The invention relates to the improvement of a method for treating polymer-containing sewage of an oil field. The method is characterized in that microorganisms are formed by mixing bacillus cereuses, bacillus megateria, bacillus subtilis, candida lipolytica, bacillus brevis and pseudomonas fluorescens; after microorganism aerobic degradation, post filter treatment is carried out; obligate microorganisms are used for degrading oil and organic pollutants bonded on polymers, thereby improving the separability of surplus inorganic substances and polymer-containing substances; and meanwhile, the degradation of the oil and the organic pollutants creates a condition for subsequently prolonging the filter period of a filter material. The invention has the advantages of simple process, simplified flows, convenient running and management, good treatment effect, low treatment and running cost (0.65-0.7yuen / ton of water, which is 2 / 3 of that of conventional treatment), no need of adding any drug,no treatment secondary pollution and stable treatment effect, can guarantee that treated yield water can stably reach 5.5.2, has small sludge quantity and does not need a sludge treatment system, thereby solving the treatment problem of polymer-containing sewage of an oil field.