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510 results about "Soot particles" patented technology

Soot particles are produced in fuel-rich flames, or fuel-rich parts of flames, as a result of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. Soot consists of nearly monodisperse spherical primary particles that collect into mass fractal aggregates having a broad size distribution.

Highly porous mullite particulate filter substrate

A typically monolithic particulate filter including a highly porous block made primarily of intertangled polycrystalline mullite fibers, a set of channels formed through the block, and a set of porous walls separating adjacent channels. Exhaust gas is flowed through the channels and interacts with the walls such that particulate matter carried in the exhaust gas, such as soot particles, is screened out by porous fibrous mullite walls.
Owner:GE02 TECH INC

Process and apparatus for making glass sheet

An apparatus and process for making glass soot sheet and sintered glass sheet. Glass soot particles are deposited on a curved deposition surface of a rotating drum to form a soot sheet. The soot sheet is then released from the deposition surface. The soot sheet can be sintered into a consolidated glass. The soot sheet and the sintered glass can be sufficiently long and flexible to be reeled into a roll.
Owner:CORNING INC +1

Segregated catalyzed metallic wire filter for diesel soot filtration

A filter for removing soot particles from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine comprises a plurality of hollow channels which contain therein a metal mesh. The metal mesh can be coated with an oxidation catalyst to promote ignition of the soot particles and regeneration of the metal mesh for filtering the soot particles. The metal mesh can optionally be removed from the hollow channels and replaced with regenerated or new metal mesh if desired.
Owner:ENGELHARD CORP

Diesel particulate control

A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and / or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.
Owner:CLEAN DIESEL TECHNOLOGIES

Three-dimensional ordered macroporous oxide catalyst for diesel soot purification and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) complex metal oxide catalyst for diesel soot purification and a preparation method thereof. The invention firstly provides an oxidization catalyst for combustion of soot particles discharged by a diesel vehicle, which is a simple metal oxide or complex metal oxide which selects more than one from rare-earth metal, transition metal and alkalinous metal as active components and has the 3DOM structure, wherein the average pore diameter is 50nm-1mum. The utilization of the catalyst with the 3DOM structure is beneficial to the diffusion of soot particles, improves the utilization rate of the active surface area of the catalyst, and greatly decreases the combustion temperature of the soot particles. The invention also provides a preparation method of the catalyst, comprising the step of dipping a colloidal crystal template through an organic complex agent solution that contains the active component of the catalyst, and then roasting to obtain the catalyst.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)

Process for regenerating the catalytic activity of a catalyst that is located in the exhaust gas line of a diesel engine and that has at least one oxidising function

The present invention provides a process for regenerating the catalytic activity of catalysts that have oxidizing functions. A catalyst that is located in the exhaust gas line of a diesel engine that preferably contains a catalytically active coating on a honeycomb carrier that does not have a filter function and that has at least one oxidizing function is regenerated. As a result of time-restricted increases in the exhaust gas temperature upstream of the catalyst to a value greater than 450° C., the combustion of soot particles and hydrocarbons deposited on the catalyst is initiated, and thus, the catalytic activity of the catalyst is at least partly regenerated.
Owner:UMICORE AG & CO KG

Method and apparatus for making fused silica

Disclosed are process and apparatus for making high purity fused silica glass materials. The process involves depositing soot particles onto an essentially planar deposition supporting surface and modulation of motion of the soot-generating device relative to the deposition supporting surface to result in a low local soot density variation. The apparatus is designed to implement the planar deposition process. The invention makes it possible to produce fused silica glass without the use of potentially contaminating refractory bricks.
Owner:CORNING INC

Sensor for detecting particles in a gas stream and method for its manufacture

A soot particle sensor for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a first electrode device and a second electrode device. The electrode devices are situated at a distance from one another and are able to be exposed to the gas stream, at least in some areas. It is provided that the electrode devices are separated from each other by an intermediate layer made of an electrically insulating material, and the electrode devices have free edges that are set apart from each other by the thickness of the intermediate layer and are able to be exposed to the gas stream.
Owner:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

Method and a reactor for electrochemical conversion of a material e.g. soot particles being insoluble in a fluid

A method and a reactor for electrochemical conversion of a material (21) being insoluble in a fluid into a material being soluble in the fluid, which method comprises that a flow of the fluid is passed to a reaction zone which comprises an internal circuit consisting of: one or more working electrodes (12), one or more counter-electrodes (13), and one or more ion-selective electrolytes (11), and which internal circuit is applied with an electrical voltage difference sufficient for the electrochemical processes; and use thereof for removal of soot particles from flue gasses and removal of oil in waste water.
Owner:DINEX AS

