439 results about "Measuring principle" patented technology

The invention discloses a distance measuring method applying a binocular visual parallax error distance-measuring principle. By means of adopting different base length to adapt to requirements on measurement accuracy of different distance measuring ranges, the distance measuring method is applicable to precise size measurement for short distance and small parts. On the basis of a conventional binocular measuring method, a pair of cameras which are provided with parallel optical axes and positioned side by side are adopted to make two random to-be-measured visualized points in two images into a plane vertical to the two optical axes, depth values of the two to-be-measured points are obtained via a inversely proportional relationship between binocular visual parallax error and depth, distances from the two to-be-measured points to an optic center and angles among the two to-be-measured points and an optical center connection line can be determined according to the depth value of the to-be-measured points and focal length of the cameras, and then the actual distance between the two points can be determined via the cosine law. Compared with conventional methods, the distance measuring method applying the binocular visual parallax error distance-measuring principle has the advantages of simplicity in operation, strong practicability, high precision and easiness in popularization and use.

The invention discloses a control method of a manipulator grabbing control system based on binocular stereoscopic vision. The control method comprises the following steps: camera parameters are calibrated, and a teaching manipulator is used for realizing conversion of a camera coordinate system and a manipulator coordinate system; line laser performs an arc surface scanning cloud motion, and a camera acquires images; laser lines of the images shot by the camera are respectively extracted; the positions of the laser lines are precisely determined by using a sub pixel algorithm; the homonymy point matching is performed for the laser lines extracted in the images; three-dimensional space coordinates of all points on the laser lines are calculated through a triangular measuring principle to finish scanning of workpieces in a scene so as to obtain point cloud data in the viewing field of the camera; a workpiece point cloud template is built, a manipulator grabbing point position is selected, and the obtained point cloud data is matched with the workpiece point cloud template to calculate a conversion relation of the two; the manipulator grabbing point position in the point cloud template is converted to a present coordinate, is converted to a coordinate under the manipulator coordinate system, and is transferred to the manipulator; and the manipulator finishes actuation actions.

The invention discloses a non-contact dynamic measuring device for a wheel diameter based on laser and a method thereof. The measuring device consists of a laser displacement sensor, a wheel positioning sensor or two laser displacement sensors; the two sensors are arranged along the direction of a steel rail. When the two laser displacement sensors are applied, light spots of irradiation laser can directly irradiate onto two opposite surfaces of the measured wheel; the two laser displacement sensors respectively and continuously measure the distance between each sensor and corresponding point on a tread of the wheel; the reading data of distance in each laser displacement sensor is recorded when the sum of the distance measured by the two laser displacement sensors is basically unchanged, to calculate the diameter of the train wheel. The invention requires two sensors at most, and measurement principle is simple and practical.

The invention discloses a method for the geometric transformation calibration and the curved surface interpolation modification of a laser line scanning probe, and a device; the noncontact measurement technology is adopted to be used for the accurate calibration and further modification of the probe of a laser line scanning three-dimensional profile measuring system; the method carries out calculation on the basis of the basic measuring principle of a probe system and completely eliminates calibration theory errors brought by the traditional calibration method (such as a polyfit calculation method, etc.). In the detailed parameter calculating process, the statistical analysis technologies of curve analysis and least squares, etc., are adopted by the algorithm; therefore, the requirement of multiscale calibration caused by the related factors of lens distortion, probe assembly and adjustment error, etc. to different calibration areas is fully considered on the basis that the basic principle is fully met, thus leading the probe to have excellent stability and operability.

