The barrier layer is used for blocking heat conduction, diffusion and permeation of oxygen and overflow of combustible matter and slowing material degradation and the like, so that combustion is stopped finally, and flame is extinguished. A flame retarding effect can be further improved by using a small quantity of hydroxides and inorganic flame retardants containing crystal water. A halogen-free flame retardant composition can be used for retarding combustion of polymers and polymer compositions. A halogen-free flame retardant system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, low toxicity, wide application and the like, and contributes to environmental protection.

The invention relates to a crack performance measurement and optimization solution method for a composite material glue joint structure and belongs to the field of technical research in aeronautical material science. The method comprises the following steps: 1, establishing a crack propagation constructive relation model; 2, designing glue joint layer crack propagation tests by combining constructive relation forms; 3, reversely measuring glue joint layer crack propagation performance parameters by utilizing the multi-variable optimization method, and establishing a complete interface crack propagation mathematic model and analysis method. The crack performance measurement and optimization solution method for the composite material glue joint structure is high in calculation precision and speed, the established crack propagation constructive relation is simple and easy to use, the wide practical application value is achieved, and processes of damage start, material degradation, crack generation and crack propagation of bonding layer materials can be completely revealed.

The invention discloses a vacuum heat insulation plate for building outer walls, the vacuum heat insulation plate comprises a high resistance thin film bag and heat preservation core materials wrapped in the high resistance thin film bag, and the heat preservation core materials comprise basalt fibers. The vacuum heat insulation plate has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, energy-saving and environmental, secure, fireproof, and good in heat preservation property. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the vacuum heat insulation plate. The preparation method of the vacuum heat insulation plate comprises: (1) preparing materials, (2) compression molding, (3) drying, and (4) packaging. The problems of bag swelling, air leakage, core material degradation, and durability of vacuum degree of a traditional vacuum heat insulation plate are solved, meanwhile the defects of using silicon dioxide and other powdery materials and difficult composite filling plating of the silicon dioxide and other powdery materials and fibers are overcome. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and saves both time and labor.

The invention provides an OLED (organic light emitting diode) displaying device and a manufacturing method thereof. The OLED displaying device comprises an array substrate, an OLED device and thin film packaging layers, the OLED device is arranged on the array substrate, the thin film packaging layers are arranged on the array substrate and the OLED device, cover the OLED device and include passivation layers and buffering layers which are arranged alternatively in sequence. The buffering layers comprise organic materials and transparent heat-conducting particles doped in the organic materials. By means of doping the transparent heat-conducting particles in the organic materials, heat conduction efficiency of the buffering layers can be increased, heat conduction efficiency of the thin-film packaging layers can be increased further, working temperature of the OLED device can be lowered, material degradation of the OLED device is avoided from being accelerated due to temperature raising of the OLED device, and service life of the OLED displaying device is prolonged.

An apparatus for atomizing a precursor liquid for vapor generation and thin film deposition on a substrate. The precursor liquid is atomized by a carrier gas to form a droplet aerosol comprised of small precursor liquid droplets suspended in the carrier gas. The droplet aerosol is then heated to form vapor, producing a gas / vapor mixture that can be introduced into a deposition chamber to form thin films on a substrate. The liquid is introduced into the atomizing apparatus in such a manner as to avoid excessive heating that can occur or lead to the formation of undesirable by-products due to material degradation as result of thermal decomposition. The apparatus is particularly suited for vaporizing high molecular weight substances with a low vapor pressure that requires a high vaporization temperature for the liquid to vaporize. The apparatus can also be used to vaporize solid precursors dissolved in a solvent for vaporization.

