99 results about "Spin relaxation time" patented technology

An atomic vapor cell apparatus and method for obtaining spin polarized vapor of alkali atoms with relaxation times in excess of one minute is provided. The interior wall of the vapor cell is coated with an alkene-based material. The preferred coatings are alkenes ranging from C18 to C30 and C20-C24 are particularly preferred. These alkene coating materials, can support approximately 1,000,000 alkali-wall collisions before depolarizing an alkali atom, an improvement by roughly a factor of 100 over traditional alkane-based coatings. Further, the method involves a combination of one or more of the following: the use of a locking device to isolate the atoms in the volume of the vapor cell from the sidearm used as a reservoir for the alkali metal vapor source, careful management of magnetic-field gradients, and the use of the spin-exchange-relaxation-free (SERF) technique for suppressing spin-exchange relaxation.

The invention relates to a method for changing spin relaxation, a method for detecting a spin current, and a spintronic device using spin relaxation, and spin relaxation is changed through injection of a spin current.A spin current 4 is injected into a material 1 in a certain spin state, so that the spin relaxation time can be controlled.

The invention relates to a precise control method of an atom spin SERF (Self-Exchange Relaxation-Free) state for stabilizing an atom spin device, which comprises the following steps that firstly, a precise equation is established for the atom spin SERF state, and a modulation method is adopted to measure the atom spin polarizability to establish a control target; then a control system model as precise as possible is established on the basis of an SERF model, and a parameter identification method is adopted to estimate unknown parameters of the model; and finally, according to the control target, a special structure design control law of the established model is fully used, i.e. the switching time, frequency, orientation and power of laser and the switching time of a modulation magnetic field are optimized, and the atom spin SERF state is precisely controlled in real time in accordance with a quantum control algorithm. By using the precise control method, the atom spin relaxation time is increased, and the problem of instability of scale factors of atom devices such as an atom spin gyroscope and an atom magnetometer based on the atom spin SERF effect is solved. The precise control method can be used for improving the long-time drift precision and the low-frequency sensitivity based on the SERF atom spin device.

To suppress an excessive reduction in resistance of an electro-conductive roller under an H / H environment and reduce a resistance value thereof under an L / L environment, provided is an electro-conductive member for electrophotography, comprising: an electro-conductive mandrel; and an electro-conductive layer provided on a periphery of the mandrel, wherein the electro-conductive layer contains a binder resin having an alkylene oxide structure, and a sulfo or a quaternary ammonium group as an ion exchange group, and an ion having polarity opposite to polarity of the ion exchange group, a water content of the electro-conductive layer under a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80% is 10 mass % or less, and a spin-spin relaxation time of the electro-conductive layer, which is determined by pulse NMR measurement with a hydrogen core being a measurement core under a temperature of 15° C. and a relative humidity of 10%, is 200 μsec or more.

A disc brake shim plate including a metal plate and a rubber section formed on at least one side of the metal plate. The rubber section includes an elastomer and carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 0.5 to 500 nm and dispersed in the elastomer; the rubber section in uncrosslinked form has a first spin-spin relaxation time (T2n), measured at 150° C. by a Hahn-echo method using a pulsed NMR technique with 1H as an observing nucleus, of 100 to 3000 microseconds, and a fraction (fnn) of components having a second spin-spin relaxation time (T2nn) of less than 0.2; and the elastomer is one material selected from a natural rubber, an ethylene-propylene rubber, and a nitrile rubber.

Toner contains a binder resin, wherein the binder resin contains a block copolymer A containing a crystalline segment X and a non-crystalline segment Y, wherein the toner has a thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA) compressive deformation amount (TMA %) of 10% or less at 50° C. and a relative humidity of 90%, wherein the toner has a spin-spin relaxation time (t130) of 10 ms or greater at 130° C. as measured by pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), wherein the toner has a spin-spin relaxation time (t′70) of 1 ms or less at 70° C. as measured by pulse NMR when descending from 130° C. to 70° C.

To suppress an excessive reduction in resistance of an electro-conductive roller under an H / H environment and reduce a resistance value thereof under an L / L environment, provided is an electro-conductive member for electrophotography, comprising: an electro-conductive mandrel; and an electro-conductive layer provided on a periphery of the mandrel, wherein the electro-conductive layer contains a binder resin having an alkylene oxide structure, and a sulfo or a quaternary ammonium group as an ion exchange group, and an ion having polarity opposite to polarity of the ion exchange group, a water content of the electro-conductive layer under a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80% is 10 mass % or less, and a spin-spin relaxation time of the electro-conductive layer, which is determined by pulse NMR measurement with a hydrogen core being a measurement core under a temperature of 15° C. and a relative humidity of 10%, is 200 μsec or more.

