95results about How to "Improve internal efficiency" patented technology

A method of growing an AlGaN semiconductor material utilizes an excess of Ga above the stoichiometric amount typically used. The excess Ga results in the formation of band structure potential fluctuations that improve the efficiency of radiative recombination and increase light generation of optoelectronic devices, in particular ultraviolet light emitting diodes, made using the method. Several improvements in UV LED design and performance are also provided for use together with the excess Ga growth method. Devices made with the method can be used for water purification, surface sterilization, communications, and data storage and retrieval.

The present invention discloses an electrolyzer for electrolyzing water into a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The electrolyzer is adapted to deliver this gaseous mixture to the fuel system of an internal combustion engine. The electrolyzer of the present invention comprises one or more supplemental electrode at least partially immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution interposed between two principle electrodes. The gaseous mixture is generated by applying an electrical potential between the two principal electrodes. The electrolyzer further includes a gas reservoir region for collecting the generated gaseous mixture. The present invention further discloses a method of utilizing the electrolyzer in conjunction with the fuel system of an internal combustion engine to improve the efficiency of said internal combustion engine.

A method of operating an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders including at least a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the method comprising firing the first cylinder and the second cylinder in an alternating sequence; during a first mode, adjusting an operating parameter of the engine to produce a first difference between an amount of torque produced by the firing of the first cylinder and an amount of torque produced by the firing of the second cylinder; during a second mode, adjusting the operating parameter of the engine to produce a second difference between an amount of torque produced by the firing of the first cylinder and an amount of torque produced by the firing of the second cylinder; and performing the first mode at a higher engine speed than the second mode; wherein the first difference is greater than the second difference.

In a method for operating a spark-ignition, direct-injection internal combustion engine, wherein fuel is injected into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine and is ignited by a spark plug as a function of at least the load of the internal combustion engine, a crank angle is determined at which a first amount of fuel is injected into the cylinder during the intake stroke whereby a lean mixture is formed in the cylinder, subsequently, as a function of at least the load of the internal combustion engine, a crank angle is determined at which a second amount of fuel is injected, whereby a mixture cloud, which is richer than the lean mixture is formed in the lean mixture and a third amount of fuel is injected in the form of a stratified injection for forming a locally enriched and ignitable fuel/air mixture in the region of the spark plug close to an ignition time which is then ignited by the spark plug causing also combustion of the mixture cloud and the lean mixture.

A cache memory comprises a cache controller and a nonvolatile semiconductor memory as a storage medium. The nonvolatile semiconductor memory comprises multiple blocks, which are data erase units, and each block comprises multiple pages, which are data write and read units. The cache controller receives data and attribute information of the data, and, based on the received attribute information and attribute information of the data stored in the multiple blocks, selects a storage-destination block for storing the received data, and writes the received data to a page inside the selected storage-destination block.

A secondary fuel premixing controller for introducing a secondary fuel into an air intake manifold of a primary fuel combustion engine. The controller includes a hollow housing having an air inlet, a main controller body, and an air/secondary fuel mixing outlet connected together in central alignment one to another. The air inlet introduces incoming air into the controller while the air/fuel mixing outlet discharges a blended mixture of secondary fuel and air into an air intake manifold of the running engine. The main controller body includes a secondary fuel manifold positioned centrally within an interior of the controller which supports for axial movement an air pressure valve positioned proximate to the air inlet and a secondary fuel/air blender connected thereto. The secondary fuel manifold also has a secondary fuel inlet formed therethrough connectable at an outer end thereof to a source of secondary fuel, an inner end positioned for sealing engagement with the secondary fuel/air blender. The air pressure valve and secondary fuel/air blender are biased to close and seal the inner end of secondary fuel inlet when the engine is stopped and to open the inner end responsive to engine intake air intake through the controller when the engine is running.

