571 results about "Aluminium oxide" patented technology

The invention discloses a method of preparing aluminum oxide-silicon carbide compound porous ceramic by aluminum-silicon industrial waste residues. The primary raw materials comprise industrial waste residues, carbon powder, a pore forming substance and an adhesive. The aluminum oxide-silicon carbide compound porous ceramic is prepared by the following steps of mixing, drying, forming and sintering to obtain a final product. Treatment and high additional value utilization of the industrial waste residues are achieved. The prepared porous ceramic is remarkable in performance, and can be applied to the fields of filtration, sound isolation, heat isolation, fire fighting and the like. The method is simple in process flow and convenient for industrialized promotion; and the cost is good to control and the method has extreme economical value.

The invention discloses a high heat storage density stable thermochemical adsorption composite heat storage material and a preparation method thereof, the high heat storage density stable thermochemical adsorption composite heat storage material comprises 54%-57% by mass of mixed salt and 43%-46% by mass of a porous material, the mixed salt comprises MgSO4 and MgCl2, the mass ratio of MgSO4 to MgCl2 is 9: 1-6: 4, and the porous material is expanded perlite modified by nano alumina or a silane coupling agent. The high-heat-storage-density stable thermochemical-adsorption composite heat storage material provided by the invention is simple in preparation method, and the modified expanded perlite is used as a carrier of the mixed hydrated salt; the obtained composite heat storage material has excellent performance: the salt-containing load rate is 114-121%, the water absorption rate is 1.2-1.28 g / g, the heat storage density is 1123.5-1208.6 kJ / kg, the heat storage temperature is 133.4-141.3 DEG C, the structural strength is 10.346-12.631 kPa, the structural stability is 99.27-99.53%, and the stability is 79.7-83.3% after circulation for 30 times, that is, the composite heat storage material is high in heat storage density, high in water absorption rate, low in heat storage temperature, high in strength and not easy to scatter and fall off, and the composite heat storage material is suitable for large-scale production. And the material also has relatively good cycling stability.

The invention relates to the technical field of surface engineering, discloses a method and a system for preparing a yttrium fluoride composite ceramic coating through atmospheric plasma spraying, and aims to solve the problems that the yttrium fluoride coating generates a brittle aluminum fluoride layer on the surface of an aluminum substrate due to fluorine ion diffusion, so that the bonding strength is low, and the yttrium fluoride coating is easy to peel off and lose efficacy. The method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out mechanical polishing, ultrasonic cleaning and sand blasting roughening on an aluminum base material; preparing composite powder formed by mixing yttrium fluoride, yttrium oxide and nanometer aluminum oxide according to the mass ratio of 75: 20: 5; sequentially depositing a yttrium oxide transition layer, a composite barrier layer and a yttrium fluoride functional layer by adopting atmospheric plasma spraying; and finally carrying out vacuum post-heat treatment. According to the system, through the synergistic effect of the three layers of gradient structures, the transition layer forms an yttrium aluminate metallurgical bonding interface, the barrier layer inhibits fluorine ion diffusion through the dual mechanisms of nanometer aluminum oxide physical barrier and yttrium oxide chemical adsorption, and the functional layer guarantees the plasma erosion resistance. According to the method, the bonding strength of the coating is remarkably improved to 50 MPa or above, the porosity is lower than 3%, stripping is avoided under 500-hour high-energy plasma bombardment, the process cost is reduced by 40%, and the method is suitable for cavity protection of semiconductor etching equipment.

The invention relates to the technical field of round bin building construction, in particular to an aluminum oxide bin upside-down construction method. S1, measuring and positioning the top surface of the completed foundation; and S2, the annular bottom plate is installed and fixed to the top face of the foundation. And S3, a center cylinder temporary fixing support is arranged on the top face of the foundation. And S4, the first circle of wall plates are assembled and fixed. And S5, assembling of the silo top structure is completed. And S6, a plurality of hydraulic jacking devices are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the foundation. And S7, the hydraulic jacking device is operated to synchronously jack the first circle of wall plate. And S8, the next circle of wall plates are assembled and welded in the new assembling space. And S9, the hydraulic jacking device is operated to enable the supporting block to descend to the bottom, and a bracket is welded to the lower portion of the next circle of wall plate. And S10, the steps of jacking, assembly welding, supporting block descending and bracket welding are repeated. According to the construction method, the construction sequence of firstly assembling the warehouse top, then jacking the warehouse top circle by circle and inversely installing the wall plates is adopted, so that the safety risk caused by erecting a high-altitude scaffold in a traditional forward installation method is effectively avoided.

