390 results about "Sparse array" patented technology

Exemplary embodiments provide systems and methods for portable medical ultrasound imaging. Preferred embodiments utilize a tablet touchscreen display operative to control imaging and display operations without the need for using traditional keyboards or controls. Certain embodiments provide ultrasound imaging system in which the scan head includes a beamformer circuit that performs far field sub array beamforming or includes a sparse array selecting circuit that actuates selected elements. Exemplary embodiments also provide an ultrasound engine circuit board including one or more multi-chip modules, and a portable medical ultrasound imaging system including an ultrasound engine circuit board with one or more multi-chip modules. Exemplary embodiments also provide methods for using a hierarchical two-stage or three-stage beamforming system, three dimensional ultrasound images which can be generated in real-time.

An active protection system comprising an ultra wideband (UWB) radar for threat detection, an optical tracker for precision threat position measurement, and a high powered laser for threat kill or mitigation. The UWB radar may use a sparse array antenna and may also utilize Doppler radar information. The high powered laser may be of the optically pumped solid state type and in one embodiment may share optics with the optical tracker. In one embodiment, the UWB radar is used to focus the high power laser. Alternative interceptor type kill mechanisms are disclosed. In a further embodiment, the kill mechanism may be directed to the source of the threat. In a further embodiment, an antenna array is steered by using subarray groups having fixed timing within the group and variable timing from group to group.

A system and method for highly selective intrusion detection using a sparse array of ultra wideband (UWB) radars. Two or more UWB radars are arranged in a sparse array around an area to be protected. Each UWB radar transmits ultra wideband pulses that illuminate the area to be protected. Signal return data is processed to determine, among other things, whether an alarm condition has been triggered. High resolution radar images are formed that give an accurate picture of the area to be protected. This image is used to detect motion in a highly selective manner and to track moving objects within the protected area. Motion can be distinguished based on criteria appropriate to the environment in which the intrusion detection system operates.

The present invention relates to an ultrasound imaging system in which the scan head includes a beamformer circuit that performs far field subarray beamforming or includes a sparse array selecting circuit that actuates selected elements. When using a hierarchical two-stage or three-stage beamforming system, three dimensional ultrasound images can be generated in real-time. The invention further relates to flexible printed circuit boards in the probe head. The invention furthermore relates to the use of coded or spread spectrum signalling in ultrasound imaging systems. Matched filters based on pulse compression using Golay code pairs improve the signal-to-noise ratio thus enabling third harmonic imaging with suppressed sidelobes. The system is suitable for 3D full volume cardiac imaging.

An active protection system comprising an ultrawideband radar for threat detection, an optical tracker for precision threat position measurement, and a high powered laser for threat kill or mitigation. The uwb radar may use a sparse array antenna and may also utilize Doppler radar information. The high powered laser may be of the optically pumped solid state type and in one embodiment may share optics with the optical tracker. In one embodiment, the UWB radar is used to focus the high power laser. Alternative interceptor type kill mechanisms are disclosed. In a further embodiment, the kill mechanism may be directed to the source of the threat.

The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna array arranging optimization, especially to an optimal arranging method of antenna arrays of a sub-array level, and relates to a sparse sub-array and sparse array element antenna array integrated arranging method based on a heredity algorithm. A sub-array level array idea and sparse array element arrangement are combined to establish an arranging model, the peak side-lobe level (PSLL) of the antenna array is set as a fitness function to establish an optimization model, and the heredity algorithm is employed to solve the optimal result of the optimization model. The combination of the sub-array level array idea and the sparse array element arrangement are combined to overcome the landform problem, sub-arrays can be flexibly divided for arrangement. The optimization method combining sparse sub-arrays and sparse array elements effectively lowers PSLL, which is substantially reduced when compared with a molecule array arranging method. The convergence speed of the method is five to ten times that of a conventional sparse array arranging method, and the convergence speed is substantially improved.

