46 results about "Array gain" patented technology

The technology described herein is directed towards a metasurface (reconfigurable intelligent surface) that can be used to redirect signals to and from non-terrestrial network satellites. The metasurface can be passive, and provide signal array gain with respect to indoor user equipment sending and receiving signals to and from the network satellites. The metasurface can be portable for use in various scenarios. Further, the metasurface can be configured to operate in a transmission mode, in which incoming signal is passed through the metasurface, or can be reconfigured to operate in a reflection mode, in which incoming signal is reflected by the metasurface. Different phase shifts of the metasurface's unit cells result in array gain through constructive interference, by refraction in the transmission mode, or reflection in the reflection mode. The presence or absence of a removable back plane determines the transmission or reflection operating mode of the metasurface.

Wireless communication assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface under near-field propagation faces the problem of array gain loss, and the increase of system capacity is limited. In order to further improve the communication system capacity of a large-scale intelligent reflecting surface (XL-RIS) in a near field and compensate for serious path loss, the invention provides a multi-user wireless communication system assisted by optimally deploying the large-scale intelligent reflecting surface, so that the near field range is further expanded, and the system capacity is improved. And the XL-RIS topological structure and the beam design are jointly optimized by taking the minimization of the beam gain error expected by the user as a target. In order to solve the non-convex problem, a self-adaptive tabu search algorithm, a Major-Minimization (MM) algorithm and the like are used for converting the sub-problems, and then alternate iterative optimization is carried out on the sub-problems. Particularly, on the premise that hardware cost is not increased, extra spatial freedom is obtained through selection of element positions, the user sum rate is effectively improved, and beam pointing is closer to the direction expected by the user. A simulation result verifies the effectiveness of the method, and a new solution thought is provided for the application of the XL-RIS in a near field communication system.

The application provides an avalanche photodiode focal plane array pixel gain simulation method and device, the method comprises the following steps: respectively under dark field conditions and light field conditions, a varying bias voltage is applied to an avalanche photodiode focal plane array, and a dark current response curve and a photocurrent response curve of an anode current of a pixel unit in the focal plane array are obtained respectively; under different bias voltages, a signal difference between the dark current response curve and the photocurrent response curve is extracted, and the pixel gain of the pixel unit is determined according to the signal difference. The pixel gain simulation method provided by the application can accurately obtain the pixel gain and is suitable for a silicon-based APD focal plane detector array with different pixel unit structures. In addition, the method can reveal the influence of internal electric field distribution changes caused by factors such as bias voltage on the array gain, thereby providing a theoretical basis and technical path for device optimization design in actual application scenarios.

Techniques are provided for enabling user equipment (UE) positioning based on angle estimation in millimeter wave (mmW) bands. An example method for determining a position of a mobile device includes sending array gain information to a network entity, the array gain information including beam pattern information based at least in part on a sub-band and a state of the mobile device (1402), receiving one or more reference signals in one or more sub-bands, wherein a receive beam for each of the one or more reference signals is based at least in part on a sub-band in which the one or more reference signals are received and a current state of the mobile device (1404), determining a measurement based on the one or more reference signals (1406), and determining the position of the mobile device based at least in part on the measurement.

The invention provides a silicon-erbium-doped lithium niobate photon calculation chip, which adopts a wafer-to-wafer bonding mode, realizes heterogeneous integration of silicon and erbium-doped lithium niobate, and integrates devices such as a gain type delay array, a gain type electro-optical modulator, an interlayer coupler, a waveguide cross junction, a silicon-based phase shift array and an end face coupler in a monolithic manner. Complicated inter-chip coupling technology and optical interconnection steps are not needed, and inter-chip coupling loss is effectively avoided. The advantages of optical amplification on an erbium-doped lithium niobate sheet are fully exerted, so that the gain type electro-optical modulator and loss type devices such as a waveguide gain type delay line have gain performance, optical loss on the sheet is further compensated, and meanwhile, the signal processing speed and the capacity of executing complex calculation tasks are remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the advantages of high integration level and mature process of silicon are exerted; the advantage of high-speed electro-optical modulation of lithium niobate is exerted, the limitation of a single material platform on the integration scale is broken through, and high-density integration of devices is achieved.

The location of the mobile device is estimated using angle-based positioning measurements. These measurements are generated using transmit (Tx) or receive (Rx) beams from one or more base stations generating beams over an ultra-wide bandwidth that introduces frequency and spatial distortion and attenuation in the array gain response. Variations in the array gain distribution as a function of angle and frequency for the set of beam weights used in beamforming are transmitted to indicate frequency and spatial distortion. The array gain distribution variation for a subband that serves as a portion of the allocated bandwidth for the base station can be provided to the mobile device in auxiliary data, or an aggregation of array gain distribution variations for multiple subbands of the allocated bandwidth can be provided to the mobile device to reduce the burden on signaling.