A three-dimensional (3-D) shape measurement method using a Moire measurement principle and a Stereo vision measurement principle is provided. The method comprises; a first step to detect candidate points and 3D positions of the candidate points in world coordinates which are identical results from typical Moiré technique by using a pattern projector, which adjusts a pitch of a fringe pattern and projects the fringe pattern to a measurement object, and a first camera, which detects a modulated fringe pattern caused by shape of shape of the object, by means of obtaining candidate points by comparing a reference fringe pattern to the modulated fringe pattern and calculating 3D positions at an arbitrary point on an image captured from the first camera; a second step to determine a final matching point among the candidate points detected from the first step by using the Stereo vision technique with the first and the second cameras, by means of projecting the 3D positions of the candidate points to an image plane of the second camera based on a camera matrix of the second camera, comparing intensity value of a projected point in the image plane of the second camera to intensity value of given point in the image plane of the first camera, and judging whether the candidate point is matched with an arbitrary point by using the stereo vision criteria; and a third step to measure the depth value of the arbitrary point by using the resultant value of the final matching point, which was determined at the second step. Therefore, the error of 2π ambiguity of the typical Moire principle is eliminated, and thus 3-D shape information can be more rapidly and accurately measured.

An antenna deformation measuring method comprises firstly adhering circular mark points and circular ring mark points which are transversely and longitudinally arranged in equidistance on the surface of an antenna as measuring mark points, respectively taking images of the surface of the antenna which is adhered with the mark points before and after the antenna deforms, realizing the homonymy point matching through the arrangement relationship of the circular mark points and the circular ring mark points, recurring the three-dimensional coordinates of the mark points on the antenna before and after deforming according to the principles of photography measurement, finally putting the three-dimensional coordinates before and after the antenna deforms in the same coordinate system by using coding mark points on a staff gauge as a fixed reference point for the coordinate conversion, thereby calculating the antenna deformation. The measuring method has the characteristics of reliability, flexibility and high precision, can be used for the deformation measurement of the antenna under complicated conditions such as high-low temperature and the like, also can be used for the appearance measurement of the antenna, and has measurement precision superior to 13 mu m.

The invention relates to an online detecting method and device for air leakage quantity of a vacuum system of a turbo generator unit. The device and method can be used for measuring the amount of the air leaked from a condenser which is vacuumized by using a water-ring vacuum pump, on line. The method comprises the following specific steps of: additionally arranging a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a gas flow rate sensor and an absolute humidity sensor behind the water-ring vacuum pump, determining the mass flow of the water vapor in a pump-out pipeline in certain particular working condition through parameters measured by the sensors, and calculating to obtain the mass flow of the pumped-out air by using a thermodynamic formula, wherein the mass flow of the pumped-out air is the sum of air leak-in rates of all negative pressure parts of the whole vacuum system. The invention has the advantages of clear and accurate measuring principle, simple measuring mechanism, convenience for installation and capabilities of measuring air leakage amount of the condenser on line and providing a reliable parameter basis for the vacuum system of the turbo generator unit to maintain a higher vacuum level and a guarantee for the safe and economic production of a power plant.

The invention discloses a method for the calibration of vectorial coordinate transformation and the modification of errors of a digital image probe, and a device thereof; the noncontact optical measurement principle is adopted to realize the precise calibration and accurate modification of errors of the image probe in high-accurate two-dimensional measurement and ensure an accurate measurement result. The method of calibration is realized completely on the basis of the measuring principle of the image probe, without the existence of the errors of calibration principle. The process of calibration is based on the self-calibration principle, a virtual calibration point is formed by fixing a target object and moving the probe, then the calibration operation is fulfilled by constructing a vector, therefore, the operability of equipment is improved; by calculating the position of the image optical centre of an probe image sensor to be taken as the calibration origin, a new measurement error caused by the offset of a coordinate system is avoided to be introduced after the multiplying power of the probe is adjusted, the requirements of measurement in different application situations are ensured, and as the probe self-calibration technology is adopted, the calibration of the probe is ensured to have very high accuracy; the error self-modification is realized by moving a precise three-dimensional moving mechanical device to extract error meshes.

The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring solid interface contacted heat transfer coefficient based on a transient method. The method comprises the following steps: a lever loading device 2 is connected with a pressure turning joint 4, a centering ball 11, a low temperature sample connecting rod 6 and a low temperature sample 14 in turn from the top to the bottom; a positioning block bears pressure in advance; and a thread transmission shaft 20 pushes a high temperature sample 15 out of a heating furnace through a high temperature sample supporting rod 17, contacts and jacks up the low temperature sample 14 to transfer the pressure to the contact surface. A temperature control thermocouple 13 of the heating furnace is connected with a program control meter, the output end of the program control meter is connected in parallel and then is connected with an industrial computer 26 through an RS232 converter, a temperature detecting thermocouple 16 is connected with a preposition multi-path gate amplifier 23 and an A/D converter plate 25 in turn to acquire and process temperature signals of measured points in real time as well as compile a FORTRAN calculation module by applying a counter heat transfer arithmetic. The method has the advantages of high measuring temperature, quick acquisition and practical measuring principle, and is suitable for the research field of solid thermal processing.