The invention relates to chemical-corrosion-resistant full-polished glaze as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic production and manufacturing. The chemical-corrosion-resistant fully-polished glaze comprises the following mineral components in percentage by mass: 5%-10% of quartz, 5%-10% of kaolin, 1%-10% of calcined talc, 20%-25% of wollastonite, 10%-20% of calcined kaolin, 1%-5% of calcined alumina, 1%-5% of calcined zinc oxide, 1%-5% of barium carbonate, 1%-3% of titanium oxide, 1%-5% of zirconium silicate and 10%-20% of boron frit. By specially designing a full-polishing glaze formula of the ceramic tile, adjusting the firing temperature and discharging or reducing defects such as air holes in a glaze layer as much as possible, the glaze layer forms a stable inert surface, and chemical substances cannot react with the glaze layer or only slightly react with the glaze layer, so that the transparency, integrity and glossiness of the surface are kept.

The invention relates to the technical field of soft light bricks, in particular to an environment-friendly wear-resistant soft light brick and a preparation method thereof, and the environment-friendly wear-resistant soft light brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of quartz, 30-60 parts of waste slag micro powder, 10-25 parts of feldspar, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of clay, 5-15 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of lamellar alumina, 1-5 parts of a sintering aid and 0.5-3 parts of a binder. According to the environment-friendly and wear-resistant soft light brick and the preparation method thereof, the waste slag micro powder and the lamellar alumina are combined with other components, a traditional single aggregate reinforcing mechanism is broken through, a two-time sintering process is used during preparation, a glaze surface and a green body are combined more firmly, the surface texture is more uniform, and the soft light effect controllability is high.

The invention belongs to the technical field of EBSD sample preparation of heterogeneous materials, and particularly relates to an EBSD sample preparation method of an Al7075 / Al6061 bimetal composite cast ingot. According to the method, mechanical grinding and polishing and argon ion polishing are combined for EBSD sample preparation, during mechanical grinding and polishing, aluminum oxide polishing paste is selected for rough polishing, aluminum oxide or chromium oxide polishing paste is selected for fine polishing, and finally cerium oxide polishing paste is selected for fine polishing, so that crystal lattices with complete and distortionless sample surface layers are obtained as far as possible, and the defects such as trailing are reduced to the maximum extent; the optimal surface characteristics are provided for subsequent argon ion polishing, and meanwhile, the calibration rate of an Al7075 / Al6061 bimetal composite cast ingot EBSD sample prepared through the method is not lower than 90% in combination with the optimal argon ion polishing process parameters.

The invention relates to the technical field of suspension roasting, in particular to a flowing suspension roasting system and method for desiliconizing and purifying coal gangue. The system comprises a multi-stage preheating unit, a multi-stage cooling unit, a flowing suspension roasting furnace and a crystal form control device which are connected in sequence, and the method comprises the steps that coal gangue materials are subjected to multi-stage preheating, so that the materials are heated in stages; performing high-temperature roasting in a flowing suspension roasting furnace, and controlling the retention time of the material and the environment temperature in a crystal form control device so as to regulate and control the crystal form structure of the material. By accurately controlling the roasting process and optimizing material crystal form transformation, efficient removal of silicon in the coal gangue and efficient extraction of aluminum oxide are achieved, and the method has the advantages of being low in energy consumption, high in efficiency and good in environment friendliness and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, and discloses a high-strength anti-cracking ceramic and a preparation method thereof. According to the ceramic, through innovative material modification and process optimization, the strength and crack resistance of traditional ceramic are remarkably improved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out surface modification on nano titanium dioxide by using double-end carboxyl polyquaternium to obtain polyquaternium modified titanium dioxide; mixing and ball-milling quartz, clay, feldspar, aluminum oxide, talcum powder, modified titanium dioxide and other raw materials, molding and sintering to obtain the ceramic. Through the interface modification effect of the double-end carboxyl polyquaternium, the nano titanium dioxide is uniformly dispersed and firmly combined with a matrix, crack propagation is effectively hindered, and the obtained ceramic has excellent bending strength and compressive strength, widens the application field of ceramic products and has wide market application prospects.