The present invention discloses a waterproof and earthquake-resistant dual-oscillator array gain antenna for high-vibration scenarios, which includes a back cover, a reflector, and an antenna cover. The upper surface of the reflector is connected with a radiation unit, on which there are eight oscillator units arranged in a rectangular array of four rows and two columns. A feeder line is connected between two adjacent oscillator units. A connector is installed at the bottom of the back cover. The oscillator unit includes a first oscillator and a second oscillator which are arranged in opposite directions and at intervals. The first oscillator includes a first oscillator arm, a first support plate, and a metal strip. The second oscillator includes a second oscillator arm and a second support plate. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The waterproof effect of the antenna is achieved through the back cover, the sealing ring, and the antenna cover. By using the angle design of the reflecting side plate, the directional gain of the antenna is improved. The cooperation of multiple oscillator units and the integrated network enhances the gain of the antenna, reduces the standing wave ratio of the antenna, improves the radiation energy balance, and is firmly fixed and has the characteristic of anti-vibration.

Improving transmitter Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) may be provided. Improving EIRP may include sending a trigger frame to a client and receiving an uplink transmission from the client in response. A client Transmission (TX) power and a Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) associated with the client may be determined using the uplink transmission. Next, a client location may be determined. A pathloss associated with the client may be determined using the client location and the uplink transmission. A directional gain may then be determined using the client TX power, the pathloss, and the RSSI. An array gain is determined based on the directional gain. An Access Point (AP) TX power is adjusted based on the array gain.

This invention belongs to the field of spherical array layout design, and discloses a broadband high-gain spherical array layout method based on co-frame design, according to the upper limit f of the operating frequency of the closely packed spherical array. max Calculate the approximate element spacing d0 = (c / f max Step 2: Based on the array space, calculate the maximum diameter R, vertical height H, and vertical arc length L of the spherical array. H This invention addresses the problem of insufficient low-frequency gain caused by the limited installation space of spherical arrays. By using a design that combines a vector sparse spherical array with a scalar close-packed conformal array, it achieves high low-frequency gain, enabling it to have broadband high array gain with only a slight increase in the number of preprocessing channels, thus meeting the requirements for full-band detection.

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted wireless communication in near-field propagation suffers from array gain loss, which limits the improvement of system capacity. To further improve the system capacity of large-scale RIS (XL-RIS) assisted wireless communication in near-field and compensate for the severe path loss, an optimized deployment of XL-RIS assisted multi-user wireless communication system is proposed to further expand the near-field range and improve the system capacity. The joint optimization of XL-RIS topology and beam design is performed to minimize the user's expected beam gain error. To solve this non-convex problem, the adaptive tabu search algorithm and Majorization-Minimization (MM) algorithm are used to alternately optimize the transformed sub-problems. Especially, without increasing the hardware cost, the selection of element positions obtains additional spatial degrees of freedom, effectively improves the user and rate, and makes the beam pointing closer to the user's expected direction. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which provides a new solution for the application of XL-RIS in near-field communication systems.

The utility model discloses a hybrid multi-beam antenna array structure, and aims to solve the problems of complex layout, poor directional diagram indexes of two frequency bands, large number of arrays and high cost of the conventional antenna array. The structure comprises a reflecting plate, two columns of first intermediate frequency oscillator units, four columns of second intermediate frequency oscillator units and two columns of low frequency oscillator units are installed on the upper surface of the reflecting plate, and the two columns of first intermediate frequency oscillator units are located on the sides, away from each other, of the two columns of low frequency oscillator units. The four columns of second intermediate frequency oscillator units are located on the sides, close to each other, of the two columns of low frequency oscillator units. The hybrid multi-beam antenna array is concise in layout, adopts a Butler matrix mode, adopts four rows of parallel oscillators in parallel and horizontal staggered array formation for double beams, adopts bridge connection, has few cables and few welding spots, adopts PCB planar oscillators to be embedded in an intermediate-frequency array for low frequency, and meanwhile, two rows of conventional beams are arranged on two sides at 65 degrees, so that the array gain is improved, the number of the oscillators is reduced, and the cost is reduced. The production is easy and the cost is lower.

