134results about "Measurements using electron paramagnetic resonance" patented technology

A quantum sensing module, a quantum current transformer, and a current measurement method, the quantum sensing module comprising a quantum probe (1), a laser module (2), a microwave module (3), a photoelectric detection module (4), a lock-in amplifier (5), a frequency locking module (6), and a data processing module (7); the quantum probe (1) comprises a diamond sensing unit (11) and a microwave radiator (12); the laser module (2) is configured to output an excitation laser; the microwave module (3) is configured to output a microwave signal; the photoelectric detection module (4) is configured to receive photoluminescence generated by the diamond sensing unit (11) and convert same into an output voltage signal; the lock-in amplifier (5) comprises a modulating unit and a demodulating unit; the frequency locking module (6) comprises a PID control unit and a frequency acquiring unit. The quantum current transformer comprises a quantum sensing module, which is configured to measure a current in a conductor. The current measurement method is applied to the quantum current transformer to obtain current information within the conductor. This improves magnetic detection efficiency and increases current measurement precision.

A sensor element for checking the authenticity of a planar data carrier, in particular a banknote, has a spin resonance feature. The sensor element contains a magnetic core having an air gap, into which the planar data carrier can be inserted for authentication and which defines an axial direction extending between the adjoining surfaces of the magnetic core, a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, a modulation device for generating a time-varying magnetic modulation field in the air gap, and a resonator for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be checked. The modulation device is formed by at least one planar coil arranged in the air gap, which planar coil has one or more turns about the axial direction of the air gap in one plane. The disclosure also relates to a checking device having such a sensor element.

A sensor element for testing a flat-surface data carrier has a spin resonance feature. The sensor element includes a magnetic core with an air gap, into which the flat-surface data carrier can be inserted for testing, a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, and a resonator device for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap. The resonator device contains at least two stripline resonators, which are designed and configured to be operated at different excitation frequencies.

A sensor element is for testing a planar data carrier with a spin resonance feature. The sensor element includes a magnetic core having an air gap into which the planar data carrier can be inserted for testing purposes, a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, and a resonator device for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap. The resonator device has at least two stripline resonators positioned at different positions in the air gap. The polarization device generates an in-homogeneous magnetic flux in the air gap so that the static magnetic flux has a first field strength at the position of a first stripline resonator and a second, different field strength at the position of a second stripline resonator.

In a general aspect, a magnetic resonance system performs magnetic resonance measurements. In some examples, a magnetic resonance system includes a data processing device and a superheterodyne spectrometer system. The data processing device generates digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal information based on the pulse profile. The digital IF signal information is configured to suppress a mirror sideband in the magnetic resonance control signal. The superheterodyne spectrometer generates a magnetic resonance control signal based on the digital IF signal information.

A current sensor for detecting an electrical current in a line (LTG) comprises means for optical excitation and fluorescence analysis of non-magnetic centers (NV) or paramagnetic centers (NV) in isotropic sensor elements (SE1, SE2). Pump radiation (LB) with a specific wavelength and intensity is used to generate fluorescent radiation (FL), the intensity and time delay of which are measured relative to the pump radiation. The current sensor generates a magnetic field through the current flow, which floods the non-magnetic centers (NV) with different magnetic flux densities (B1, B2). The current value (ILTG) is determined from the detected fluorescence intensities and delays. A computing module (CTR) enables the evaluation, storage, transmission, or output of the data.

An inductive assembly is provided that can be used to achieve a large effective volume for excitation and detection and high concentration sensitivity, preferably with low power consumption. [Solution] The present invention relates to an inductive array particularly for use in an oscillator arrangement for generating and / or detecting magnetization of a sample, having a plurality of inductive segments, each of which has an inductive element and a connection circuit electrically connected to the inductive element for electrically connecting to adjacent inductive segments.

In a general aspect, a magnetic resonance system performs a magnetic resonance measurement. In some examples, a magnetic resonance system includes data processing apparatus and a superheterodyne spectrometer system. The data processing apparatus generates digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal information based on a pulse profile. The digital IF signal information is configured to suppress an image sideband in a magnetic resonance control signal. The superheterodyne spectrometer generates the magnetic resonance control signal based on the digital IF signal information.

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein n = 1 or 2, A and A'are independently selected from the group consisting of the following substituents (II-a) and (II-b), R and R 'are independently selected from H and a linear or branched C1-C3 alkyl group, Z is selected from a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl group and an aryl group optionally substituted by a linear or branched C1-C3 alkyl group and / or by a hydroxyl group, and the structural unit of formula (N) is selected from the following structural units (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (III-d) and (III-e) wherein for each structural unit (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (III-d) and (III-e), Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are independently selected from a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl group. .