A method and system for adaptive acquisition of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data by initially performing an analysis of a set of samples using a wide range of spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) times, and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) times of the sample under magnetic resonance imaging, and ranking the level of impact each of those T1s and T2s has on inversion times (TIs) and echo times (TEs) respectively. The method and system create a look-up table based on the data generated, and then perform another measurement using a smaller number of T1s and T2s using a small number of TIs and TEs, and compare the results to the data in the look-up table in order to select the closest point in the look-up table.

In a light-emitting apparatus using a silicone resin as a sealant of its light-emitting element, it is intended to prevent discoloration of its lead frame. A light-emitting element fixed to a lead frame is sealed with a sealed portion formed by a silicone resin. An average spin-spin relaxation time of the silicone resin is equal to or smaller than 100 microseconds at 25° C. at a resonance frequency of 25 MHz.

A toner includes a binder resin including a copolymer resin containing structural units derived from crystalline and non-crystalline resins, respectively. Spin-spin relaxation time (t50) of the toner at 50° C. measured by pulse NMR is ≦0.05 msec., spin-spin relaxation time (t130) at 130° C. when warmed from 50° C. to 130° C. is >15 msec., and spin-spin relaxation time (t′70) at 70° C. when cooled from 130° C. to 70° C. is ≦1.00 msec. A binarized image obtained by binarizing a phase image of the toner observed by a tapping mode AFM based on intermediate value between maximum and minimum phase difference values in the phase image includes first phase difference images constituted by large phase-difference portions and a second phase difference image constituted by a small phase-difference portion. The first phase difference images are dispersed in the second phase difference image. The dispersion diameter of the first phase difference images is 150 nm or less.

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system and method for determining oil and water composition in drilling mud by separating out signals from oil and water in a two dimensional relaxation space wherein the oil and water ratio is a function of the separated out signals. The spin-lattice relaxation time distribution or a spin-spin relaxation time distribution of the sample is measured and a spin-lattice versus spin-spin or a spin-spin versus diffusion two-dimensional procedure is applied to separate the components of the drilling fluid. The signal intensities from the oil and water regions of the one-dimensional or two-dimensional NMR measurements are used to quantify the relative portion of the proton NMR signal from the oil and water and to determine the ratio of oil and water in the drilling mud.

The invention relates to a method for increasing spin relaxation time of polarized gas in an atom pool. A light-induced desorption principle is adopted to accelerate escaping of polarized atoms from an anti-degradation polarized film to reduce time that the polarized atoms are adsorbed, nonuniformity in type and number of the atoms adsorbed on the surface of the anti-degradation polarized film is lowered, and gradient of an electric field on the anti-degradation polarized film is reduced. Through the above two physical mechanisms, probability of spin relaxation of polarized nuclei is lowered, and spin relaxation time of the polarized atoms is increased. By the method, spin relaxation time of atoms in the atom pool can be increased, and spin relaxation time of the polarized atoms with nuclear quadrupole moment can be increased especially; the method is of great significance in improving performance of an atomic magnetometer and an atomic spin gyroscope.

A toner, including: a colorant; a binder resin; and a releasing agent, wherein the binder resin includes a polyester resin, and the toner satisfies requirements (1) and (2) below: (1): G′(50)≧3.0×107 Pa and 1.0×105 Pa≦G′(60)≦1.0×107 Pa, where G′(50) is a storage modulus at 50° C. of the toner and G′(60) is a storage modulus at 60° C. of the toner; and (2): a spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 50° C. measured by solid echo method of pulse NMR is 1.0 ms or shorter.

Provided is a cleaning blade including an elastic member, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of the elastic member obtained by a solid echo method in a pulse NMR analysis is longer than or equal to 0.60 msec but shorter than or equal to 1.0 msec, and wherein the elastic member has a contact part to contact a surface of a cleaning target member, and the contact part contains a cured product of a curable composition.