A sparse array that uses a small fraction of a fully populated array but yields a radiation pattern that is suitable for high quality medical imaging. The sparse array consists of two or more separate zones for transmitting and receiving as opposed to the overlapping arrays of the prior art. More specifically, a preferred embodiment sets forth an inner array of transmit elements with a narrow effective aperture and a separate non-overlapping outer array of receive elements with a wide effective aperture. The combination of asymmetric apertures is particularly useful for parallel processing applications. This abstract is provided as a tool for those searching for patents, and not as a limitation on the scope of the claims.

A progressive image display decoder and method of operation for wavelet encoded images achieves reduced memory storage requirements for wavelet transform coefficients and reduced execution time in displaying the image thereby overcoming the limitations of the prior art. Conveniently, a wavelet image format, typically DjVu IW44 facilitates progressive rendering and smooth scrolling of large color or gray level images with limited memory requirements. The progressive wavelet decoder is composed of two components. The first component decodes the incoming image data and updates an array of wavelet coefficients. The second component applies an inverse wavelet transform to the array of wavelet coefficients for the purpose of reconstructing the image. The operation of the first component (the decoder) is triggered by the incoming compressed image data. The received data is decoded and is used to apply updates to an array of wavelet coefficients. Each update improves the accuracy of the coefficients and therefore improves the fidelity of the reconstructed image. The coefficient array is composed of several two-dimensional arrays (one for each of the color components) having one entry corresponding to each 32x32 blocks in the image. Each entry contains 1024 wavelet coefficients organized as a sparse array with two levels of indirection. The operation of the second component (the renderer) is typically triggered when enough data has been received to display an updated version of the image, or when the user performs an action which requires displaying a new part of the image. In the latter case, the renderer only reconstructs the pixel values for the parts of the image, which are needed. A further reduction of the computation time is obtained by using "lifting" for implementing a fast inverse wavelet transform.

Techniques are provided for sparse array RF imaging for surveillance applications. The present invention enables object image identification using a sparsely populated array of distributed radio nodes deployed and operated as a radar detection, tracking and identification application. Three-dimensional object images are formed, from which estimates of extent and shape can be extracted for objects that are detected in the vicinity of the deployed radar array. In addition, techniques are provided for the identification and/or classification of vehicles, humans and fauna through feature extraction from the formed three-dimensional images.

Sparse arrays of transducer elements may be beneficial in providing ultrasound transducer probes with a wide total aperture while containing a manageable number of transducer elements. Sparse arrays made with bulk piezoelectric materials or with arrays of micro-elements can be effectively with ping-based multiple aperture ultrasound imaging techniques to perform real-time volumetric imaging.

Recent schemes have been accepted by NASA in its TPF program for simple sparse arrays. But these methods require a great deal of interferometric control of tip tilt and other motion. But with this invention we just need (actuated) flats on a parabola with a central focal point module. The mirrors will be on the order of a kilometer distant from that module so that tip tilt can be sensed (and then controled) by sensors on the module that also detect beam pointing. The actual (high SNR) star the planet is orbiting can be used for rapid Strehle ratio maximization so that NO laser interferometry is needed at all. Fine mirror control can be done by variable reflectivity of the backside of the mirrors. The mirrors can be placed at L2 so that their orbits are all the same. A lot of this multi space craft control has already been accomplished with the ESA "Cluster".

The invention discloses a MIMO radar antenna array sparse arraying method, which is based on almost difference sets and difference bases, and establishes a MIMO radar transmitting/ receiving array rapidly through enumeration shifting process. When all transmitting array elements transmit orthogonal signals simultaneously and receiving array elements receive echo signals simultaneously, a virtual array with even space can be established equivalently by utilizing a phase center approximation principle; number of the transmitting/ receiving array elements is given, the continuous aperture maximization of the equivalent virtual array can be realized according to the MIMO radar antenna array sparse arraying method, thereby improving spatial resolution of a MIMO radar system significantly; and the continuous apertures of the virtual array are given, and the minimization of number of the transmitting/ receiving array elements can be realized according to the MIMO radar antenna array sparse arraying method, thereby reducing hardware cost of the system significantly. The MIMO radar antenna array sparse arraying method has small computational complexity, and is applicable to establishment of MIMO radar sparse linear arrays and planar array.