The present invention discloses new flip chip assemblies and lamps for high power semiconductor chips or devices including GaN LEDs and a new wafer level flip chip packaging process for cost effectively manufacturing the same. The advantages of the new flip chip assemblies, lamps, and the wafer level flip chip package process are: (1) the fabricating process is simpler; (2) no need for expensive flip chip equipments; (3) the throughput is higher; (4) eliminating lattice mismatch between the substrate and the epitaxial layer by removing the substrate; (5) better thermal dissipation; (6) reduced current crowding effect and higher current density; (7) higher light extraction efficiency; (8) eliminating the totally internal reflection; and (9) eliminating the Fresnel reflection at the dome-air interface.

In a turbocompound engine drive including an engine with a crankshaft, an exhaust gas turbine operatively connected to the crankshaft via a reduction gear structure and a hydrodynamic clutch providing together for a power transmission path between the engine a freewheel is integrated into the power transmission path between the turbine and the crankshaft of the engine for disconnecting the turbine from the engine when the turbine speed is lower than the comparable engine speed to prevent the turbine from being driven by the engine.

When the amount of heat stored in a heat storage container is greater than or equal to a determination value at the time of initiation of system start-up in a hybrid vehicle, heating by thermal energy stored in the heat storage container is carried out only on an internal combustion engine. This increases the engine temperature to a permitting temperature for intermittent control of the engine or higher, so that the intermittent control is executed at an early stage after the initiation of the system start-up in the hybrid vehicle. Also, oil viscosity in the engine is rapidly lowered to decrease the resistance to operation of the engine. If the amount of the heat stored in the heat storage container is less than the determination value, the heating by the thermal energy stored in the heat storage container is performed on the transaxle under a prescribed condition. As a result, the fuel efficiency of the engine is improved.

A driving device having a charging device for increasing the pressure and the mass flow of the combustion air of an internal combustion engine, and having a steam generator for evaporating a fluid using thermal energy drawn from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The steam generator is connected to a steam accumulator, and the charging device is an exhaust gas turbocharger whose drive turbine can be acted on at least partly both by exhaust gas and also by steam from the steam accumulator, the steam pressure and/or steam mass flow of the steam supplied to the exhaust gas turbocharger being capable of being regulated and/or controlled.

A group III nitride-based light emitting device includes an n-type semiconductor layer; a first p-type semiconductor layer; an active region; and an electron blocking region comprising AlGaInN located between the active region and the first p-type semiconductor layer, and including at least an upgraded layer and a downgraded layer. An aluminium composition of the upgraded layer of the electron blocking region increases from an active region side to a first p-type semiconductor layer side of the electron blocking region, and an aluminium composition of the downgraded layer of the electron blocking region decreases from the active region side to the first p-type semiconductor layer side of the electron blocking region. The nitride-based light emitting device may be a light emitting diode or a laser diode.

An exhaust manifold includes a housing formed of a thin-walled sheet metal part which is shaped in the form of a shell construction and has an upper housing shell and a lower housing shell to define an interior space. Received in the housing in an area proximate to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is a baffle plate which separates the interior space of the housing from a motor flange to secure the exhaust manifold to the cylinder head.

In an internal combustion engine with a crankshaft and an exhaust gas duct including an exhaust gas power turbine which is coupled to the crankshaft via a variable transmission, a control unit is provided for controlling the transmission ratio of the variable transmission such that the speed of the turbine is adapted to the flow speed of the exhaust gas through the turbine in such a way that the turbine is always operated in an optimal efficiency range.

Provided is an air charging apparatus driven by a rotating magnetic field and compressing or pressurizing and transferring air. The air charging apparatus includes at least one impeller sucking air and giving kinetic energy to intake air; an impeller case leading external air inhaled by the impeller into the impeller and converting velocity energy of air out of the impeller into air having pressure energy to discharge air; and a rotating body accelerator equipped with the impeller and the impeller case and driving the impeller. Here, the rotating body accelerator drives the impeller by generating a torque by interaction with an intake negative pressure, by generating a torque by interaction with the intake negative pressure and using supplied power, or by generating a torque using supplied power.