The application discloses a ship radiated noise power spectrum measurement method based on frequency difference beam forming, comprising the following steps: obtaining a to-be-measured radiated noise signal received by a base array; constructing a difference frequency signal through the conjugate product of the to-be-measured radiated noise signal and a reference frequency signal; performing beam forming on the constructed difference frequency signal based on the difference frequency, and calculating the amplitude of the beam output signal of the difference frequency signal; correcting the amplitude of the beam output signal of the difference frequency signal by using the amplitude of the reference frequency signal to obtain the amplitude of the to-be-measured radiated noise signal, and calculating the power spectrum of the to-be-measured radiated noise signal. The application converts the signal outside the design frequency band of the base array to the inside of the design frequency band to perform beam forming, improves the array gain, better suppresses the environmental noise, improves the measurement performance of the base array on the radiated noise outside the design frequency band, greatly expands the frequency band width of the ship radiated noise measurement, and can realize the measurement of the radiated noise with a larger bandwidth by using a smaller aperture array.

Various embodiments are directed to systems, apparatus and methods providing an ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna configured to conform to a doubly curved surface and having an operating wavelength λ, the UWB antenna comprising: an array of electrically cooperating antennas emanating outward from a base region to respective locations of an outer surface region conforming to the doubly curved surface, the area of the outer surface region being divided in accordance with a mesh of unit cells defining thereby a plurality of edges, each of the unit cells having a unit cell minimum area selected in accordance with a desired array gain; wherein for each antenna the respective location of the outer surface region to which the antenna extends is associated with a respective one of the plurality of edges defined by the mesh of unit cells.

The present invention provides a RIS-assisted low-complexity terahertz beamforming communication system and method, including a base station, a RIS system, and a user equipment; the RIS system aggregates terahertz near-field beam splitting to achieve beam focusing in a preset user direction. The present invention uses the RIS system to assist the information transmission of the terahertz system, uses a double-layer delay network to implement RIS beamforming, alleviates the near-field beam splitting phenomenon, increases the beam array gain in the user direction, and approaches the optimal performance.

The invention provides an array super-gain weak target detection method based on an adaptive diagonal beam spectrum. According to the invention, on the basis of the bispectrum diagonal slicing idea, the array gain is improved by processing the high-order spectrum information of the target signal in the beam forming process, and the background noise is effectively suppressed; meanwhile, by introducing self-adaptive weight design based on diagonal loading, interference of strong target side lobes is effectively suppressed, and the angle resolution of the algorithm is improved. In a word, the method provided by the invention can improve the array gain level, can effectively suppress the interference of a strong target sidelobe, and improves the detection capability of a weak target.

The invention provides a towed line array deep-sea depth-of-field division method based on array gain and direction finding precision, which utilizes a deep-sea target mirror image linear propagation model, introduces an arrival pitch angle on the basis of considering array gain performance, and simultaneously determines the depth of field of field according to the distribution of the arrival pitch angles of main sound rays at different distances and the influence of the arrival pitch angle on the deep-sea direction finding precision. And the depth-of-field division based on array gain and the depth-of-field division based on azimuth direction finding precision are fused to form the depth-of-field division method for the deep-sea towed linear array. While the array gain is ensured, the azimuth direction finding precision is controlled within a certain interval.

The invention provides a three-dimensional wave beam squint suppression method based on a four-layer time delayer architecture, aims at solving the problem that the array gain is reduced by a wave beam squint effect in broadband millimeter wave communication, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The method comprises the following steps: performing singular value decomposition on a frequency domain channel matrix, and extracting dominant right singular vectors as an optimal beam forming matrix, wherein the number of the dominant right singular vectors is equal to that of data streams; decomposing an array response vector of the UPA into two parts in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction; time delay vectors of the first layer and the second layer TTD in the vertical direction and time delay vectors of the first layer and the second layer TTD in the horizontal direction are calculated, and time delay values are quantized; combining phase shifts generated by the time delay value into an analog beam forming vector; and solving an analog beam forming matrix and a digital beam forming matrix by using a broadband sparse reconstruction algorithm. According to the method, the power consumption of the analog beam former in the broadband millimeter wave communication system is reduced, and a better beam squint suppression effect can be realized.

The invention discloses a composite differential beam forming method based on a small-scale vector vertical array under the influence of a multipath effect, belongs to the technical field of sonar array signal processing, and solves the problem of array gain reduction caused by signal coherence superposition of a traditional differential beam forming method under the multipath effect in the prior art. According to the invention, a small-scale vector vertical array is constructed to obtain sound pressure and vibration velocity signals, a spatial smoothing MUSIC algorithm is used to estimate a multipath signal incident pitch angle, an explicit expression of a composite steering vector and a weighted vector is constructed, and composite differential beam forming is realized to obtain array gain. According to the method, the problem that the array gain of traditional differential beam forming is reduced under the multipath effect is relieved, multipath interference in waveguides can be processed, the weighted vector is unified with an existing method, the method can adapt to different scenes, and the robustness and adaptability of an underwater sonar system in the multipath environment are enhanced.