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic-based composite material preparation, in particular to an aluminum oxide-based refractory ceramic composite material and a preparation method thereof.The aluminum oxide-based refractory ceramic composite material is prepared from, by mass, 80-90 parts of modified aluminum oxide, 5-10 parts of modified nano zirconium oxide suspension liquid and 3-5 parts of nano titanium dioxide sol, according to the invention, material component modification, interface structure design and gradient protection technology are optimized, compatibility of a matrix and a reinforced phase is cooperatively regulated and controlled, and low-temperature presintering and surface functionalization treatment technologies are improved, so that thermal shock resistance stability, high-temperature strength retention rate and chemical erosion resistance of the material are improved; the refractory material has excellent durability, provides a new solution for high-performance and engineering application of the refractory material, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a copper base-copper chromium contact composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of copper chromium contact materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps that a nanometer aluminum oxide coating layer is formed on the surface of chromium powder through a sol-gel method, and coated chromium powder is obtained; the coated chromium powder and the copper powder are subjected to vacuum induction gas atomization treatment, and spherical copper-chromium alloy powder is obtained; the spherical copper-chromium alloy powder is printed on the surface of the copper-based material, and a prefabricated body of the copper-based-copper-chromium contact composite material is obtained; and after the contact layer is subjected to hot isostatic pressing treatment, the prefabricated body is subjected to annealing treatment, and the contact is prepared. According to the method, the high conductivity of the base material and the high wear resistance of the contact layer can be coordinated, so that the arc ablation resistance is improved; through the combination of electron beam printing and hot isostatic pressing, the porosity of the material can be remarkably reduced, and the material is suitable for high-performance contact components in the fields of high-voltage switches, rail transit and the like.

The invention relates to a method for treating a reflective optical element (1) for the VUV wavelength range having an aluminum surface (3). The treatment of the reflective optical element (1) comprises irradiating the reflective optical element (1) with a hydrogen plasma jet (10) to remove the aluminum oxide layer (4) formed on the aluminum surface (3). The invention also relates to a reflective optical element (1) for use in the VUV wavelength range treated by such a method, and to an optical arrangement comprising at least one such optical element (1).

The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant coating of a piston rod, and aims to solve the problems of low bonding strength, high porosity, easiness in oxidation, large residual stress and the like of an existing coating. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out alkaline oil removal and sand blasting roughening pretreatment on a piston rod matrix, and carrying out sand blasting for 5-10 minutes by adopting aluminum oxide sand grains of 120-200 meshes under the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa; then NiCrMo alloy powder with the thickness of 15-45 microns is sprayed through high velocity oxy-fuel to form a bottom layer with the thickness of 80-120 microns, and the binding force of the coating and a base body is enhanced; then, WC-Co-Cr composite ceramic powder with the mass fraction of WC being 70%-85% is subjected to laser cladding, a wear-resisting layer of 300-500 microns is prepared, and argon at the speed of 10-15 L / min is synchronously introduced to prevent oxidation; finally, under the vacuum degree of 1 * 10 <-3 >-1 * 10 <-2 > Pa, the temperature is increased to 400-500 DEG C at the speed of 5-10 DEG C / min, heat preservation is conducted for 2-3 h Through gradient coating design and parameter synergy, the compactness of the coating exceeds 99%, the hardness reaches HV1200-1500, the bonding strength exceeds 70 MPa, compared with a traditional process, the wear-resistant life is prolonged by 3.2 times, the salt spray corrosion resistance exceeds 1500 hours, hexavalent chromium pollution is avoided, and the coating has remarkable industrial application value.

