8941 results about "Signal amplification" patented technology

An implantable biosensor assembly and system includes an enzymatic sensor probe from which subcutaneous and interstitial glucose levels may be inferred. The assembly may be associated by direct percutaneous connection with electronics, such as for signal amplification, sensor polarization, and data download, manipulation, display, and storage. The biosensor comprises a miniature probe characterized by lateral flexibility and tensile strength and has large electrode surface area for increased sensitivity. Irritation of tissues surrounding the probe is minimized due to ease of flexibility and small cross section of the sensor. Foreign body reaction is diminished due to a microscopically rough porous probe surface.

The invention provides methods to detect molecular recognition events. The invention also provides methods to detect the presence of or identify a target species based on its interaction with one or more probe species. The methods of the invention are based on amplification of the signal due to each molecular recognition event. The amplification is achieved through photopolymerization, with the polymer formed being associated with the molecular recognition event. In an embodiment, a fluorescent polymer, a magnetic polymer, a radioactive polymer or an electrically conducting polymer can form the basis of detection and amplification. In another embodiment, a polymer gel swollen with a fluorescent solution, a magnetic solution, a radioactive solution or an electrically conducting solution can form the basis of detection and amplification. In another embodiment, sufficient polymer forms to be detectable by visual inspection.

The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for the use of microsphere arrays to detect and quantify a number of nucleic acid reactions. The invention finds use in genotyping, i.e. the determination of the sequence of nucleic acids, particularly alterations such as nucleotide substitutions (mismatches) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Similarly, the invention finds use in the detection and quantification of a nucleic acid target using a variety of amplification techniques, including both signal amplification and target amplification. The methods and compositions of the invention can be used in nucleic acid sequencing reactions as well. All applications can include the use of adapter sequences to allow for universal arrays.

The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for the use of microsphere arrays to detect and quantify a number of nucleic acid reactions. The invention finds use in genotyping, i.e. the determination of the sequence of nucleic acids, particularly alterations such as nucleotide substitutions (mismatches) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Similarly, the invention finds use in the detection and quantification of a nucleic acid target using a variety of amplification techniques, including both signal amplification and target amplification. The methods and compositions of the invention can be used in nucleic acid sequencing reactions as well. All applications can include the use of adapter sequences to allow for universal arrays.

An implantable biosensor assembly and system includes an enzymatic sensor probe from which subcutaneous and interstitial glucose levels may be inferred. The assembly may be associated by direct percutaneous connection with electronics, such as for signal amplification, sensor polarization, and data download, manipulation, display, and storage. The biosensor comprises a miniature probe characterized by lateral flexibility and tensile strength and has a large electrode surface area for increased sensitivity. Irritation of tissues surrounding the probe is minimized due to ease of flexibility and small cross section of the sensor. Foreign body reaction is diminished due to a microscopically rough porous probe surface.

A method for transmitting digital beamformed signals in a transmit array antenna apparatus utilizing a single transceiver with one power amplifier, one up-frequency converter and one digital-to-analog converter for said array transmit antenna apparatus comprising the steps of: generating a first set of direct-sequence spread spectrum codes; generating a plurality of weights, each weight being a beamforming amplitude and phase or delay for each element; generating a direct-sequence spread spectrum multiplexed signal containing such weights while using one of such first-set codes per element; converting such an multiplexed signal to a convenient radio frequency; amplifying and transmitting such a multiplexed radio frequency signal to the elements; generating a second set of direct-sequence spread spectrum codes; extracting a radio frequency signal with direction-bearing weight information at each element while using a subset of codes from the second set; generating a third set of direct-sequence spread spectrum codes at each element; transmitting a signal with array gain beamformed towards a specific direction while using a transmit array apparatus composed of spaced elements, such a transmit beamformed signal being a radio frequency signal, a direct-sequence spread spectrum radio frequency signal containing a subset of codes from the third set, or a sequence of radio frequency pulses that have short duration and high power.