Obscuration type soot particle concentration measuring method and device thereof

The invention discloses an obscuration type soot particle concentration measuring device which is used for detecting the smoke particle concentration by a dual-channel measuring technology. Namely, two optical paths and two photoelectric detectors are adopted for carrying out a luminous flux measuring method, so that larger errors of a single-optical-path measuring system, which are caused by environmental factors (for example, temperature and humidity), can be effectively avoided; meanwhile, fire security problems including a delay alarm even a leaked alarm accident and the like of a spot type photoelectric smoke detector can be eliminated. An optical path system structure adopted by the obscuration type soot particle concentration measuring device disclosed by the invention is set up based on an optical spectroscope, a total reflection prism and a reflecting alignment assembly so as to divide the optical path into a reference light source and a main detection light source. Moreover, interference caused by unstable factors of a laser light source, a circuit system and the photoelectric detectors can be effectively eliminated by adopting an alternative-comparison measuring principle, i.e., referring to the time-sharing alternative measurement of the optical paths and the measured main detecting optical path.
Owner:HEFEI UNIV OF TECH

Sensor for detecting particles

A sensor for detecting particles in a gas flow, in particular soot particles in an exhaust gas flow, includes at least two measuring electrodes, which are positioned on a substrate made of an insulating material. To protect the measuring electrodes, they are covered by a protective layer.
Owner:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

Method and device for operating a particle sensor

A method for operating a particle sensor (10). The particle sensor (10) has at least two inter-digital electrodes (12, 13) which engage one in the other and to which a sensor voltage U(IDE) (21) is applied in order to determine loading of the particle sensor (10) with soot particles (16). A sensor current I(IDE) (31) across the electrodes (12, 13) is measured and evaluated. In order to remove the loading with soot, a heating element (14) heats the particle sensor (10) in a regeneration phase. The method characterized in that the sensor current I(IDE) (31) is determined, and a shunt diagnosis of the particle sensor (10) is carried out in accordance with the measured sensor current I(IDE) (31).
Owner:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

Using compressed intake air to clean engine exhaust gas recirculation cooler

Systems and methods for using compressed intake air that is free of soot particles to clean the EGR cooler of an internal combustion engine having a turbocharger are provided herein. One example system includes an EGR valve for selectively diverting a portion of exhaust gas through an EGR conduit to an intake side of the internal combustion engine, an EGR cooler disposed in the EGR conduit, the EGR cooler having an exhaust side and an intake side, and a compressed intake air delivery system including a compressed air conduit, the compressed intake air delivery system being configured to selectively divert a portion of compressed intake air compressed by the turbocharger through the EGR cooler to remove soot particles deposited in the EGR cooler.
Owner:FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC

Filter device in particular for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine

Cross-sectional geometries of filter elements for soot particle filters are described, allowing uniform loading of the filter element with soot. Starting with hexagonal cell shapes, other polygonal shapes are arranged around them. All the cross-sectional geometries have in common the fact that the cross-sectional area of all inlet channels is larger than the cross-sectional area of all outlet channels.
Owner:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

Space efficient hybrid collector

A compact, hybrid particulate and gas collector that can be used in a vehicle emissions control system, gas turbine, or in any other application where space and lower cost is important or in applications where sub-micron and nano-particulate filtering is needed. A gas flow enters the device in a first chamber and can be immediately exposed to a high-tension corona discharge electric field which typically results in a strong ionic flow by charging and collecting the incoming effluent (oil mist, soot particles, etc.). Subsequently, the charged flow enters a second zone of high-tension uniform electric field that causes the remaining charged particles to migrate to one of the charged electrodes. One of the electrodes can be made of porous filter material that allows the cleaned gas to flow into an exit zone also containing a high-tension uniform electric field where the remaining effluent can be collected prior to the clean gas exiting either to ambient air or being re-circulated to be used again by the engine. In some embodiments a dielectric barrier discharge surface can be provided to convert harmful compounds to more desirable substances. Alternate embodiments can include a third zone containing a second substantially uniform electric field as well as coating the porous surface with a catalyst to convert undesirable compounds. Any cross-section may be used.
Owner:KRIGMONT HENRY V