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting electron spin transient information. The method is particularly used for detecting a spin longitudinal relaxation transient process of a long-life electron with hundred-nanosecond to hundred-millisecond magnitude, and belongs to the crossed field of laser application technology and spintronics. The method is characterized in that left-hand and right-hand circular polarization laser which is periodically and continuously switched is used for exciting a material so that a spin non-balanced period of the electron dynamically evolves. Thelight emitting transient process of the detected material can reflect evolution of layout number of the electrons in different electron energy grades, and furthermore electron spin relaxation time and spin polarization are estimated. The method and the device have advantages of high detecting sensitivity, easy quantitative analysis for spin polarization, capability of detecting the spin evolutionof the long-lifetime electron, easy detection for spin information of ground state electron, etc.

Provided is [i] a toner including at least a colorant, a resin, and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (t2) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 1.80 msec to 7.00 msec. Also provided is [ii] a toner according to [i], wherein the spin-spin relaxation time (t2) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 3.80 msec to 5.90 msec.

Disclosed herein is a structure and method for manipulating a spin state, regarded as important in the field of spintronics, by which the distribution of spin-up and spin-down states of carriers in a hybrid double quantum disk structure, composed of a diluted magnetic semiconductor and a ferroelectric compound semiconductor, is manipulated through dipole polarization switching of the ferroelectric compound semiconductor without a change in bias. Giant Zeeman splitting properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductor and polarization properties of the ferroelectric compound semiconductor are applied in conjunction with the Pauli exclusion principle, thus enabling the combination or separation of carriers in spin-up and spin-down states in the hybrid double quantum disk structure. The spin relaxation time in the structure is on the order of microseconds, during which the spin state is well-defined, and therefore, the structure can be applied to microprocessors having gigahertz clock speeds.

A spherical air chamber relates to the technical field of atomic air chamber preparation and comprises a main spherical shell, a capillary tube and four light-passing discs, wherein, the main spherical shell is a hollow spherical structure; the capillary tube extends from the top into the main spherical shell; each light-passing disc is a flat cylindrical structure; the four light-passing discs are fixedly mounted in the sidewall of the main spherical shell; the top center of the main spherical shell is provided with a circular small hole; the capillary tube passes through the circular small hole to go into the main spherical shell; at the center of the sidewall of the main spherical shell, four circular light-passing holes are uniformly arranged; and the four light-passing discs are fixedly mounted in the four light-passing holes. The spherical air chamber provides a high-quality two-dimensional light path, and effectively alleviates the collision relaxation between atoms and the inner wall of the air chamber, thereby increasing the polarizability and the macroscopic spin relaxation time of the atomic air chamber.

The application is suitable for the technical field of magnetic resonance, and provides a rapid magnetic resonance multi-parameter imaging method and device. The method comprises the steps: collectingN groups of data through a pulse sequence, and carrying out the reconstruction based on the N groups of data to obtain N images, setting the N to be an integer greater than or equal to 1; generatinga dictionary from the parameters of the pulse sequence, a spin-lattice relaxation time constant T1 and a spin-spin relaxation time constant T2 through a fractional order Bloch model; and matching thesignal sequences of the corresponding pixels on the N images with the entries in the dictionary, and determining final R tissue characteristic parameter graphs as the output of fingerprint imaging according to the matching degree. According to the application, the accuracy of magnetic resonance fingerprint quantitative imaging can be improved.

A method of providing a material sample in a state favorable to retaining spin polarization includes cooling a material sample from a temperature above a freezing point of the material sample down to a second temperature below the freezing point of the material sample; maintaining the sample at about the second temperature for a period of about several hours; and reducing temperature of the material sample to a third temperature lower than the second temperature to provide the material sample in a state favorable to retaining spin polarization, where the steps of cooling, maintaining and reducing are performed in the absence of an adulterant material. The method of providing a sample of pyruvic acid in a state favorable to retaining spin polarization may include cooling the sample of pyruvic acid in the absence of an adulterant material from a temperature above a freezing point of the sample of pyruvic acid down to less than about 200 Kelvin to provide the sample.

A curable composition includes a polymerizable compound containing diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and a mono-functional (meth)acrylate having an OH group and a resin, wherein the resin satisfies the following (1) and (2), (1). a viscosity at 25 degrees C. of a liquid mixture of 70 parts of the diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 30 parts of the resin is 15 to 27 times greater than that of the diethylene glycol dimethacrylate alone, and (2). the liquid mixture has a spin-spin relaxation time of 240 ms or less as measured by Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) of pulse Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis.