The invention discloses a fat-soluble composite vitamin I composition freeze-dried powder injection. The fat-soluble composite vitamin I composition freeze-dried powder injection is safe and reliable, has stable quality and is prepared from vitamin A palmitate, vitamin K1, vitamin E, vitamin D2, povidone, propyl gallate, polysorbate 80, mannitol and injection water. The fat-soluble composite vitamin I composition freeze-dried powder injection and the preparation method thereof thoroughly solve that the existing fat-soluble composite vitamin freeze-dried powder injection can not be stored for a long time and the content of related substances is very high and can not be controlled so that injection safety problems and active substance degradation problems are caused. In the clinical use, the fat-soluble composite vitamin I composition freeze-dried powder injection is safe, has stable quality and can be stored for a long time.

The invention provides a method for degrading organic matters by photoelectrocatalysis, belonging to the technical field of non-organic metal materials and pollutant treatment. A graphene / semiconductor oxide composite structure thin film is prepared on conducting glass by a coating method, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene to the semiconductor oxide is (0.2-1.5%): 1. A thin film electrode prepared by using the method provided by the invention is flat in surface and is firmly combined with a substrate. Due to introduction of the graphene, the transmission of photoproduction electrons in the film is improved; and the photoelectric degrading efficiency is obviously improved by applying a thin film material to an organic material degradation field. The thin film electrode loaded with a composite structure catalyst can be recycled and can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, so that the secondary pollution to the water quality is avoided in a water treatment process. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. The method provided by the invention can be used for purifying and treating the organic matters in industrial wastewaterand city domestic sewage.

The invention discloses a 3D printing based degradation-controllable bone tissue engineering scaffold and a preparation method thereof and solves the problems that precise design and manufacture of amicroporous structure cannot be guaranteed by a bone defect repairing material and the material degradation speed cannot be regulated effectively in the prior art. The scaffold is of a porous structure, porosity is 60%-95%, wire diameter of a pore wall support material is 100-800 mu m, and the scaffold is prepared from an ink raw material layer by layer by printing or prepared from at least two different ink raw materials in a layered manner by printing. The method comprises the following steps: preparing the ink raw material for 3D printing; establishing a model, performing hierarchical slicing on the established model, inputting the designed 3D model into a 3D jet printer, performing layer-by-layer printing to precisely form a target green body, and calcining the green body to obtain degradation-controllable bioceramic. By means of the degradation-controllable bone tissue engineering scaffold, combination and assembly of materials with different degradation speeds in 3D space can berealized, precise design forming of the microporous structure can be guaranteed, and the material degradation speed is regulated effectively.

The invention provides a method for increasing the fragrance of black tea through abiotic stress. According to the method, tea leaves are under the condition of abiotic stress, hydrolysis of glucosidetype substances is furthest promoted, and further more floral type flavor components are formed, so that the black tea containing more floral type flavor components is made. The method has the advantages that high-glucoside-content tea tree fresh leaves are used as raw materials, through processing technologies of water stress conditions, damage stress and the like, abiotic stress conditions of water content, damage degree, oxidation degree and the like, of tea leaf processing links are accurately controlled, and the glucoside type substances are furthest degraded, so that more flower flavorsubstances are generated, and the made product has natural flower and fruit flavor characteristics. According to the method disclosed by the invention, additives of essence, spice and the like are notadded, and the consumption trend of safe and healthy black tea can be met.

A ter-copolymer for controlling to degrade carbon dioxide / epoxide / lactone and the producing method thereof are provided. The ter-copolymer is named of lactone-epoxide-carbon dioxide. The invention increases the polycarbonate hydrophilicity and biodegradation capacity by introducing the lactone unit containing easy hydrolysis group and bonding easy hydrolysis group on the aliphatic polycarbonate molecular chain and regulates the polycarbonate degradation speed and further achieves the controlled material degradation by controlling the content of the ester-containing unit.

A high-efficiency incineration power generation system for municipal solid waste, comprising the following steps: (1) rough separation; (2) breaking the plastic bag to disperse the internal materials; (3) magnetic separation, separating ferrous metals ; (4) Screening; the material under the screen (sand) is harmlessly landfilled, and the material on the screen is directly crushed; (5) degradation, the material in the screen is degraded, (6) extrusion dehydration; (7) drying (8) crushing; (9) molding; (10) incineration; (11) power generation; slag can be made into burn-free bricks. The invention not only solves the problem that municipal solid waste is difficult to handle, but also turns it into a renewable fuel block with high calorific value, which becomes a new energy source, has small investment and occupied area, short processing cycle and low operating cost.