Space efficient hybrid air purifier

A compact, hybrid particulate and gas collector that can be used in an ultra-clean air purification, vehicle emissions control system, gas turbine, or in any other application where space and lower cost is important or in applications where sub-micron and nano-particulate filtering is needed such as in clean rooms and surgical suites. A gas flow enters the device in a first chamber and can be immediately exposed to a high-tension corona discharge electric field which typically results in a strong ionic flow by charging and collecting the incoming effluent (oil mist, soot particles, etc.). Subsequently, the charged flow enters a second zone of high-tension uniform electric field that causes the remaining charged particles to migrate to one of the charged electrodes. One of the electrodes can be made of porous filter material that allows the cleaned gas to flow into an exit zone also containing a high-tension uniform electric field where the remaining effluent can be collected prior to the ultra-clean gas exiting either to ambient air or being re-circulated to be used again by the engine. In some embodiments a dielectric barrier discharge surface can be provided to convert harmful compounds to more desirable substances. Alternate embodiments can include a third zone containing a second substantially uniform electric field as well as coating the porous surface with a catalyst to convert undesirable compounds. Any cross-section of the device may be used. Further treatment of the dust free flow with ultraviolet light, an x-ray or a radiation can be used to kill micro-organisms.
Owner:KRIGMONT HENRY

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous gold-loaded catalyst with composite oxide as carrier and for catalytic combustion

The invention relates to a macroporous noble metal-loaded catalyst with metal oxide as a carrier and for purifying soot exhausted by diesel and a preparation method thereof. The invention firstly provides an oxidation catalyst for combustion of soot particles exhausted by diesel vehicles. The catalyst is obtained by taking the simple metal oxide or composite metal oxide which contains more than one of rare earth metals, transition metals and alkaline metals and has three-dimensionally ordered macroporous structure as a carrier and loading the noble metal active ingredient, wherein the simple metal oxide is any one of metallic elements; the composite metal oxide is perovskite or perovskite-like composite metal oxide; the noble metal active ingredient is gold; and the mean size of the macropores in the carrier is 50nm-1mu m. The catalyst conduces to diffusion of the soot particles in the pore canal, improves the use ratio of the active surface area and greatly reduces the combustion temperature of the soot particles. The invention also provides the preparation method of the catalyst.
Owner:BC P INC CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP +1

Soot Sensor

A soot sensor for the detection of soot particles in an exhaust gas flow, having interdigitally engaged measurement electrodes applied on a substrate. An electrical resistance between the measurement electrodes is a measure of soot load of the exhaust gas flow. The measurement electrodes are divided into two regions, a first region in which no soot particles can be deposited and a second region where soot particles are deposited from the exhaust gas flow. The first region and the second region are exposed simultaneously to the other conditions prevailing in the exhaust gas flow.
Owner:CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH

Particle filter having a catalytically active coating to accelerate burning off accumulated soot particles during a regeneration phase

The present invention is directed to a particle filter to remove soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. The particle filter contains a catalytically active coating on a filter body to accelerate bum-off during a regeneration phase of the soot particles collected on the filter. The particle filter comprises a catalytic coating containing compounds of barium, compounds of magnesium, and at least one element of the platinum group metals. The invention is further directed to a process for accelerated combustion of soot particles collected on the filter from lean exhaust gas of a diesel engine in which the soot particles have a soot ignition temperature and the particle filter is actively regenerated from time to time by raising the temperature of the particle filter above the soot ignition temperature and burning off the soot particles.
Owner:UMICORE AG & CO KG

Turbo charged diesel-type piston engine and method for controlling such an engine

A piston engine and a method for controlling a diesel-type piston engine including at least one combustion chamber formed by a cylinder, a movably arranged piston in each cylinder, which piston is connected to a crankshaft, an injection device designed to inject fuel directly into the combustion chamber and turbo system comprising a low pressure turbo and a high pressure turbo. The thermal efficiency of the internal combustion is increased while requirements relating to nitrogen oxide and soot particle emissions continue to be maintained.
Owner:VOLVO LASTVAGNAR AB

Diesel Particulate Control

A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and / or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.
Owner:CLEAN DIESEL TECHNOLOGIES

Resistive Particle Sensors Having Measuring Electrodes

A sensor for determining the concentration of particles in gases, in particular of soot particles, has at least one substrate element, and a measuring area between at least one first and one second measuring electrode, the two measuring electrodes being configured so that by applying a voltage between the measuring electrodes, an asymmetric electric field is formed on the measuring area. The sides of the first and second measuring electrodes, facing one another, may not be parallel to one another, for example. Furthermore, at least one measuring electrode may have a structure along the side facing the other measuring electrode or along the finger electrodes.
Owner:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

Composite rear earth pyrochlore-type oxide catalyst for catalyzing burning for removing soot of diesel vehicle and preparation method thereof