A method for relaxation time determination includes delivering a series of radio frequency (RF) pulses in a sequence to a specimen having a magnetic resonance spin system. The pulses are separated by equal time intervals and the sequence has a duration comparable or greater than a spin-lattice relaxation time for the spin system. The method includes receiving a response after each RF pulse in the series. The response includes a free induction decay and spin echoes. The method includes generating a series of single point imaging (SPI) images from each response. Each SPI image of the series corresponds to an RF pulse in the series. The method includes converting SPI images to a spin-spin relaxation map and a spin-lattice relaxation map.

A method for time-resolved pump-probe resonance spectroscopy, comprising the steps of:-exposing a sample (4) to a radio frequency pump pulse (20), where the radio frequency pump pulse (20) drives a resonance, where the resonance is electron spin resonance and / or nuclear magnetic resonance, where the sample (4) is located within a magnetic bias field (22); -detecting the sample (4) with an electron detection beam (7) from the electron source (6); detecting a detection beam characteristic of the electron detection beam (7) by means of a detector unit (8), the detection beam characteristic being dependent on a magnetic moment (25) of the sample (4), the magnetic moment (25) being dependent on the driven resonance, the detector unit (8) being configured to detect the detection beam characteristic of the electron detection beam (7) at a temporal resolution for time-resolved detection of the driven resonance; and determining a property of the resonance, in particular a state of the resonance, preferably a change in the state of the resonance, on the basis of the detected probe beam property.

Disclosed is a method for characterising a sample (E), said method comprising magnetically coupling the sample to a microwave resonator (RHS) such that the coupling dominates the relaxation dynamics of an electron spin (SEL) of a paramagnetic centre of the sample, and determining, by nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy, coefficients Cij of coupling between a nuclear spin of the sample, called the probe nuclear spin (SNi), and other nuclear spins (SNj, SNk) of the sample, said method employing indirect detection of a state of said probe nuclear spin (SNi), through counting of microwave photons, of respective noise signals (SBS) produced by the return to equilibrium of said electron spin (SEL). An apparatus for implementing such a method is also disclosed.

An electromedical system (1) for the non-invasive diagnosis of neoplastic diseases comprising an electromagnetic source unit (2), a receiving unit (3), a multi-band and multi-channel antenna (4) and a processing unit (5) provided with a data processing software. The electromagnetic source unit (2) is configured to generate and radiate an electromagnetic pump signal, an electromagnetic probe signal and a test and reference signal. The receiving unit (3) is configured to receive and measure in amplitude and phase the signals generated by the electromagnetic source unit (2) and captured, in use, by the multi-band and multi-channel antenna (4).

A high-frequency magnetic field generating device includes a plate coil and a high-frequency power supply that generates microwave current that flows in the plate coil, wherein one edge line part in a top end side and one edge line part in a bottom end side among four edge line parts of the plate coil act as two coils arranged with a predetermined gap in parallel with each other, wherein between the two coils an electron spin resonance material is arranged or the coils are arranged at one side from an electron spin resonance material. The high-frequency magnetic field generating device further includes a circuit board, wherein the two coils are arranged on one surface of the circuit board so as to be substantially perpendicular to the one surface.

The use of a cell-permeant molecular probe to assay the presence, and monitor the production, of the reactive oxygen species, superoxide, in red blood cells (RBCs) is described. The assay is performed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and a cell-permeant hydroxylamine spin trap. The cell-permeant molecular probe is not detected or quantifiable by EPR in its reduced form. However, upon entering the RBCs, the probe is oxidized by reacting with superoxide to yield a stable nitroxide radical that is detected and quantified using EPR. Our studies indicate that superoxide production is consistent with RBC metabolism that predicts lipid oxidation, membrane injury and poor post-transfusion performance. Therefore, measurement of reactive oxygen species can be used as an indicator of RBC quality at the time of donation and after storage.

A magnetic sensor (10) includes a diamond substrate (11) and a waveguide body (14) in contact with the diamond substrate (11). The diamond substrate (11) includes, on a surface (11a) not in contact with the waveguide body (14), a first layer (11La) including a diamond crystal on which an NV center (12) is disposed and, on a surface (11b) in contact with the waveguide body (14), a second layer (11Lb) on which a conductive pattern (13) is disposed. The waveguide body (14) includes a line (15) configured to transmit a microwave that generates electron spin resonance to the conductive pattern (13) and an optical waveguide (16) configured to transmit exciting light and fluorescence, the exciting light irradiating the diamond substrate (11) and emitting the fluorescence in the first layer (11La) of the diamond substrate (11).