The invention discloses a sodium alginate-chitosan polyionic compound hydrogel and its 3D-printing preparation method. The compound hydrogel is the sodium alginate-chitosan polyionic compound hydrogelof which carboxylate radicals are crosslinked with ammonium ions, the biocompatibility is good, cell loss caused by material degradation in the cell culture process using hydrogel blocks can be effectively improved, and cells cultured on the materials easily obtain required oxygen and nutrient substances. The 3D-printing preparation method includes the following steps of preparation of a sodium alginate-chitosan polyionic compound solution and preparation of the sodium alginate-chitosan polyionic compound hydrogel. The sodium alginate-chitosan polyionic compound hydrogel is prepared by usingthe 3D-printing technology, the outside dimensions are controllable, pore structures which are visible in the macroscopic aspect and interconnected are obtained, combination between hydrogel materialsand tissue is easily achieved, and after material implantation, wear of materials at a tissue loss site is reduced.

The invention relates to a Beta-TCP porous material and a preparation method thereof. Natural plant fiber or polyurethane sponge is used as a pore creating material. A three-dimensional-net-shaped skeleton green body is prepared by immersing the pore creating material into a slurry made from Beta-TCP which is doped with a trace element Zn. The Beta-TCP porous material is obtained by drying and sintering the three-dimensional-net-shaped skeleton green body. The Beta-TCP material which is doped with the Zn better satisfies the need for material degradation and osseous tissue creeping growth. In the invention, the addition of the trace element Zn into the Beta-TCP porous material improves the ALP activity and promotes the degrading of the Beta-TCP porous material in the case of low porosity, thereby greatly improving the pressive strength and the degrading capability of the Beta-TCP porous material and solving the problem that the mechanical property and the biodegradation property of a Beta-TCP porous biological ceramics embedded material are not matched. The Beta-TCP porous material has good degradation property and good mechanical property, is expectable to improve the defects of bone defect repairing and rebuilding materials, and can be widely and clinically used.

A draft gear assembly includes a yoke and a coupler follower disposed within the yoke. A front compressible resilient member is disposed intermediate the yoke and the coupler follower. A rear compressible resilient member engages a back wall of the yoke at one end and engages a rear follower at a distal end. A center rod extends through the rear compressible resilient member and the rear follower and engages a shortening member. A plurality of stops members are attached to the back wall of the yoke for limiting compression of the rear compressible resilient member during buff travel. The stop members may be extended toward the coupler follower for limiting compression of the front compressible resilient member during draft travel. Alternatively, a center rod or elastomeric pads may be adapted for limiting compression of the resilient compressible members during buff and draft travel. Stops for limiting compression may be also attached to a center sill.

The invention relates PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition improving a silver wire problem in injection molding and a preparation method of the PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition. The PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition comprises components in parts by weight as follows: 20-95 parts of PC, 5-80 parts of ABS, 0.1-20 parts of toner master batches with a special effect, 0.05-1 part of an antioxidant, and 0.1-2 parts of a lubricant. The toner master batches with the special effect are artificially synthesized pigment with pearly luster, which is formed through coating treatment of an acrylonitrile-styrene-GMA (glycidyl methacrylate) copolymer (AS-GMA). During preparation, a screw extruder is adopted to prepare toner master batches with the special effect, and then the screw extruder is adopted to prepare a PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition product, wherein the toner master batches are added in a side feeding manner. Compared with the prior art, the PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition and the preparation method well solve the problems of material degradation, physical property downgrade, silver wire in injection molding when the PC / ABS free-spraying resin composition is prepared in the prior art.