The invention provides a composite rear earth pyrochlore-type oxide catalyst for catalyzing burning for removing soot of a diesel vehicle and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of a tail gas cleaning catalyst of the diesel vehicle. The expression formula of the composite metal oxide is A2B2-xMxO7, wherein A is La, B is Sn, M is Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu. The invention adopts a coprecipitation method to prepare the catalyst, the preparation process is simple, and the cost is low. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing metal nitrate and tin tetrachloride solution; adjusting the pH value by ammonia solution; drying the obtained deposit; and roasting the deposit at the high temperature to obtain the composite rear earth pyrochlore-type oxide catalyst. Under the effect of the catalyst, a simulation diesel vehicle exhausts, the burning temperature of the soot particles is lowered to the exhaust range of the diesel vehicle, and the speed of the soot oxidation rate is improved. The catalyst is a useful catalyst for removing the pollution of soot particles of the diesel vehicle.
Owner:UNIV OF JINAN

Supported silver catalyst for reducing soot particle burning temperature and preparation method

The invention discloses a supported silver catalyst for reducing soot particle burning temperature and a preparation method, relating to catalysts. The catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier, wherein the active component is silver; the carrier is cerium dioxide or cerium-based composite oxide; the supported amount of silver is 1-20% of the weight of the carrier; and the cerium-based composite oxide has the general formula of Ce1-xMxOy, and M is rare-earth metal. The carrier is prepared by adding a surfactant as a template into a cerium-based solution through a hydrothermal precipitation method. The catalyst is prepared by introducing a complexing auxiliary agent into a water-based silver nitrate solution, evaporating to dryness and baking. The prepared catalyst has excellent oxidative activity in the process of soot burning, is capable of reducing the temperature of soot T50 from 642 DEG C to about 400 DEG C to reach the operating temperature range of a diesel engine, and reaches and exceeds various types of reported soot particle burning catalysts under the same evaluation conditions.
Owner:XIAMEN UNIV

Highly porous mullite particulate filter substrate

A typically monolithic particulate filter including a highly porous block made primarily of intertangled polycrystalline mullite fibers, a set of channels formed through the block, and a set of porous walls separating adjacent channels. Exhaust gas is flowed through the channels and interacts with the walls such that particulate matter carried in the exhaust gas, such as soot particles, is screened out by porous fibrous mullite walls.
Owner:GE02 TECH INC

Method and apparatus for regenerating a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF) via active no2-based regeneration with enhanced effective no2 supply

In a method for regenerating s catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF) via active NO2-based regeneration with enhanced effective NO2 supply, a NOx containing gas is introduced into the DPF, and a temperature of at least one of the DPF, the NOx containing gas, and soot in the DPF is controlled while control Sing NOx levels at an inlet of the DflF so that the NOx containing gas reacts with the catalyst to form N 02 molecules that thereafter react with soot particles to form CO, CO2, and NO molecules and a N02 efficiency is greater than 0.52 gC / gNO2 and so that less than two thirds of the soot mass that is removed from the DPF is oxidized by 02 molecules in the gas to form CO and CO2 molecules.
Owner:VOLVO LASTVAGNAR AB

Macroporous-mesoporous cerium-zirconium solid solution silver-loaded catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

The invention relates to a macroporous-mesoporous cerium-zirconium solid solution silver-loaded catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst carrier is a cerium-zirconium solid solution, the chemical composition is Ce0.8Zr0.2O2, active components are elementary-substance silver nanoparticles, and the weight of the active components is 0.01-5% of the weight of the Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 carrier; perferably, the elementary-substance silver nanoparticles are formed by roasting silver nitrate. The macroporous-mesoporous cerium-zirconium solid solution silver-loaded catalyst provided by the invention has very high activity when applied to the catalytic combustion of the soot particles discharged by a diesel vehicle, and the catalyst cost is greatly reduced; moreover, the catalyst preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy to implement and suitable for large-scale industrial production. The implementation of the invention is of very important fundamental research significance and practical environmental protection significance in control on the tail gas of the diesel vehicle.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)

Catalytic filter for removing soot particulates from diesel engine exhaust and method of preparing the same

Disclosed is a catalytic filter for removing soot particulates from diesel engine exhaust, which is comprised of monolithic oxidation catalyst upstream of the catalytic filter, which effectively oxidize gaseous pollutants and volatile organic fractions, and a catalyzed wall-flow filter downstream serving to low temperature combustion of soot particulates collected on the filter. Also, the preparation method of the catalytic filter is provided, including the colloidal mixture solution of platinum group metal salts and other metal salts with a water-soluble polymer and a reducing agent, which is then impregnated on a catalyst support, followed by calcining at high temperatures. In the present invention, use of the catalytic filter provides effective means of abating diesel exhaust pollutant emissions, that is, particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants (HC, CO, NOx).
Owner:SK ENERGY CO LTD (KR)
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