The invention relates to a sensor element (30) for testing a flat data carrier (10), in particular a banknote, that has a spin resonance feature (12). The sensor element contains a magnetic core (34) having an air gap, into which the flat data carrier (10) can be inserted for testing, an element for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, and a resonator (32) for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested. According to the invention, it is provided that the resonator is formed by a stripline resonator (40) which is arranged in the air gap of the magnetic core and comprises a flat carrier (42) having an upper side (44-O) and a conducting structure (46) which is arranged on the upper side (44-O) of the carrier with a characteristic length l.

In a general embodiment, a magnetic resonance system performs magnetic resonance measurements. In some examples, the magnetic resonance system includes a data processing unit and a superheterodyne spectrometer system. The data processing unit generates digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal information based on the pulse profile. The digital IF signal information is configured to suppress image sidebands in the magnetic resonance control signal. The superheterodyne spectrometer generates the magnetic resonance control signal based on the digital IF signal information.

This invention provides a spectroscopic apparatus capable of achieving particularly high measurement accuracy using pulse excitation signals generated by a voltage-controlled oscillator. [Solution] The present invention provides a method for supplying a second magnetic field to a sample position by exciting an induction assembly with an excitation signal, wherein the excitation signal is periodically switched between an excitation period in which the operating frequency has a sample-specific resonant frequency and an idle period in which the operating frequency has an idle frequency different from the resonant frequency, and the operating phase of the excitation signal is matched to the excitation reference phase of an excitation reference signal separately from the excitation signal when the operating frequency is switched from the idle frequency to the resonant frequency, the excitation signal is generated by a primary voltage-controlled oscillator, the excitation reference signal is generated by a first secondary voltage-controlled oscillator, and the matching of the operating phase to the excitation reference phase is performed by injection-synchronizing the primary voltage-controlled oscillator with the first secondary voltage-controlled oscillator.

The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), wherein n = 1 or 2, and A and A' are independently chosen from among the group consisting of the following substituents (ll-a) and (ll-b), R and R' being independently chosen from among H and C1-C3 linear or branched alkyls, Z being chosen from among a C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl group and an aryl group optionally substituted with a C1-C3 linear or branched alkyl group or / and with a hydroxyl group, and the unit of formula (N) is chosen from among the following units (III-a), (III-b), (III-c), (III-d) and (III-e), Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd being, for each unit (lll-a), (lll-b), (lll-c), (lll-d) and (lll-e), independently chosen from among C1-C4 linear or branched alkyls.

In a general aspect, an electron magnetic resonance apparatus includes a resonator that resides in a cryogenic environment in a primary magnetic field. A sample holder in the cryogenic environment is maintained in a spaced relationship with the resonator. The sample holder includes a sample container. A sample heating device is positioned so that the sample container is thermally coupled to the sample heating device, and the sample heating device controls a temperature of the sample to be in a temperature range that is above an operating temperature of the resonator.

A method is provided for increasing a measurand, said measurand being associated with the exposure of probe spins to a sample magnetic field generated by precessing sample spins. The method comprises providing a solid comprising spin systems localized therein, said spin systems providing the probe spins, said probe spins having an average position. The method comprises providing a sample in a sample region, the sample comprising said sample spins, and said sample having a sample average position. The method comprises applying a static magnetic field to the sample region, the static magnetic field having a component being spatially homogeneous in the sample region, said component acting along a first direction, said static magnetic field causing the sample spins to precess. A distance between the sample average position and the average position of the probe spins does not exceed one millimeter, such that the probe spins are exposed to a sample magnetic field generated by the precessing sample spins. The method comprises, while the static magnetic field is being applied to the sample region: applying a pulsed magnetic field to the sample region, the pulsed magnetic field having a component along the first direction, wherein a gradient of said component of the pulsed magnetic field has a component perpendicular to at least one of the first direction and a relative sample position, wherein the relative sample position refers to a vector difference resulting from subtracting the average position of the probe spins from the sample average position. The method further comprises, while the static magnetic field is being applied to the sample region: measuring a measurand that is associated with occupations of quantum mechanical states of the probe spins. Said gradient has a magnitude, said magnitude referring to a time integral of said component of the gradient over a temporal period of the pulsed magnetic field. The method is characterized in that the magnitude is such that the measurand is increased by at least 25% over a reference measurement of the measurand, the reference measurement being performed like said measurement except for the applying of the pulsed magnetic field, wherein the pulsed magnetic field is not applied in the reference measurement.