The invention is a device for multi-band, multi-channel, wireless communications that automatically provides signal amplification when and where necessary, and that automatically avoids harmful interference to base stations and other parts of the communications infrastructure. The device is especially suitable for, but not limited to, cellular and PCS bands and channels. The invention is a unique combination of an adjustable gain, bidirectional amplifier, a GPS receiver, a processor, and one or more removable, non-volatile, updatable memory devices. Alternatively, the memory can be an internal device accessible via an electronic port such as a USB. In either case, the memory stores comprehensive information that determines if amplification is necessary at a particular location sensed by the GPS receiver. Because the memory devices are updatable, they therefore provide protection against piracy and unauthorized and improper use. As an added measure of protection for the wireless networks, the device includes a dedicated apparatus that permits a service technician to remotely deactivate it in the event of a malfunction.

A method and apparatus for sensing and measuring stress waves. The method comprises the steps of: a.) sensing motion, where the motion comprises a stress wave component and a vibration component; b.) separating the stress wave component from the vibration component with a high pass filter to create a signal proportional to the stress wave; c.) amplifying the signal to create an amplified signal; d.) processing the amplified signal with a sample and hold peak detector over a predetermined interval of time to determine peaks of the amplified signal over said predetermined period of time; e.) creating an output signal proportional to the determined peaks of the amplified signal; and, f.) repeating steps d.) and e.). The invention also includes an apparatus for implementing the method of the invention.

A nitride semiconductor device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a non-doped first aluminum gallium nitride (AlxGa1-xN (0≦x≦1)) layer which is formed as a channel layer; a non-doped or n type second aluminum gallium nitride (AlyGa1-yN (0≦y≦1, x <y)) layer which is formed on the first aluminum gallium nitride layer as a barrier layer; an aluminum nitride (AlN) film which is formed on the second aluminum gallium nitride layer as a gate insulating film lower layer; an aluminum oxide (AL2O3) film which is formed on the aluminum nitride film as a gate insulating film upper layer; a source electrode and a drain electrode which are formed as first and second main electrodes to be electrically connected to the second aluminum gallium nitride layer, respectively; and a gate electrode which is formed on the aluminum oxide film as a control electrode.

A speaker system for a musical instrument that detects the displacement of a voice coil of a speaker and provides feedback processing. The speaker system has a preamp that alters the frequency characteristics of the an electrical signal that has been input to an input terminal, and a power amplifier that amplifies the electrical signal. A speaker is driven by the power amplifier and a feedback unit detects the displacement of the speaker and provides a feedback signal to the power amplifier. The power amplifier amplifies the electrical signal in conformance with the output of the preamp and the feedback signal.

An apparatus and method for providing a centralized speaker system that allows multiple speakers connected to a central amplifier speaker line to be monitored and controlled from a central location via a master / slave protocol. The centralized speaker system comprises a central station for selectively communicating at least one of a command and an information signal to a destination device. A tone generator is adapted to communicate an activation tone to the destination device. An amplifier, which is colocated with the central station, is adapted to amplify the signals to the destination device.

Disclosed embodiments comprise a computer device comprising communication apparatus operatively configured for boosting communication signals to prevent cancerous diseases and to provide interactive user interface. The communication apparatus is further configured to convert sound waves, vibrations, solar energy, wind force and pressure force into electrical energy communicable to a battery cell. Disclosed embodiment encompasses three modes of communications—the Cell phone, wireless Internet applications, and Global communication and information. Embodiments provide communication apparatus operable to enhance mobile communication efficiency with touch sensitive display and energy platform configured with memories, processors, modules, and including advanced vehicular computing and media applications for in-vehicle interactive communications and wireless Internet applications. Embodiments further provide a communication apparatus comprising a gaming device, a wireless media device with visor screen configured with touch pads comprising sensors being embedded in silicon substrate and fused in micro fiber material having excellent electrical characteristics. Certain embodiments provide communication apparatus configured for voice enabled applications comprising human voice auditory operable to convert text to voice auditory and / or voice auditory to text applications, providing signal amplification with better data and graphical transmission. Embodiments further provide a communication apparatus comprising a media device configured for various communications and Internet applications.

Methods and compositions are provided that include a multichromophore and / or multichromophore complex for identifying a target biomolecule. A sensor biomolecule, for example, an antibody can be covalently linked to the multichromophore. Additionally, a signaling chromophore can be covalently linked to the multichromophore. The arrangement is such that the signaling chromophore is capable of receiving energy from the multichromophore upon excitation of the multichromophore. Since the sensor biomolecule is capable of interacting with the target biomolecule, the multichromophore and / or multichromophore complex can provide enhanced detection signals for a target biomolecule.