The invention discloses an array sparse method for a broadband non-frequency-variable multi-beam imaging sonar. With the Bessel function, fitting of influences on array guiding vectors by different frequency points in the broadband signal bandwidth is performed and a broadband signal multi-beam forming model under the far-field situation is established; on the premise that the formed multiple beams approximate a reference beam, a minimum number of effective array elements are searched and multiple sets of weighting coefficients are calculated; a highly nonlinear sparse array optimization problem is transformed into a sparse signal reconstruction problem in the compressed sensing theory, a reconstruction weighting coefficient is calculated iteratively by an underdetermined system localizedsolution algorithm, and a sparse array structure is determined; a convex optimization theory is introduced so as to form a plurality of low-side-lobe beams and a multi-beam array sparse side-lobe suppression model for array element excitation is established. According to the invention, the main lobes of a plurality of formed beams are not extended with changes of signal operating frequencies; andpeak side-lobe levels of multiple beams formed by the sparse array are reduced effectively.

The invention provides a sparse array broadband beamforming grating lobe suppressing method. The method comprises a step 1 of performing frequency-domain broadband beamforming on array signals received by multiple array elements of a sparse array; a step 2 of predicting a grating lobe angle by using the orientation [theta]k of a strong interference target signal obtained in the step 1; a step 3 of resolving the start-stop range of the grating lobe of each frequency point according to the grating lobe angle [theta]kfj obtained in the step 2 and the main lobe width of each frequency point; a step 4 of computing a grating lobe suppression weight coefficient matrix Wk according to a grating lobe range obtained in the step 3; and a step 5 of suppressing the gratin lobe by using the grating lobe suppression weight coefficient matrix Wk obtained in the step 4 and a spatial spectrum output matrix P of each frequency point obtained in the step 1; and a step 6 of adding the spatial spectrum output matrix Pout after the grating lobe suppression in order to perform broadband spatial spectrum synthesis. The method solves broadband beamforming grating lobe influences caused by a common equal-interval sparse array and is used in signal processing field.

The invention belongs to a method for processing uniform ultra-sparse array antenna beam pointing fuzziness in the radar technology. The method comprises the steps of; performing initialization processing; performing directional transmission and reception by a first main lobe according to the set reference working frequency and two associated working frequency and pulse number in turn and performing comprehensive processing on the acquired three groups of target information so as to determine the existence of the target and removing pointing fuzziness caused by a grating lobe; when the target exists, inputting the angle and distance, speed and magnitude value of the target into a radar data processor together; and then repeatedly performing the processing on other main lobes so as to finish detection of the target on the pointing position of each main lobe. In the method, the angle range without grating lobe fuzziness is two times wider than that of two pieces of background technology and the array element number is reduced by over 50 percent, so that the method for the suppressing the uniform ultra-sparse array antenna beam pointing fuzziness is characterized in that: adverse impact of the grating lobe on the radar measured angle can be removed to the full extent; the antenna array element number and corresponding channel number of large-aperture uniform array radar are effectively reduced; the system cost is reduced, the application range is enlarged, and the like.

The invention provides a ranging passive location method under an azimuth angle prior condition based on linear sparse arrays. The features of a multi-station system and a single-station system of passive location are combined, on the basis that observing stations are arrayed in a small space range in a linear sparse array mode, the observing stations are used for receiving data phase information, and near-field radiation source ranging location is achieved. On the basis of meticulous analysis of a structure of observed data phase information, prior azimuth angle information is used for carrying out phase compensation on a phase fuzzy part existing in the observed data phase information, a non-phase fuzzy part existing in the observed data phase information is used for establishing an array signal model, and estimation of near-field radiation source distance is completed based on a MUSIC algorithm.