The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an intelligent sewage treatment device. The intelligent sewage treatment device comprises a cleaning module, two input shafts and a sewage collecting bin, wherein the cleaning module comprises a frame and a conveying belt; the sewage collecting bin is mounted on the frame through the input shafts; a power module and an impeller assembly are arranged on the sewage collecting bin; the power module is connected with the input shafts; the input shafts are connected with the conveying belt; and the input shafts are connected with the impeller assembly through a speed change mechanism. When the cleaning module rotates and drives a rotating column to rotate, the rotating column drives a main movable wheel of a driving wheel to move inwards so as to be away from a main fixed wheel, the transmission ratio is increased to reduce the rotating speed of the impeller assembly, thus, the intelligent sewage treatment device can dynamically match advancing and cleaning power of a garbage truck according to resistance generated by floating garbage in front, when the garbage in front is much, the power distributed to advancing by the power module is reduced, the power distributed to cleaning is increased, the cleaning effect is ensured, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.