The invention provides a single-layer core-shell structure polishing abrasive for silicon carbide wafer polishing, a polishing solution, a preparation method and a polishing method, and relates to the technical field of chemical mechanical polishing, the single-layer core-shell structure polishing abrasive takes silicon dioxide with the particle size of 300-800 nm as an inner core and aluminum oxide with the particle size of 10-150 nm as an outer shell, the particle size ratio of the inner core to the outer shell is 2: 1-10: 1, and the polishing solution is prepared from silicon dioxide with the particle size of 300-800 nm and aluminum oxide with the particle size of 10-150 nm. And single-layer coating is realized through cationic polyelectrolyte assisted electrostatic adsorption. The polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-15 parts of a polishing abrasive with a single-layer core-shell structure, 0.2-8 parts of an oxidizing agent, 0.1-8 parts of a dispersing agent and the balance of deionized water, and the pH value is adjusted to 8-11. The hardness of the inner core abrasive material of the prepared polishing abrasive material with the core-shell structure is smaller than that of the outer shell abrasive material, the polishing abrasive material with the core-shell structure has high dispersity and low agglomeration rate, in the final polishing process of SiC wafers, the surface roughness Ra smaller than or equal to 0.15 nm can be obtained, meanwhile, the material removal rate is kept to be larger than or equal to 1500 nm / h, the scratch density is remarkably reduced, and the polishing abrasive material is suitable for batch finish machining of high-end power device substrates.

The present invention discloses a low-temperature co-fired ceramic / glass composite material and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of ceramic materials. The present invention uses aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as a ceramic phase, CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) and zinc-boron glass as a glass phase, and adds K2O, CuO, and Nb2O5. When the low-temperature co-fired ceramic / glass composite material is used to prepare microelectronic components, its firing temperature can be reduced to 800°C to 850°C, and the dielectric constant can be reduced to 7.0-8.5, and the dielectric loss can be reduced to 0.3×10 ‑3 ~0.7×10 ‑3 (1MHz).

The invention provides an iron-tin co-doped amorphous gallium oxide-based ferromagnetic ceramic film, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic semiconductor ceramic materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sufficiently mixing Ga, Fe and Sn organic precursor solutions according to a certain proportion to form a GaFeSn organic precursor solution; the cleaned single crystal aluminum oxide substrate is coated with the GaFeSn organic precursor solution in a spinning mode; then putting the obtained GaFeSn organic precursor film into a tube furnace with a single temperature zone; under the air atmosphere, the temperature of the tubular furnace is slowly increased to 550 DEG C at the speed of 5 DEG C / min, heat preservation is carried out for 1 h at the temperature of 550 DEG C, annealing treatment is carried out, and the amorphous GaFeSnO magnetic ceramic film which is uniform in thickness and has the amorphous phase and strong ferromagnetism is prepared. Strong ferromagnetism of the thin film is excited with low iron element doping concentration (10%), and the problem of low conductivity caused by transition metal doping in the magnetic ceramic thin film is solved. The amorphous GaFeSnO magnetic ceramic film prepared by the method has strong ferromagnetism of 170 emu / cm < 3 > under 2K and 90 emu / cm < 3 > under 300K, and the Curie temperature of 335K.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of high-toughness anti-aging zirconia ceramic, and relates to the technical field of ceramic materials.The preparation method comprises the following steps that nano monoclinic zirconia with the D50 being 20-50 nm and the mass fraction being 99.7-99.8 wt%, aluminum oxide with the D50 being 200-400 nm and the mass fraction being 0.2-0.3 wt% and a dispersing agent are taken, and the dispersing agent accounts for 1-1.5 wt% of the total mass of powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking a high-purity aluminum oxide grinding ball as a grinding medium, stirring and grinding for 2-4 hours at the rotating speed of 700-1000r / min, and then grinding for 1-2 hours at the sanding rotating speed of 1500-2000r / min to obtain mixed slurry; nano monoclinic zirconia is adopted as a raw material, aluminum oxide and a dispersing agent are added for co-grinding, Y2O3 is deposited on the surface of ATZ composite powder in a magnetron sputtering mode, and a Y2O3 deposition layer can inhibit conversion from t-zirconia to m-zirconia, so that the anti-aging performance of the zirconia ceramic is improved, and the service life of the zirconia ceramic is prolonged. And the nano monoclinic zirconium oxide is directly mixed and ground with the aluminum oxide, so that the zirconium oxide raw material is more easily subjected to stress-induced phase change, and the toughness performance of the zirconium oxide ceramic is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials for hydrogen metallurgy, and discloses a high-strength heat-insulating castable for hydrogen metallurgy as well as a preparation method and application of the high-strength heat-insulating castable. The invention discloses a high-strength heat-insulating castable which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15-25% of modified aluminum oxide hollow spheres with the particle size of 5-3mm, 7-13% of modified aluminum oxide hollow spheres with the particle size of 3-2mm, 2-4% of modified aluminum oxide hollow spheres with the particle size of 2-1mm, 7-11% of modified perlite with the particle size of 3-0.074 mm, 18-28% of quartz powder, 4-6% of silicon dioxide powder, 25-35% of pure calcium aluminate cement and 0.5-2% of yttrium oxide powder. A water reducing agent accounting for 0.05-0.15% of the total mass of the raw materials, a pore forming agent accounting for 0.03-0.07% of the total mass of the raw materials and water accounting for 17-21% of the total mass of the raw materials are added. The castable disclosed by the invention has the comprehensive properties of high strength, low heat conductivity, high volume stability and excellent H2 / CO erosion resistance, and meets the comprehensive harsh requirements of hydrogen metallurgy application scenarios.