An imaging agent is disclosed for use in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging agent includes a first substance and a second substance. The first substance includes at least one atom having non-zero nuclear spin providing a polarized magnetic orientation. The second substance is bound to the first substance and inhibits physical contact between the at least one atom and other atoms and molecules to thereby inhibit spin relaxation of the polarized magnetic orientation of the at least one atom.

The invention relates to a method for screening an anaerobe traditional Chinese medicine inhibitor on basis of a ZnO nanoprobe and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine development and application. The method depends on establishment of a method based on the prepared ZnO nanoprobe and used for screening a traditional Chinese medicine formula for inhibiting anaerobes. Whether a sample contains target bacteria is detected by using the characteristic that the antibody-coated magnetic ZnO nanoprobe can perform specific combination on the target bacteria and by using the effect of the magnetic characteristic of ZnO on nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time. The magnetic ZnO nanoprobe has a linear relation with the nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time within a certain range, that is, the higher the nano ZnO content, the shorter the nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation time and spin-spin relaxation time of the sampler is, the target bacteria can be detected quantitatively in a certain range, and the antibacterial effect of the traditional Chinese medicine formula is indirectly evaluated. The method can be used for screening the traditional Chinese medicine formula having the inhibition effect on the anaerobes and increase the development speed of traditional Chinese medicine products.

The invention provides a fat temperature measuring method. The fat temperature measuring method comprises the following steps: detecting spinning-spinning relaxation time T2 of fat tissue based on aninterval scanning three-echo steady state iTESS sequence; and according to the corresponding relation between the fat temperature marked in advance and the spinning-spinning relaxation time T2 of thefat tissue, searching for the fat temperature corresponding to the detected spinning-spinning relaxation time T2. For the fat temperature measuring method realizing T2 detection based on the iTESS sequence, the pure constraint of the fat tissue is eliminated, rapid detection can be carried out, a radio-frequency pulse flip angle used by the sequence is small, and the problem that an SAR value exceeds the standard seldom occurs.

In a light-emitting apparatus using a silicone resin as a sealant of its light-emitting element, it is intended to prevent discoloration of its lead frame. A light-emitting element fixed to a lead frame is sealed with a sealed portion formed by a silicone resin. An average spin-spin relaxation time of the silicone resin is equal to or smaller than 100 microseconds at 25° C. at a resonance frequency of 25 MHz.

An ink application method is provided. In the method, an ink is discharged to an object by an inkjet method, to apply the ink to the object. The object includes a base material and a gel layer overlying the base material, and the gel layer includes a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer. The ink is an oil-based ink. When a free induction decay curve of the object obtained by a pulse NMR method is separated into two curves respectively derived from a hard component and a soft component, the curve derived from the hard component accounts for 35% to 40% of the free induction decay curve, and the curve derived from the soft component has a spin-spin relaxation time of from 30.0 to 45.0 ms when obtained by a Hahn echo method.

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system and method for determining oil and water composition in drilling mud by separating out signals from oil and water in a two dimensional relaxation space wherein the oil and water ratio is a function of the separated out signals. The spin-lattice relaxation time distribution or a spin-spin relaxation time distribution of the sample is measured and a spin-lattice versus spin-spin or a spin-spin versus diffusion two-dimensional procedure is applied to separate the components of the drilling fluid. The signal intensities from the oil and water regions of the one-dimensional or two-dimensional NMR measurements are used to quantify the relative portion of the proton NMR signal from the oil and water and to determine the ratio of oil and water in the drilling mud.

The application discloses a spherical atom gas chamber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes: 1) providing double-surface-polished silicon based cylindrical wafer; 2) on afirst polishing surface of the silicon based cylindrical wafer, forming a first column hole; 3) bonding a first glass round-shaped wafer to the first polishing surface of the silicon based cylindricalwafer; 4) heating the silicon based cylindrical wafer so that air in the first column hole expands to shape a spherical glass bubble communicated with the first column hole; 5) on a second polishingsurface of the silicon based cylindrical wafer, forming a second column hole communicated with the first column hole to shape the spherical atom gas chamber. The method can effectively increase atom spinning relaxation time and atom utilization efficiency.

To provide a toner, which contains: a colorant; a resin; and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (T2s) originated from a soft component is 0.10 msec to 0.50 msec, where the soft component is obtained with a hard component from an echo signal of the toner by a solid-echo technique of pulsed NMR, and a proportion of a proton intensity of the soft component is 50.0% or lower.