A method and apparatus are provided for sharing dynamic calibration capability levels with other devices in a network. The apparatus sends a first calibration capability message indicating a first set of one or more levels of calibration capability to a second UE. The apparatus performs an online calibration procedure with the second UE based at least on the first calibration capability message of the first set indicating one or more levels of the calibration capabilities. The apparatus may receive, from the second UE, a second calibration capability message associated with the second UE indicating a second set of one or more levels of the calibration capabilities of the second UE. The apparatus may send a beamforming loss indication indicating a loss of beamforming array gain using an uncalibrated amplitude or phase setting corresponding to at least one of an operating frequency, a temperature level, or a gain stage level.

A broadband space-time anti-jamming method for reconstructing the direction vector, and its implementation steps are as follows: (1) Establish a space-time uniform linear array model; (2) Divide the entire target signal frequency band into I frequency sub-bands, and reconstruct the desired signal direction vector c for each frequency sub-band i ; (3) According to the reconstructed sub-band direction vector c i , further construct the constraint matrix C; (4) Establish the linear constraint minimum variance criterion expression of the broadband signal space-time anti-jamming filtering algorithm; (5) Use the Lagrange multiplier method to solve the optimal weight expression as w opt ; (6) The array beam synthesis outputs the received signal after anti-jamming. The present invention can achieve the suppression of broadband interference signals, maintain the flatness of the in-band array gain of the broadband desired signal, and has the advantages of small degrees of freedom consumption and simple algorithm. The present invention can be applied to fields such as broadband satellite communication

The invention discloses a decomposition deconvolution beam forming method based on subspace clustering, and belongs to the field of direction of arrival estimation in passive detection. According to the invention, the problem of poor target discovery capability of the existing deconvolution beam forming algorithm is solved. According to the spectral clustering-based subspace decomposition method provided by the invention, the covariance matrix can be adaptively decomposed into the strong signal subspace and the weak signal subspace according to the size of the characteristic value without estimating the number of information sources, so that the problem of array gain reduction of a traditional deconvolution beam forming algorithm in a strong interference scene is solved; and the target discovery capability is improved. According to the DOA estimation method provided by the invention, null constraint deconvolution beam forming and a signal-to-noise ratio-based fusion algorithm are introduced, so that energy leaked to weak signal subspace components by interference can be effectively suppressed under non-ideal conditions, the influence of strong interference on a weak target can be effectively suppressed, and the robustness of the algorithm and the target discovery capability are improved. The method can be applied to direction-of-arrival estimation in passive detection.

Method and apparatus for sharing dynamic capability levels of calibration to other devices in a network. The apparatus transmits, to a second UE, a first calibration capability message indicating a first set of one or more levels of calibration capabilities. The apparatus performs an online calibration procedure with the second UE based at least on the first calibration capability message indicating the first set of one or more levels of the calibration capabilities. The apparatus may receive, from the second UE, a second calibration capability message associated with the second UE indicating a second set of one or more levels of the calibration capabilities for the second UE. The apparatus may transmit a beamforming loss indication indicating a loss in beamforming array gain with use of an uncalibrated amplitude or phase settings corresponding to at least one of an operating frequency, a temperature level, or a gain stage level.

The application discloses a two-dimensional array pulse self-synchronization wafer laser structure, which comprises an inner resonant cavity composed of a first reflecting layer, a saturable absorber, a wafer array gain medium and a second reflecting layer, and an outer resonant cavity composed of a phase grating structure layer and a third reflecting layer, and the inner resonant cavity and the outer resonant cavity form a composite resonant cavity; a pump light source emits pump light which is injected into the composite resonant cavity through a pump module, passes through the wafer array gain medium multiple times, and generates array oscillation laser in the inner resonant cavity; simultaneously, the saturable absorber absorbs and modulates the array oscillation laser, starts and maintains the array pulse operation; the array laser pulse enters the outer resonant cavity through the second reflecting layer, the phase grating structure layer causes the array pulse laser to be coupled, the array pulse laser returns to the inner resonant cavity through the third reflecting layer to be mutually injected, modulated and locked, the array pulse laser is synchronously operated in the composite resonant cavity, the collective mode laser pulse is formed, and the self-synchronized high-energy coherent array pulse output is realized.