The invention discloses a method for wrapping high-refractive-index ceramic powder with a low-refractive-index product layer and a ceramic material, and relates to the technical field of ceramic additive manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps: forming a low-refractive-index product layer on the surface of ceramic powder through a physical vapor deposition method, a chemical vapor deposition method or a hydrothermal method; the material of the low-refractive-index product layer comprises at least one of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, yttrium oxide or yttrium aluminum garnet; the ceramic powder is high-refractive-index ceramic powder and comprises at least one of silicon carbide, silicon nitride or aluminum nitride. According to the method, on the premise that the powder body is prevented from being damaged and impurities are prevented from being introduced, a coating layer which is uniform, compact and good in refractive index matching is formed, and therefore the curing depth and printing reliability of the high-refractive-index ceramic powder in photocuring forming are effectively improved.

The invention discloses a high-bending-resistance and low-dielectric-loss LTCC substrate preparation method and an LTCC substrate, and the method comprises the steps: mixing inorganic powder, an organic system and a solvent through ball milling, dissolving and stirring, and preparing a green ceramic chip through a tape casting technology; carrying out lamination, warm isostatic pressing, cutting, glue discharging and sintering on the green ceramic chip to obtain the LTCC substrate; the inorganic powder comprises sodium borosilicate glass, aluminum oxide and mullite whiskers. According to the invention, the sodium borosilicate glass is used as a glass phase, the mullite whisker and the alumina powder are used as ceramic phases, and the excellent mechanical properties and extremely low dielectric loss of the mullite whisker are utilized to modify the sodium borosilicate glass-alumina composite material. The problems that an existing sodium borosilicate glass-aluminum oxide LTCC composite material is low in bending strength and high in dielectric loss are solved.

The application relates to the field of wear-resistant materials, and discloses a high-chromium cast iron material with high wear resistance and a heat treatment process of the high-chromium cast iron material. The heat treatment process steps are as follows: taking iron-coated zirconia toughened alumina ceramic as a reinforcing phase material; placing a casting in a heat treatment furnace, grading cooling to room temperature after heating in the furnace; then performing three-stage tempering to obtain a processed piece; performing surface cleaning and preheating on the cut processed piece to obtain a pretreated processed piece; uniformly mixing titanium-plated cubic boron nitride powder, graphite, nickel-based alloy powder and a binder, and prepositioning the mixture on the surface of the pretreated processed piece, and preparing a cladding layer by using laser cladding to obtain the high-chromium cast iron material with high wear resistance. The application takes the iron-coated zirconia toughened alumina ceramic as the reinforcing phase material, and prepares the cladding layer by using the titanium-plated cubic boron nitride powder, the graphite and the nickel-based alloy powder, and adopts the grading cooling and three-stage tempering mode to prepare the high-chromium cast iron material with high hardness, high impact toughness and high wear resistance.