The invention discloses a space-based phased-array radar space multi-target orbit determination method, which mainly solves the problems that the space weak target cannot be evaluated effectively and the target orbit determination precision is low in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps of: processing target echo data by a zero-setting conformal algorithm, acquiring distance prior information by utilizing a distance pulse compression principle, and segmentally processing echo signals according to the distance prior information; segmenting the echo signals according to the number of the targets, wherein each segment of data is a target signal and an adjacent unit signal; performing multi-target two-dimensional angle evaluation on each segment of data by utilizing a sum-difference multi-beam angle-measuring principle; performing coordinate conversion based on a space target tracking result and detection satellite orbit information; and performing orbit determination on different space targets by a Laplace type iterative algorithm, and improving the orbit determination precision by a least square algorithm. According to the method, the influence of strong signals on weak targets can be reduced and the parameters of the weak targets can be evaluated accurately. The method can be applied in the actual application fields of space situation awareness, orbit resource management and the like.

A system for providing different versions of a modularly structured apparatus for determining a physical process quantity, wherein at least two devices to be generated from the system are based on different measuring principles, including a number sensor units (41-48), each sensor unit being designed for detecting a determined physical measuring quantity and for converting said measuring quantity into an electrical measuring signal, wherein at least two of the sensor units are distinguished from each other by their underlying measuring principles; at least one evaluation unit (10), adapted to connect to the sensor units, for evaluating and generating a process quantity signal representing the physical process quantity from the measuring signal of a sensor unit; at least one output unit (13) for outputting the process quantity signal; at least one voltage supply unit (16); and at least one housing unit (22-24) configured to accommodate at least the evaluation unit.

The invention discloses a measuring apparatus for capability of explosive explosion in driving of metal. The measuring apparatus is mainly composed of an explosion chamber, a metal flyer plate, velocity measurement targets, velocity measurement target supports, etc. The measuring apparatus is designed on the basis of velocity measuring principles; the explosion chamber composed of a charging sleeve and an explosion protection body is filled with a to-be-measured explosive column, the metal flyer plate is adhered on the end surface of the explosive column aligned with the charging sleeve and the explosion protection body, the explosive is fired from the other end surface of the explosive column so as to accelerate motion of the metal flyer plate, a time interval recorder is employed to acquire time when the metal flyer plate generates pulse current when passing through the velocity measurement targets at different distances, the relation curve of the distance and time of motion of the metal flyer plate is acquired through data processing, and first derivation is carried out on the curve so as to obtain the speed of the metal flyer plate at different times or distances so as to measure capacity of explosive explosion in accelerating metal.

The invention discloses a total-station spatial measuring and positioning method based on optoelectronic scanning and ultrasound distance measurement and belongs to the technical field of big-size three-dimensional coordinate measurement in the industrial scene. The method comprises the following steps that a lunching base station and a receiver are built; the position of an ultrasound lunching module on the lunching base station is calibrated; the positions of a first ultrasound receiving module and a second ultrasound receiving module on the receiver are calibrated; the horizontal angle alpha and the pitch angle beta of a photodiode are measured with a photoelectric scanning method; through an ultrasound distance measurement method, the distance between the first ultrasound receiving module and the ultrasound lunching module and the distance between the second ultrasound receiving module and the ultrasound lunching module are measured; and the space coordinate of the photodiode is calculated. According to the total-station spatial measuring and positioning method based on optoelectronic scanning and ultrasound distance measurement, the total-station spatial measuring and positioning is realized only by a single lunching base station under certain specific working environment, the measurement principle is simple, and various requirements in the practical application are satisfied.

