65results about How to "Increase electrode surface area" patented technology

The present invention discloses an electrolyzer for electrolyzing water into a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The electrolyzer is adapted to deliver this gaseous mixture to the fuel system of an internal combustion engine. The electrolyzer of the present invention comprises one or more supplemental electrode at least partially immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution interposed between two principle electrodes. The gaseous mixture is generated by applying an electrical potential between the two principal electrodes. The electrolyzer further includes a gas reservoir region for collecting the generated gaseous mixture. The present invention further discloses a method of utilizing the electrolyzer in conjunction with the fuel system of an internal combustion engine to improve the efficiency of said internal combustion engine.

The present invention relates generally to medical devices; in particular and without limitation, to unique electrodes and/or electrical lead assemblies for stimulating cardiac tissue, muscle tissue, neurological tissue, brain tissue and/or organ tissue; to electrophysiology mapping and ablation catheters for monitoring and selectively altering physiologic conduction pathways; and, wherein said electrodes, lead assemblies and catheters optionally include fluid irrigation conduit(s) for providing therapeutic and/or performance enhancing materials to adjacent biological tissue, and wherein each said device is coupled to or incorporates nanostructure or materials therein. The present invention also provides methods for fabricating, deploying, and operating such medical devices.

The present invention relates to a nanowire array (15, 16) for electrically-controlled elution of a therapeutic composition (5) comprising a plurality of nanoscopic-sized wires (12, 12), nanowires, attached to an electrically conducting solid support (7), said nanowires formed from electroactive conjugated polymer (4) containing or doped with said therapeutic composition (5) coated over a plurality of nanoscopic sized electrically conducting protrusions (8). It also relates to a method for preparing a nanowire array and an electrode.

An electrocoagulation reactor, and water purification systems and methods using the reactor, are provided. The electrocoagulation reactor has a spirally wound assembly in which electrocoagulation treatment takes place. The spirally wound assembly includes electrode sheets spirally wound in spaced relation with an area for fluid flow in the space between the electrode sheets.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graphene oxide/alpha fetoprotein aptamer electrochemical sensor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking carboxylated graphene oxide as a substrate, grafting an aminated alpha fetoprotein aptamer chain on the substrate through carbodiimide reaction, then modifying the obtained compound on an electrode, closing a non-specific adsorption site on the modified electrode with bovine serum albumin, so that a graphene oxide/alpha fetoprotein aptamer electrochemical sensing interface is formed; and taking the modified electrode as a working electrode, and investigating variation, caused by alpha fetoprotein solution with different concentrations, of an impedance signal on the sensing interface by adopting an impedance method. Compared with an existing alpha fetoprotein detection method, the preparation method has the advantages that an alpha fetoprotein aptamer is adopted for analyzing a target protein, harms such as redundant multiple labeling operation, radiation and pollution do not exist, and the sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, simplicity in preparation, high analysis speed, mild reaction conditions, low preparation cost and the like.

The present invention relates to nanometer rod array electrode, and is especially nanometer metal rod dispersing and self-assembling process of preparing nanometer rod array electrode with best utilization of surface area. The process includes the following steps: dissolving the template for growing nanometer metal rods, adding dispersant to the solvent and ultrasonically treating for well dispersing nanometer metal rods in the solvent, and regulating the concentration of nanometer metal rods to self-assemble nanometer metal rods onto the surface of electrode base in controllable intervals. The nanometer metal rod array electrode has best utilization of the great surface area of the nanometer metal rods, very high diffusion flux and faraday current, and very high electrically catalytic activity.

The invention provides a storage, a forming method thereof and a semiconductor device. On the basis that a first isolation screen and a second isolation screen define a contact window, the top surface of the second isolation screen is lower than that of the first isolation screen, so that the space above the second isolation screen can be utilized, the node contact top can extend in the extension direction of the first isolation screen so that the the second isolation screen can be covered, further a plurality of nodes are arranged in a staggering manner on the upper surfaces of the connection surfaces of the nodes and capacitors, accordingly, the following capacitors can be arranged in the staggering manner, so that not only can the capacitance of the capacitors be improved, but also the dense degree of the capacitor arrangement can be further improved.

A method for electrochemical oxidation decomposition of difficult to decompose compounds like aromatic compounds, organic chlorine compounds, agricultural chemicals, dioxin, PCB and water soluble polymers that are contained in waste fluid, such as print developing waste fluid, factory waste water and industrial waste water of things such as landfill soil seeping waste water by carrying out electrolysis at a high current density to eliminate and purify difficult to decompose substances in the waste fluid. Waste fluid containing difficult to decompose substances is introduced into an electrolytic chamber with an anode that is a ferrite electrode, electrolysis is performed at a high current density of 10 A/dm2 or higher, hypohalogenous acid and active oxygen are generated in the waste fluid along with a strong anode oxidation action being brought about, and the oxidation decomposition is repeated by re-circulating the waste fluid through a filter, electrolyzer and intermediate collecting chamber.