The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of refractory materials for glass brick kilns, and particularly relates to a vertical casting process and device for an electric smelting AZS shrinkage-cavity-free pool wall brick. The vertical casting process for the electric smelting AZS shrinkage-cavity-free pool wall brick comprises the following steps that aluminum oxide, zircon sand, desilicated zirconium, sodium carbonate and AZS clinker are added into an electric furnace to be smelted into feed liquid; after melting is completed, the electric furnace is inclined, feed liquid flows into the feed liquid storage area from the hearth through the furnace nozzle flow guide area and then vertically flows into the quartz sand mold through the lower flow opening, and therefore vertical casting of the feed liquid is achieved. According to the vertical casting process for the electrically-fused AZS shrinkage-cavity-free pool wall brick, air holes in the surface of the AZS electrically-fused brick can be effectively reduced, the machining amount is reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the invention also provides a device used by the method.

The invention discloses sanitary ceramic repairing glaze and a ceramic glaze surface defect repairing process. The repairing glaze comprises ground glaze and self-cleaning snowflake cover glaze, the ground glaze is prepared from 18 to 23 parts of frit, 3 to 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 25 to 30 parts of quartz, 23 to 28 parts of albite, 2 to 5 parts of wollastonite, 9 to 14 parts of calcite, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 8 to 12 parts of zirconium silicate, 1 to 3 parts of barium carbonate and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of aluminum oxide; the self-cleaning snowflake cover glaze is prepared from 28 to 33 parts of frit, 12 to 16 parts of calcined kaolin, 2 to 6 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 7 to 12 parts of calcite, 3 to 8 parts of wollastonite, 16 to 22 parts of albite, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of calcined talc, 15 to 20 parts of quartz, 1 to 4 parts of barium carbonate and 0.5 to 13 parts of aluminum oxide. According to the formula of the ground glaze and the self-cleaning snowflake cover glaze, the initial melting temperature of the glaze is reduced by adding a fluxing agent and reducing high-temperature raw materials, the high-temperature chemical reaction time is shortened, and the formula can adapt to a fast firing curve of a refiring kiln.

Glass-based substrates have a depletion layer extending from a first major surface to a first depth from 300 nanometers to 10.0 micrometers. The depletion layer is depleted in one or more alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, alumina, or combinations thereof relative to a bulk. In aspects, the glass-based substrates can exhibit a porosity less than or equal to 1.0% for the first major surface and / or a cross-section perpendicular to the first major surface. In aspects, the glass-based substrates can exhibit one or more of a total reflectance from 0.1% to 2.0%, a total transmittance from 94% to 100%, a scattering from 0.1% to 5.0%, or a combination thereof. Methods of treating a glass-based substrate includes contacting the glass-based substrate with treatment solution maintained at 80°C to 180°C for from 1 hour to 168 hours to form the depletion layer.

The invention discloses a method for composite etching of an electroplating gold plating layer, which comprises the following steps of: manufacturing a photoetching pattern on the front surface of gallium arsenide epitaxy, then evaporating a metal contact layer, depositing a SiNx protective mask layer, performing Mesa mesa etching on the gallium arsenide epitaxy, exposing a high-aluminum layer on the side surface of an epitaxial material, and forming an aluminum oxide limiting layer by adopting a wet oxidation process; a second SiNx protective mask layer continues to be deposited, and the metal contact layer is exposed through dry etching; forming a seed gold layer by adopting magnetron sputtering TiW / Au metal, and forming a photoresist mask with a target electrode pattern on the seed gold layer; electroplating thick gold on the photoresist mask pattern; the photoresist mask layer is removed after completion; the method of combining dry etching and wet etching is adopted to remove the gold plating layer in the non-electroplating area, so that the lateral corrosion of the metal layer is obviously reduced, the high-precision and high-fidelity electrode pattern transfer is realized, the lateral corrosion of the metal layer is reduced, and the passivation protection effect of the device is improved.