The invention protects a monocular vision three-dimensional environment reconstruction method based on Harris-SIFT-BRIEF algorithms; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, calibrating a camera, and solving camera internal and external parameters; then, obtaining video data, using a program to process the data, and thus obtaining an image sequence; combining the Harris algorithm, the SIFT algorithm, and the BRIEF algorithm to extract image characteristic points, and using an optical flow method to match the extracted characteristic points; then, aiming at the obtained plurality of matched point pair sets, combining the calibrated internal and external parameters, using a triangle measuring principle to calculate three dimensional coordinates, obtaining reconstruction scales according to the camera height from the ground or other sensors, thus reconstructing environment three dimensional information, and using a global bundle adjustment and local bundle adjustment combined method to optimize the information; finally, sending reconstruction three dimensional point cloud barrier information to a decision system, and allowing the decision system to decide the steering wheel to turn and control the accelerator. The method can effectively extract image information, thus providing more accurate matching results.

The invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering and particularly relates to a fault distance measuring method for a non-parallel-state uplink and downlink traction network where partitions are located in a high-speed rail power supply traction network. The method is used for judging fault types and directions in the state and accurately positioning fault points. According to the method, an uplink and downlink current ratio is defined, fault distance determining is performed according to the uplink and downlink current ratio fault distance measuring principle and the reactance method, and therefore the problem that distance measuring of the non-parallel-state uplink and downlink traction network where the partitions are located cannot be performed by an existing fault distance measuring system is solved. Meanwhile, uplink and downlink faults and the fault types cannot be accurately judged, correct fault distances are given out, the fault points can be fast found out, and fast power supply restoration of the high-speed rail power supply traction network can be guaranteed.

A method and system for determining free spaces in the vicinity of a motor vehicle, in particular a vicinity relevant to the vehicle operation, is provided. A method and system for determining an evasion trajectory for a driver assistance system of the motor vehicle is provided in which information from at least one object detection sensor of the motor vehicle about at least one detected object is used while taking the characteristics of the physical measuring principle of the at least one object detection sensor into account. A method and system is provided in which it is taken into account that the at least one object detection sensor has the capability of directly detecting a plurality of objects by a single measurement.

The invention relates to an optical fiber type laser liquid turbidity measuring device and measuring method. The measuring device comprises a laser, an optical fiber, an optical fiber circulator, an optical fiber collimator, a photoelectric detector and a signal demodulating and processing system. In a measuring system, a full-optical fiber structure of the optical fiber circulator and the optical fiber collimator is adopted, and on the basis of a back scattering light measuring principle, namely, a monotonous relation between the liquid turbidity and the increasing of the scattering light intensity, the accurate on-line measurement for the liquid turbidity under the conditions of long distance and narrow space and other complex conditions is realized. The optical fiber type laser liquid turbidity measuring device has a simple structure, is easy to realize and is high in stability and sensitivity; the practicability and safety of a liquid turbidity measuring system are effectively increased; and a technical support is supplied to the long-term on-line water quality monitoring.

The invention discloses a method for detecting the geometric accuracy of a numerically-controlled machine tool based on multi-channel laser time-sharing measurement. The same 3D space feed motion of the machine tool is successively measured by a laser tracker in different base point positions, and all errors of the machine tool can be separated out by the processing of measured data. The measuring process only involves the displacement measurement, so that the measurement accuracy is high. Moreover, compared with the traditional multi-station measurement principle, the system hardware cost is greatly reduced due to the adoption of the time-sharing measurement principle, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved as all the errors of the machine tool can be separated out by only one-time measurement. The method has the advantages of fastness, high accuracy and the like, and is suitable for detecting the accuracy of medium and high-grade numerically-controlled machine tools.