In a general aspect, a magnetic resonance system is operated. In some examples, an amplifier circuit for a magnetic resonance system includes first and second switch devices, a high-power amplifier (HPA) device, and a power combiner device. The first switch device includes an input port and two output ports. The HPA device includes an HPA input port and an HPA output port. The HPA input port is coupled to a first output port of the first switch device. The second switch device includes input and output ports. The power combiner device includes two input ports and an output port. A first input port of the power combiner device is coupled to the output port of the second switch device. A second input port of the power combiner device is coupled to the second output port of the first switch device along a path that bypasses the HPA device.

Described herein are methods and apparatuses to provide accurate measurement of relatively small magnetic fields under ambient conditions while being worn on an ambulatory subject. These methods and apparatuses may allow accurate and reliable detection of biomagnetic fields from organs such as the brain, heart, and muscles, using a magnetometer, and in particular, using an Acoustically Driven Ferromagnetic Resonance (ADFMR) sensor. These methods and apparatuses may incorporate one or more of: a synthetic gradiometer, flexible and / or thin-film / foil shielding, and / or denoising.

To provide a method of estimating magnetic field strength, which can improve estimation accuracy.SOLUTION: A method of estimating magnetic field strength includes: a fluorescence detection step of detecting fluorescence emitted from a diamond having nitrogen-vacancy centers in a state where an external magnetic field is applied by irradiating the diamond with excitation light and sweeping microwaves; a noise removal step of removing, as noise, a long-periodic component having a value longer than a preset threshold among the detected fluorescence; a fitting step of fitting the fluorescence remaining after the removing of noise; and a magnetic field strength estimation step of estimating strength of the external magnetic field on the basis of the fluorescence after the fitting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

To improve incidence efficiency of a light wave and a microwave to an NV center of a diamond crystal.SOLUTION: A detection unit including a first substrate and a second substrate abutting on the first substrate, irradiates the first substrate with a microwave that generates an electron spin resonance and excitation light. The first substrate comprises a layer including a diamond crystal in which an NV center is arranged. The second substrate comprises: magnetic beads that is arranged on one end of a surface opposed to the first substrate to move in the other end direction by dropping specimen liquid, and to which a secondary antibody is immobilized; and a binding part which is a portion of the surface opposed to the first substrate, and in which a primary antibody that binds to an antigen contained in the specimen liquid binding to the magnetic beads, is arranged.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

A method for relaxation time determination includes delivering a series of radio frequency (RF) pulses in a sequence to a specimen having a magnetic resonance spin system. The pulses are separated by equal time intervals and the sequence has a duration comparable or greater than a spin-lattice relaxation time for the spin system. The method includes receiving a response after each RF pulse in the series. The response includes a free induction decay and spin echoes. The method includes generating a series of single point imaging (SPI) images from each response. Each SPI image of the series corresponds to an RF pulse in the series. The method includes converting SPI images to a spin-spin relaxation map and a spin-lattice relaxation map.

To measure a phase difference between a plurality of physical fields with high sensitivity.SOLUTION: A phase difference measurement device (10) comprises: an electric magnetic wave irradiation part (2) which repeatedly irradiates a quantum sensor element (1) with an electromagnetic wave for operating an electron spin state of the quantum sensor element (1) changing with an interaction with a first physical field or second physical field generated with an AC signal; and a phase difference measurement part (3) which acquires a plurality of electron spin states after the interaction with the first physical field or second physical field, and measures the phase difference between a plurality of physical fields based upon the plurality of acquired electron spin states.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

The present invention measures, with high sensitivity, the phase difference between a plurality of physical fields. A phase difference measurement device (10) comprises: an electromagnetic irradiation unit (2) that repeatedly irradiates a quantum sensor element (1) with electromagnetic waves for manipulating an electron spin state of the quantum sensor element (1) which changes via interaction with a second physical field or a first physical field generated by an AC signal; and a phase difference measurement unit (3) that acquires a plurality of electron spin states after interaction with the second physical field or the first physical field, and measures the phase difference between a plurality of physical fields on the basis of the acquired plurality of electron spin states.

The invention relates to an inductive array (1), in particular for use in an oscillator assembly (2) for generating and / or detecting a magnetization of a sample (3), having a plurality of interconnected inductive segments (5), wherein each of the inductive segments (5) has an inductive element (6) and a connection circuit (7), which is electrically connected to the inductive element (6), for electrically connecting to an adjacent inductive segment (5).