A new method and system for adapting standard home network protocol communication signals for communication between networked computation devices over the AC power line is provided. This invention provides improvements to the standard home network protocol required for use over the AC power line, including such features as encrypting, signal amplification and improved signal to noise ratio.

The speed of a fan motor is controlled by varying a DC voltage to the fan motor. A series pass transistor is used to vary the DC voltage to the fan motor. A power management controller sets the fan motor speed by outputting pulses to a pulse-to-DC voltage converter that changes the pulses to a proportional DC control voltage for controlling the series pass transistor. A tachometer output amplifier circuit is used to remove DC components and amplify to useful logic levels a low level tachometer output signal from the fan motor. The amplified tachometer signal is used by the power management controller in controlling the rotational speed of the fan motor.

The present invention relates to a molecular probe capable of high sensitivity and high specificity detection of target nucleic acid in a sample. Also disclosed is a detection method using this probe.

A 3D pulsed laser projection system scans an object to produce a dense 3D point cloud and projects a laser light beam onto an object as a glowing template. A high-sensitivity optical feedback system receives and detects a feedback beam of the output beam light diffusely reflected from the object. The feedback light and projected beam share the same beam path between steering mirrors and the object. A light suppression component controls stray scattered light, including ambient light, from being detected. A time-of-flight measurement subsystem provides a distance-to-object measurement for projected pulses. An acousto-optical modulator, variable gain detected signal amplification and variable photo-detector power together produce a dynamic range for detected reflected feedback signals of at least 100,000, and up to 500,000. Optical fiber cables spatially filter scattered light and isolate the photo-detectors thermally. The laser is preferably pulsed at least 50 kHz, with sampling of the projected and feedback reflected optical pulse signals at a sampling rate of up to 10 gigasamples per second.

Disclosed is a compact, microprocessor-controlled instrument for fluorometric assays in liquid samples, the instrument having a floating stage with docking bay for receiving a microfluidic cartridge and a scanning detector head with on-board embedded microprocessor operated under control of a ODAP daemon resident in the detector head for controlling source LEDs, emission signal amplification and filtering in an isolated, low noise, high-gain environment within the detector head. Multiple optical channels may be incorporated in the scanning head. In a preferred configuration, the assay is validated using dual channel optics for monitoring a first fluorophore associated with a target analyte and a second fluorophore associated with a control. Applications include molecular biological assays based on PCR amplification of target nucleic acids and fluorometric assays in general, many of which require temperature control during detection.

Circuitry for monitoring the operation of an optoelectronic transceiver includes a sequence of interconnected signal processing circuits for processing an analog input signal and producing a digital result signal, where the analog signal represents one or more operating conditions of the optoelectronic transceiver. The sequence of signal processing circuits include gain circuitry for amplifying or attenuating the analog input signal by a gain value to produce a scaled analog signal, an analog to digital converter for converting the scaled analog signal into a first digital signal, and digital adjustment circuitry for digitally adjusting the first digital signal to produce the digital result signal. The digital adjustment circuitry includes shifting circuitry configured to shift an input digital signal in accordance with a shift value so as to produce a digital shifted signal. The digital result signal is stored in memory in predefined locations accessible by a host.

An amplification system and method is provided that reduces peaks associated with an input signal, and provides correction, in one or more spectral bands, to signal distortion and out-of-band emissions that result from the peak reduction. The correction signal that removes signal distortion and OOB emissions associated with the peak reduction can be calculated or electronically derived. The correction signal can be combined with the peak reduced signal prior to or after amplification of the peak reduced input signal.