The invention provides a system for processing a nanostructure on the surface of an electrode for a battery by utilizing a femtosecond laser. The system for processing the nanostructure on the surface of the electrode for the battery by utilizing the femtosecond laser comprises a femtosecond laser device, an acoustooptic modulator, a reflecting mirror system, a polarization controller, a laser scanning system and a lens, wherein the femtosecond laser device is used for providing a femtosecond laser pulse; the acoustooptic modulator is used for controlling the on/off of the femtosecond laser device and the repetition frequency of the femtosecond laser pulse; the reflecting mirror system is used for guiding the femtosecond laser into the polarization controller; the polarization controller is used for controlling the polarization state, on the surface of a to-be-processed electrode, of the femtosecond laser; the laser scanning system is used for controlling the light spot of a laser to form a pattern on the surface of the electrode; the lens is used for focusing the femtosecond laser pulse on the surface of the electrode. According to the system for processing the nanostructure on the surface of the electrode for the battery by utilizing the femtosecond laser, the nanostructure on the surface of the electrode of the battery is processed by utilizing the femtosecond laser; the superficial area of the electrode can be drastically improved; thus, the effective contact between the surface of the electrode and an electrolyte is greatly enhanced; the diffusion of ions is increased; the capacity of the battery is increased; a charging speed is quickened; the service life is prolonged; moreover, the production cost, which is brought about by an existing high-temperature high-vacuum technique, of the battery is greatly decreased; the yield is improved.

A continuous electrolyzed oxidizing/reduction water generator device includes an electrically insulative housing which is an acid, alkali and pressure resistant box with a. water inlet and multiple water outlets on opposing sides, positive and negative electrodes are mounted in the electrically insulative housing in parallel and equally spaced by a cation exchange membrane, and an electric control box to provide high voltage DC across the positive and negative electrodes to oxidize intake water into electrolyzed oxidizing/reduction water. Multiple generator units may be connected in series.

The invention discloses a solar driven device and method for treating wastewater and producing hydrogen by coupling. The device comprises a stereocatalytic electrode reactor and photovoltaic, pipeline, water storage, and hydrogen collection systems, wherein the stereocatalytic electrode reactor comprises a monovalent cation exchange membrane and cathode and anode chambers, and cathode and anode plates are respectively arranged in the cathode and anode chambers; the cathode and anode chambers are respectively filled with supported activated carbon particles to form stereocatalytic electrode anode and cathode groups, and the photovoltaic system comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, a regulated power supply, and a single pole double throw switch; the pipeline system comprises a wastewater inlet and outlet pipe, a wastewater introduction pipe and pump, a wastewater return pipe, a wastewater outlet valve, a dilute alkali liquid introduction pipe and pump, a concentrated alkali liquid returnpipe, and a concentrated alkali liquid outlet pipe and valve, and the water storage system comprises wastewater and alkali liquid storage tanks; the hydrogen collection system comprises a hydrogen tank and an air duct. The solar energy is driven to treat wastewater, the COD removal rate of an effluent is 70% to 80%, and the hydrogen production amount is 1 to 2 L/h.

A semiconductor substrate cotains a semiconductor substrate and an inter-layer insulating film formed on the substrate. The inter-layer insulating film contains contact pads formed in the insulating film. Capacitor lower electrodes are connected electrically to the contact pads. The lower electrodes comprise the pad-shaped storage nodes electrically connected to the contact pads and the cup-shaped storage nodes arrayed on the storage nodes. According to such a method, a capacitance can be increased, reducing not-open contacts, and the leanings of the storage nodes can also be decreased.

The invention discloses a lead acid storage battery electrode. The lead acid storage battery electrode comprises a current collector and an active substance, wherein the electrode is provided with at least one stable void which is not filled with the active substance and runs through or does not run through the interior of the electrode, the size of the stable void in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the electrode and penetrating into the electrode is greater than one tenths of the thickness of a flat electrode, a winded electrode and a bipolar electrode, or greater than one tenths of a radial length of a tubular electrode and a columnar electrode, the total area of the stable void contacting the surface of the active substance is greater than the total area of the stable void not contacting the surface of the active substance, and a minimum appearance size of the stable void is greater than an average aperture of the porous active substance of the electrode. The invention also discloses a lead acid storage battery comprising the electrode, and a manufacturing method, component and device of the electrode. By adopting the lead acid storage battery electrode, the performances of the lead acid storage battery electrode and the battery such as the specific surface area, specific energy and the like are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to an electrochemical preparation device, preparation method and application of Fe < 2 + >/Fe < 3 + > hydroxide. The electrochemical preparation device is used for preparing theFe < 2 + >/Fe < 3 + > hydroxide and comprises a reactor, wherein an iron-containing anode, a porous electrode, a cation exchange membrane and a cathode are sequentially arranged in the reactor from outside to inside, and the porous electrode is attached to the inner side of the iron-containing anode; the water inlet end is positioned at the bottom of the reactor, and the water outlet end is positioned at the top of the reactor. The electrochemical preparation method comprises the following steps: introducing direct-current voltage to an anode and a cathode of a reactor; introducing a NaCl solution into the water inlet end at a certain flow rate; introducing argon into the effluent, and continuously aerating the system until the oxygen is fully removed; and washing the precipitate with oxygen-free water for multiple times to obtain the Fe < 2 + >/Fe < 3 + > hydroxide. The method is low in production cost, high in yield, simple in process and capable of rapidly and efficiently preparingthe Fe < 2 + >/Fe < 3 + > hydroxide and applying the hydroxide to water environment restoration.

The invention relates to a self-collected-energy power generation and energy storage type woven stretch sock which mainly comprises a flexible micro-nano array elastic friction and piezoelectric composite power generation type sock sole, a flexible micro-nano array elastic friction power generation and energy storage type sock surface, a three-dimensional porous graphene composite coaxial structure type flexible supercapacitor, a flexible elastic connection layer and a wearable externally-connected circuit snap-fastener plug-in port. The flexible supercapacitor is woven and assembled in the sock surface, the plug-in port is woven and assembled at the upper end of the suck surface, the flexible elastic connection layer is formed by weaving flexible elastic connection threads, and the sock surface is connected with the sock sole through the flexible elastic connection layer to form the woven stretch sock.