This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: when no transmission of a downlink signal or a downlink channel is performed at a time domain location of a first resource through m transmit channels, switching the m transmit channels to o receive channels, where the o receive channels and the m transmit channels correspond to a same antenna element; and receiving, on the first resource, an uplink signal and / or an uplink channel from at least one terminal device through o+n receive channels, where m, o, and n are positive integers. The method may be applied to a subband full duplex technology to increase an array gain for an uplink signal.

The embodiment of the invention provides an array gain calculation method and device for a deep-sea near-sea-surface vertical array buoy, and relates to the technical field of array signal processing. The method is applied to a vertical array buoy and comprises the following steps: acquiring related parameters of the vertical array buoy and noise source parameters; calculating a first contribution value of near-field noise to noise cross-spectrum density and a second contribution value of far-field noise to noise cross-spectrum density based on the vertical array buoy related parameters and the noise source parameters; determining a noise cross-spectral density matrix based on the first contribution value and the second contribution value; determining the noise directivity gain of the vertical array buoy based on the beam scanning pitch angle and the noise source parameter; determining the signal directivity gain of the vertical array buoy based on the beam scanning pitch angle, the received signal and the signal cross-spectral density matrix; based on the noise directivity gain and the signal directivity gain, the array directivity gain of the vertical array buoy is determined, and then the array gain of the vertical array buoy is determined. According to the invention, the accuracy of array gain calculation can be improved.

This invention discloses a broadband array gain prediction method based on acoustic field spatial correlation correction. This method utilizes marine environmental data for acoustic field modeling, calculates the channel frequency response function from the target to each array element position, estimates the correlation coefficient of the received signal after channel distortion, and forms a signal correlation coefficient matrix. Furthermore, it uses an isotropic noise field model to estimate the inter-channel noise correlation coefficient after the processed frequency band deviates from the ideal frequency, forming a noise correlation coefficient matrix. Finally, it uses the two correlation coefficient matrices to calculate the array gain. This method can effectively reflect the coupling between the underwater acoustic array and the actual marine environment during operation, and can improve the accuracy of the array gain calculation results.

The technology described herein is directed towards subdividing a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) into rectangular portions of subarrays of unit cells, which can be magnetically coupled subarray modules, for different functions / operations. The subdividing can be dynamic, such as based on different performance-based allocations, and each portion can have a separate directivity and / or array gain. Control signal data from a base station or user equipment instructs a tile controller for the RIS to change the respective numbers of unit cells for the various respective functions / operations, which can include a receive-and-forward function from the base station via the RIS to user equipment, and a receive-and-forward function from the user equipment via the RIS to the base station. There can be one subarray for receiving control information at the RIS from the base station, and one subarray for transmitting control information from the RIS back to the base station.

The invention relates to a miniature 3D vector hydrophone, and the hydrophone comprises a sound pressure P channel which is formed by connecting two piezoelectric circular tubes with opposite polarizations in series, and is used for sensing sound wave pressure; the X channel and the Y channel are used for sensing horizontal component sound wave vibration acceleration; the Z channel is used for sensing vertical component sound wave vibration acceleration; the four channels, the upper end cover and the lower end cover form a miniature cylinder, and signals of the four channels are output through a wiring terminal. A watertight layer is poured outside the whole cylinder and used for isolating external fluid. According to the invention, the problem of dimension miniaturization of the vector sensor is solved, the acoustic performance of the vector sensor is not lost, the vector sensor can be easily installed in a towed line array to form a vector towed line array sonar, and the array gain of the towed line hole is improved.

Provided in the present disclosure are communication methods, a communication apparatus, a communication device, a storage medium and a communication system. A method is executed by a network device, and the method comprises: receiving one or more pieces of first information sent by a terminal, wherein the first information is used for indicating the magnitude of an array gain loss of a first beam, which is sent by the network device to the terminal.

The invention discloses a multi-subarray digital beam forming method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: firstly dividing an antenna array containing M array elements into K subarrays, generating a group of channel scrambling sequences for each subarray, inputting P channels of each subarray in the K subarrays into K combiners according to the channel scrambling sequences, and forming a multi-subarray digital beam; each combiner combines the scrambled channel signals of the K sub-arrays and outputs P paths of combined signals, finally, the array manifold corresponding to each sub-array is adopted for digital beam forming, Q beams are formed, the beam of each sub-array forms a main lobe in the corresponding detection airspace, and the array manifolds of the other sub-arrays cannot form grating lobes due to channel scrambling. An array is divided into a plurality of sub-arrays, channel sequences of different sub-arrays are scrambled and then combined, and combined signals are used for digital beam forming, so that processing resources are reduced to 1 / K of the original resources on the premise that array gain is not affected, and the cost-effectiveness ratio is greatly improved.