The present invention provides a polymer indentation method and tester that includes measuring the time taken by a polymeric material to recover a set portion of an initial deformation and use this duration as a material degradation indicator. The recovery time was found to be more sensitive to cable degradation than the specific compressive stiffness (or indenter modulus) measured during the indentation phase, and this high sensitivity was achieved for both thermally aged and irradiated polymer samples.

The invention discloses a process for applying non-ionic surfactant (NIS) in breeding ruminants, which comprises drying corn straws, rice straws and wheat straws after harvesting seeds, and pulverizing; adding APG, Span 85 and Tween-80 into pulverized corn straws, rice straws and wheat straws, respectively; conducting in vitro fermentation, and measuring gas production (GP) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD); and determining the types and addition levels of NIS in different types of coarse feeds in accordance with the in vitro fermentation properties. The inventive process is simple and easy to operate, effectively improves the promotion of rumen microorganisms in ruminants on fermentation of straw coarse fodders, and improves the dry matter and organic matter digestibility in rumen, so as to improve the utilization ratio of coarse fodders.

The invention relates to the field of biological medical apparatus and instruments, and particularly relates to an absorbable intraosseous fixing device with biological activity and plasticity and a forming method. The absorbable intraosseous fixing device comprises a bone fracture plate and bone screws, wherein the bone fracture plate is provided with fixing holes and is made by a biologically absorbable high polymer material and biologically active ceramics or biologically active glass; the biologically absorbable high polymer material is 70-95% of the total weight of a composite material in parts by weight, and the biologically active ceramics or biologically active glass takes up 5-30% of the total weight of the composite material; the biologically absorbable high polymer material is selected from one or more of polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate and polyhydroxybutyrate, and the molecular weight is 100,000 to 2,000,000. The absorbable intraosseous fixing device is good in biocompatibility, and can be degraded after the device is implanted in the body; meanwhile, aseptic inflammation caused in the course of material degradation can be reduced, and the pain of a patient can be alleviated; in addition, the personalized customization can be realized.

A system including a harvested plant material degradation system, a microbial growth system in fluid contact with the harvested plant material degradation system, and an intermediary animal system in biomass-transfer interaction with the microbial growth system is disclosed. The intermediary animal can be fed to a product animal for consumption by the product animal. The intermediary animal can be worms, annelids, arthropods, mollusks, and / or fish. The intermediary animal can be provided for human consumption and / or consumption by a product animal, such as a crustacean, mollusk, fish, bird, pig, goat or cow. The product animal can be subsequently provided for human consumption. The harvested plant material degradation system can include polyculture plant material or photosynthetically produced material obtained from a single species of plant.

The invention discloses a method for treating phenolic effluent. The method comprises the steps of complexing ferric trichloride with phenols in the effluent and then conducting phenolic effluent treatment by adopting the method of oxidizing Phenol-Fe complex with H2O2. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that during the treatment, some phenols which are hard to dissolve can be oxidized and degraded after a complexed dissolution, expanding the application range of oxidation degradation. The method and technology adopts simple equipment and is effective and fast in treatment and complete in phenols degradation without secondary pollution, which contributes to achieving the state Grade 1 or Grade 2 industrial effluent discharge standard after a simple treatment.

The invention relates to a method for harmlessly treating chlorotetracycline solid waste by microorganism, belonging to the technical field of environmental microorganism and solid waste treatment. According to the method, chlorotetracycline degrading microorganism is selected, chlorotetracycline dregs are employed as the main material, and a proper amount of specific auxiliary material is added, so that the chlorotetracycline and other biological toxic substances in the dregs can be degraded through fermentation treatment so as to achieve the harmless treatment effect of the dregs. The method for harmlessly treating chlorotetracycline solid waste by microorganism has the advantages of low cost, mild reaction condition, simplicity in operation, low energy consumption, easily controlled fermentation process, environment protection, high degradation efficiency and the like. Through the application of the method for harmlessly treating chlorotetracycline solid waste by microorganism, the biological detoxification problem of the chlorotetracycline dreg is solved, and a method and a basis are provided for harmless treatment and resource utilization of the solid waste.