Internal combustion engine has intake with compression in piston/cylinders and combustion and exhaust in a turbine. Turbine assembly includes a rotor connected to an output shaft and has variable blades pivotally mounted to rotor. The output shaft is connected to a crankshaft that is connects to the pistons to synchronizes intake and compression with combustion and exhaust. While the rotor spins centrifugal force causes the blades to swivel outwardly. The blades swivel inboard of the rotor as the space between them and the turbine housing cam contour gradually decreases. After partial compression, air enters the turbine assembly's combustion and exhaust chamber. Once full compression is attained, combustion takes place initiating a power cycle causing the turbine to rotate. When the power cycle is completed, the inner cam contour forces the blades inboard and exhaust is cleared by the subsequent variable blade, facilitating the next combustion and exhaust cycle.

A device for exhaust gas aftertreatment in an internal combustion engine can be connected to an outlet of the internal combustion engine. The device comprises an exhaust gas system with an exhaust gas channel in which a three-way catalytic converter is arranged, and an exhaust gas burner with which hot burner exhaust gases can be fed into the exhaust gas channel at a feed point upstream from the three-way catalytic converter. The three-way catalytic converter is configured as a lambda probe catalytic converter and comprises a first catalyst volume and a second catalyst volume, whereby a lambda probe is arranged downstream from the first catalyst volume and upstream from the second catalyst volume, whereby the first catalyst volume has a lower oxygen storage capacity than the second catalyst volume. A method for exhaust gas aftertreatment in an internal combustion engine has such an exhaust gas aftertreatment device.

A refrigerant system 1D comprises a heat insulating housing 3 provided with an accommodating space inside and a refrigeration unit 9 attached to a lower portion of the heat insulating housing 3, in which a compressor 5, a gas cooler 6, an internal heat exchanger 10, a restriction means 16 and an evaporator 8 accommodated in a heat insulating case 7A are disposed on a unit base 4. The gas cooler 6 and the heat insulating case 7A are disposed so that air heat-exchanged by the gas cooler 6 moves toward the heat insulating case 7A, an air passage T is provided between the unit base 4 and the heat insulating case 7A, the air heat-exchanged by the gas cooler 6 is passed through the air passage T to be discharged outside, and the internal heat exchanger 10 is disposed in such a manner that it is embedded in a heat insulating material layer 7C provided around the heat insulating case 7A to be provided with a heat insulation property. Accordingly, exhaust heat-exchanged by the gas cooler is discharged outside without stagnation, and increases in an overload and operation power of the compressor are suppressed and the durability of the compressor can be improved. Further, the heat-exchanging efficiency of the internal heat exchanger can be improved and the generation of condensation on a surface of an outer side tube of the internal heat exchanger can be prevented.

A piston for use in 4 Cycle reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines. The one embodiment includes a multifunctional Engraving or Imprint that is machined into the crown of the piston. This “Imprint” consists of concentric circles of metal removed in a machining process resulting in the compartments of the functional areas within the crown of the piston connected by either the height and or cross drillings within the Imprint. The functional result is to create low and high pressure zones within the crown of the piston as it proceeds upward on the compression stroke facilitating the creation of an active moving rotational swirl in the outer 25% on the top surface area of the piston circumference. The active swirl pattern results in ultimate homogenization of the air fuel mixture leaving no area of the combustion chamber with weak or separated air and fuel molecules resulting in enhanced power and complete combustion.

In a power generation control apparatus applied to a hybrid vehicle including a compound motor in which a wound rotor is connected to an internal combustion engine and a magnet rotor is connected to a transmission, when regenerative power generation is underway and the internal combustion engine is operative, a first motor/generator constituted by the wound rotor and the magnet rotor and the internal combustion engine are controlled such that torque output from the internal combustion engine is increased by torque applied to the internal combustion engine from the first motor/generator, and a power generation amount of a second motor/generator constituted by the magnet rotor and a stator is increased such that torque transmitted to an output shaft from the internal combustion engine is not applied to a drive wheel.