The invention provides a short distance transmission system for wireless electromagnetic wave signals of a downhole near bit and a short distance transmission method, and belongs to the field of geosteering systems and measurement while drilling instruments in industries such as petroleum, mines and geological prospecting. The automatic gain control technology is adopted in the short distance transmission system for realizing the automatic adjustment of enlargement factors of downhole weak signals. The short distance transmission system comprises a short section receiving assembly and a short section transmitting assembly, wherein the short section receiving assembly and the short section transmitting assembly are respectively provided with a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna. Due to the fact that radial coupled antennas are adopted, the short distance transmission system is relatively simple in structure. Meanwhile, the short distance transmission system is high in arithmetic speed and can meet demands for real-time transmission of a large number of signals. Moreover, a front end processing module special for the downhole weak signals is utilized for carrying out the automatic gain adjustment to the collected signals, maintaining stable output of the signals and lowering processing difficulty of subsequent signals, and therefore the signal transmission quality is greatly improved.

A power amplifier system for high efficiency signal amplification of digitally modulated carrier signal or multi-carrier signals is disclosed. The linearity of the amplifier is improved by providing dynamic load line adjustments through implementation of suitably defined transfer functions employing dynamic control of operational aspects of active devices in the power amplifier.

The present disclosure provides a bio-field effect transistor (BioFET) and a method of fabricating a BioFET device. The method includes forming a BioFET using one or more process steps compatible with or typical to a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. The BioFET device may include a substrate; a gate structure disposed on a first surface of the substrate and an interface layer formed on the second surface of the substrate. The interface layer may allow for a receptor to be placed on the interface layer to detect the presence of a biomolecule or bio-entity. An amplification factor of the BioFET device may be provided by a difference in capacitances associated with the gate structure on the first surface and with the interface layer formed on the second surface.

The invention provides compositions and methods for the detection and / or quantification of biological targets (e.g., nucleic acids and proteins) by the nucleic acid-templated creation of one or more reaction products, for example, epitopes, enzyme substrates, enzyme activators, and ligands. The reaction products can be detected and / or quantitated after signal amplification using an amplification system.

Described herein are methods, compositions and articles of manufacture involving neutral conjugated polymers including methods for synthesis of neutral conjugated water-soluble polymers with linkers along the polymer main chain structure and terminal end capping units. Such polymers may serve in the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices and in the development of highly efficient biosensors. The invention further relates to the application of these polymers in assay methods.

Disclosed herein are diagnostic assays using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active particles, including liquid-based assays; magnetic capture assays; microparticle-nanoparticle satellite structures for signal amplification in an assay; composite SERS-active particles useful for enhanced detection of targets; and sample tubes and processes for using the same.

A linear amplification with nonlinear components (LINC) power transmitter is provided. The LINC power transmitter includes a digital signal processing unit which controls the LINC power transmitter; a frequency modulation unit which modulates or converts a digital signal output from the digital signal processing unit into a radio-frequency (RF) signal; a signal amplification unit which amplifies the RF signal output from the frequency modulation unit using a gain amplifier and a power amplification module; and a direct current / direct current (DC / DC) conversion unit which controls bias of the power amplification module. Here, the DC / DC conversion unit controls a base bias and / or a collect bias of the power amplification module, and the power amplification module operates in saturation.

An audio apparatus includes: a connector that supports a multipolar plug including a plurality of plug terminals, the connector having a plurality of connector terminals including an input terminal of an audio collection section and an output terminal that outputs a noise canceling signal; a signal amplification section that amplifies a combined signal generated by combining the noise canceling signal and a reproduction audio signal, the signal amplification section being provided on an audio signal line that connects the input terminal and the output terminal; a detection section that detects whether the multipolar plug is inserted or pulled out by detecting change of voltage of a voltage supply line connected to the audio signal line; and a suppression section that suppresses output from the signal amplification section when the multipolar plug is pulled out but does not suppress the output when the multipolar plug is inserted.

The present invention provides a compact and low-cost high-frequency power amplifier including GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) but having a low level of noise in the transmission band. In the high-frequency power amplifier of the present invention, a chip capacitor 21 is connected at one end to an upstream stage bias circuit 107 via a bonding wire B1, and grounded at the other end. Also, a chip inductor 22 is connected to a base electrode of a high-frequency signal amplification HBT 101 via a bonding wire B2. In the high-frequency power amplifier of the present invention, the chip capacitor 21 causes noise generated within the upstream stage bias circuit 107 to flow to the ground, thereby reducing noise in the reception band. Also, the chip inductor 22 reduces a power loss of a high-frequency signal which is caused because the high-frequency signal flows to the ground.