This disclosure relates to a lens assembly. The lens assembly includes a lens barrel, a plurality of lenses disposed along an optical axis within the lens barrel, and spacers disposed between the plurality of lenses. The spacers include a plurality of grains and a plurality of pores. The plurality of grains include at least one selected from alumina (Al₂O₃), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), silicon dioxide (SiO₂), and zirconium oxide (ZrO₂).

This invention relates to a gold-sand porcelain, comprising a ceramic body, characterized by further including a carved layer disposed on the surface of the ceramic body. The ceramic body comprises, by weight, the following components: 35-50 parts mineral clay, 25-35 parts hydromica, 2-6 parts kaolin, 10-20 parts quartz, 5-10 parts mica, 1-6 parts silicon dioxide, 2-5 parts iron oxide, 1-3 parts aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts calcium oxide, 2-5 parts magnesium oxide, 5-10 parts manganese oxide, 1-6 parts potassium oxide, 2-5 parts sodium oxide, and 2-6 parts zinc oxide. The carved layer is decorated according to a desired pattern. The gold-sand porcelain of this invention is characterized by being made of clay with a high gold content, being unglazed, having good breathability, good thermal shock resistance, preserving the original flavor of food, and optimizing and activating beneficial bacteria.

The application relates to the technical field of mineral pretreatment, in particular to a treatment method of high-iron bauxite; the treatment method comprises the following steps: performing selective crushing and grinding treatment and grading treatment on the high-iron bauxite to obtain coarse-grained bauxite and fine-grained bauxite; performing first and second heavy separation impurity removal on the coarse-grained bauxite to obtain heavy separation concentrate, heavy separation middlings and heavy separation tailings; performing grinding and magnetic separation treatment on the heavy separation concentrate to obtain magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation tailings; performing centrifugal ore dressing impurity removal treatment on the fine-grained bauxite to obtain centrifugal concentrate and centrifugal tailings; mixing the heavy separation middlings, the magnetic separation tailings and the centrifugal concentrate to obtain product concentrate; mixing the heavy separation tailings and the centrifugal tailings to obtain product tailings; the overall method has the characteristics of short process, low energy consumption, low production cost, low investment, high ore dressing efficiency and the like, and the obtained aluminum concentrate is suitable for Bayer process production of aluminum oxide.

The invention relates to a sterilizable barrier layer laminate (10) comprising a polypropylene (PP) outer layer (20) which has barrier properties, a reverse printing (30) to which a primer layer (40) has been applied, and a PP inner layer (60) situated opposite the PP outer layer, wherein a primer layer is located on the reverse printing and a PP connecting layer (50) is extruded in between the primer layer and the PP inner layer, and wherein the PP outer layer is an outermost layer of a multilayer barrier film (21) which, from the outside in, i.e. as seen from the PP outer layer in the direction toward the PP inner layer, comprises the following layers: at least one functional skin layer (22), an aluminum oxide layer (25) and a top coating layer (23). The invention also alternatively relates to a sterilizable barrier layer laminate comprising: an outer PP layer (20'), a reverse printing and a PP inner layer situated opposite the outer PP layer (20'), wherein between the outer PP layer, in particular the reverse printing, and the PP inner layer there is a multilayer barrier film which, from the outside in, i.e. as viewed from the outer PP layer in the direction toward the PP inner layer, comprises the following layers: a PP outer layer, at least one functional skin layer, an aluminum oxide layer and a top coating layer, wherein the multilayer film is connected on one side to the reverse printing and on the other side to the PP inner layer by means of an adhesive layer (80). The invention further relates to a method for producing the laminate and to the use of same.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition, to an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition and to the use of such an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition in catalytic systems in emission control applications.