The invention discloses a method for indirectly measuring the pretightening force of matched bearings and a measuring apparatus and relates to the technical field of bearing measuring. The invention adopts an indirect measuring principle, applies continuously increased coaxial loads on the matched bearings to be measured through stepless loading, monitors the load exerted on the matched bearings to be measured through a pressure sensor and then judges whether an inner ring and an inner isolating sleeve of the matched bearings are contacted or not through a displacement sensor. The measuring apparatus consists of the displacement sensor (1), an upper locating seat(2), an outer isolating sleeve (4), the inner isolating sleeve (5), a locating mandrel (6), an air main shaft (7), a loading cylinder (8), a pressure regulating valve(9), the pressure sensor (10), a pedestal (11), a pedestal top plate (12) and an electrical system. The adoption of the measuring method and the measuring apparatus solves the measuring difficulty on the pretightening force of the matched bearings, provides reliable detecting and analyzing data for the assembly and use of the bearings and improves the assembly parameters and technique of the bearing components according to the data and improves the overall performances of the bearing components.

A method and a device for measuring the flow rate of flowing, in particular liquid media using the Coriolis measurement principle, in which a measuring tube flowed through by the medium can be set vibrating and the deflection of the measuring tube is measured at at least two different measuring points via sensors and the flow rate can be determined from the amplitude and further vibration parameters with the aid of an electric evaluation unit. In this case, a further sensor is arranged at the site of vibration generation and the two other sensors are placed at sites which are arranged symmetrically with regard to their distance, referred to the tube section of the measuring tube, from the site of vibration generation. The evaluation unit contains logic means which, in the event of failure of one of the sensors, on the one hand report this, and on the other hand simulate the defective sensor in terms of evaluation by interpolation until the defective sensor is replaced.

The invention discloses a visual guidance method applicable to an automobile door automatic assembling process. The method comprises the steps that positioning points on automobile bodies and automobile doors are selected according to different automobile type characteristics, and standard data of coordinates of the positioning points in the automobile door assembling process are recorded at first; in the practical process of guiding a robot for assembling the automobile doors, structural light images of the corresponding positioning points on the to-be-assembled automobile bodies and automobile doors are shot through a visual sensor, positioning point coordinate calculation of practical automobile body and automobile door positions is carried out according to the structural light three-dimensional measuring principle, robot track correction is carried out by comparing the standard data, and the automobile door guide assembling process is completed. By means of the method, automobile door assembling errors are reduced, the accurate and intelligent robot assembling process is achieved, and the gap uniformity precision of +/-0.3mm can be achieved.

The invention discloses a two-dimensional reflection type supersonic wave wind speed anemoscope and a measuring method. The wind speed anemoscope comprises a control unit, a data processing unit, a wind speed and wind direction measuring unit, a direction calibration unit, a temperature compensation unit and an air pressure compensation unit. The wind speed and wind direction measuring unit is composed of a supersonic wave emitter, a supersonic wave receiver and a timer module; the direction calibration unit is composed of a digital compass and a magnetosensitive diode; the temperature compensation unit is composed of a temperature detection module and a heating module; and the air pressure compensation unit is composed of an air pressure sensor and a data acquisition module. According to the invention, one integrated ultrasonic sensor is employed for emission, one of echo signals is received, four receiving sensors receive and reflect the echo signals, the five sensors are arranged on the same horizontal plane, a wind speed and a wind direction can be calculated simply by use of a time difference between emission and receiving once, the measuring principle is simple, the measuring precision is improved, the service life of the instrument is prolonged, and the anemoscope and the method are suitable for various severe measuring environments.

The invention provides a measurement method of a structured-light panoramic measurement system. In the measurement method of the structured-light panoramic measurement system, two hyperbolic mirrors, which are a first hyperbolic mirror and a second hyperbolic mirror, are used to form a camera panorama subsystem and a projector panorama subsystem with a camera and a projector so as to form the structured-light panoramic measurement system. Because nonlinearity of the hyperbolic mirrors can cause precision losses so that a requirement to hardware is high, a frequency-conversion annular stripe template image and a constant-frequency umbrella stripe template image are designed to reduce the requirement to the hardware so as to guarantee high precision. And then a camera panorama subsystem imaging model and a projector panorama subsystem imaging model are established, and a phase-shift-method structured light measuring principle is combined to measure a three-dimensional coordinate of an object to be measured so that panorama measurement can be realized through a simple operation under the condition that the high precision is guaranteed.