279 results about "Digital analog" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a high-orbit and low-orbit satellite communication resource scheduling method and system, which collects real-time state information of high-orbit and low-orbit satellites, performs digital simulation of a satellite network based on the real-time information, constructs a satellite network management model and predicts satellite trajectory change. The method comprises the following steps: performing multi-dimensional evaluation on a satellite network management model by using a pre-constructed network evaluation framework, generating cross-orbit link evaluation information, analyzing parameters such as link quality and bandwidth, obtaining current service demand information, analyzing a communication resource allocation strategy in combination with a cross-orbit link evaluation result, and formulating a resource scheduling strategy according to strategy analysis. And a high-orbit and low-orbit satellite communication network is constructed through execution of a hierarchical network management mechanism and a cross-orbit data transmission protocol.

The invention relates to the technical field of fire early warning, and discloses a tunnel fire early warning method and system based on deep learning, and the method comprises the steps: deploying a sensor, constructing a wireless transmission network, and obtaining multi-modal data; carrying out preprocessing, feature extraction and feature fusion on the multi-modal data; constructing a tunnel fire early warning model adapted to the construction environment and designing a dynamic threshold mechanism; and designing a multi-level early warning response mechanism and carrying out early warning. According to the invention, the dust-proof smoke sensor is arranged to overcome the problem of susceptibility to dust interference; sampling frequency and communication frequency are automatically adjusted according to monitoring requirements during data transmission, so that the monitoring effect is ensured and the service life of a battery is prolonged; a tunnel fire early warning model based on TCNN is constructed, and a large-scale fire data set is constructed through FDS digital simulation to train the model; a dynamic threshold value capable of being automatically adjusted according to the environment is designed, and the problem that a fixed threshold value system does not adapt to the changing environment is solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a foundation pit dewatering prediction method based on a digital twinborn technology, which comprises the following steps of: 1, establishing a multi-source data fusion layer; 2, establishing a digital twin modeling layer; 3, establishing an intelligent prediction algorithm layer; 4, establishing a dynamic optimization decision layer, and generating a precipitation well optimization scheme based on a prediction result; according to the method, engineering geological data of a geological survey report before excavation of the building foundation pit, historical meteorology of a building location and hydrogeological data are utilized, digital twinning is carried out on precipitation during the whole construction period of the proposed building foundation pit on the basis of a digital twinning technology, the precipitation period, daily precipitation and influence of precipitation on foundation pit supporting are predicted, and the foundation pit supporting effect is improved. According to the method, the influence of settlement deformation of surrounding buildings is reduced, digital simulation is provided for smooth construction of a whole project, and measurement and prediction are provided for the project and the surrounding environment, so that the construction cost is greatly reduced.

The subject matter described herein relates to various antenna element configurations, antenna array configurations, their operations including various systems and methods to generate modulated data for transmission by an RF antenna array via an optical processing engine. The subject matter includes optical processing engine structure and methods (e.g., modulating in the optical domain, MIMO and spatial modulation via RF beam formation, coherent transmission of RF signal components, coherent operation of spatially separate RF antenna arrays) that may be implemented with the various RF antenna array structures. In some examples, the system combines the virtues of digital, analog and optical processing to arrive at a solution for scalable, non-blocking, simultaneous transmission to multiple UE-s. Much of the system architecture is independent of the RF carrier frequency, and different frequency bands can be accessed easily and rapidly by tuning the optical source (TOPS). In some examples, multiple communication channels may be transmitted simultaneously to different locations. The transmitter may be formed by an array of optically fed antennas.

The invention provides a digital twinborn medical education training method and system. The method comprises the following steps: generating case information and scoring rules of AI digital patients based on clinical real cases; constructing a physical training environment which comprises a training model, an environment construction object and an operation sensing device; creating a digital training environment mapped with the physical training environment in real time, wherein the digital training environment comprises an AI digital dummy and an interactive operation process; responding to operation input of the trainee in the physical training environment or the digital training environment; through a server synchronization engine, real-time bidirectional interaction between entity operation of the physical training environment and virtual operation of the digital training environment is realized; and dynamically collecting cross-environment operation data, and generating a clinical ability evaluation report based on case information and scoring rules. The method has the beneficial effects that a medical education evaluation-diagnosis-treatment full operation chain is deeply fused, the clinical practice ability is remarkably improved, and medical risks are effectively prevented and controlled.

The invention discloses a fast-locking low-jitter sub-sampling phase-locked loop structure. The sub-sampling phase-locked loop comprises a sub-sampling Bang-Bang phase discrimination circuit, a self-adaptive variable step size digital filter circuit, a delta sigma digital-to-analog conversion circuit and an oscillator circuit. The sub-sampling Bang-Bang phase discrimination circuit generates a phase discrimination output digital control signal according to an input reference signal and a feedback oscillator signal phase error, the adaptive variable step size digital filter circuit adaptively adjusts a filtering gain according to the phase discrimination output digital control signal, and the output of the filter circuit realizes digital-analog conversion after oversampling modulation. And the output analog signal controls the voltage-controlled oscillator to realize rapid low-jitter phase locking of the output and the reference signal.

The invention discloses an ODAC implementation system and method based on a five-segment thermo-optical phase modulator, and relates to the technical field of optical communication, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining single-mode laser input, dividing the single-mode laser input into two paths through a multi-mode interference device beam splitter, and transmitting the single-mode laser input into an upper arm and a lower arm of a Mach-Zehnder modulator; the current is adjusted through the thermo-optic phase modulator to control the temperature, the refractive index is changed to introduce phase delay, and the phase difference of two arms of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is calibrated; on the basis of a five-segment thermo-optical modulator, hierarchical amplitude modulation is carried out on beam splitting light according to digital input, a phase space is constructed by utilizing weight combination, and a linear optimal discrete state is screened; the modulated light is combined by a multi-mode interference device beam combiner, and digital-analog mapping output of light intensity is carried out; a detector installed at an output port of the five-segment thermo-optical phase modulator is used for monitoring output optical power in real time, the output optical power is fed back to a control circuit to calculate errors, thermo-optical modulation current is dynamically adjusted to compensate offset point drift, and optical digital analog conversion is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of safety early warning, and discloses a safety risk early warning method and system based on a low-code cloud platform, and the method comprises the steps: receiving the installation information of monitoring equipment, carrying out the digital simulation, generating a monitoring architecture model, carrying out the multi-level safety risk analysis, constructing an early warning management framework and a label set, and receiving a user interaction instruction. The method comprises the following steps: scheduling a label set, generating a real-time management model, deploying equipment working parameters, switching a monitoring mode, collecting data and carrying out space-time association and trend analysis to obtain an early warning result, realizes automatic and intelligent safety monitoring, improves the risk identification precision and response speed, enhances the flexibility and customizability of the system, and improves the safety of the system. The problem that in the prior art, a fixed early warning mode cannot adapt to all working modes of the same working scene is solved.

The invention relates to a square wave generation method and system based on a DDS signal transmitter, and belongs to the technical field of digital electronic signal synthesis. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a digital analog signal sampling frequency based on a square wave output frequency set by a user, and obtaining a digital fundamental frequency phase signal according to a phase-locked loop precision range; mapping the digital fundamental frequency phase signal into a sinusoidal amplitude signal according to a digital phase accumulation mechanism to obtain a digital-analog conversion clock, binarizing the sinusoidal amplitude signal, and outputting a square wave output period; dividing a square wave output period into a low level region and a high level region according to the precision range of the phase-locked loop, reading a square wave output frequency set by a user through a random storage address, and outputting a non-offset phase-locked square wave; and constructing an error accumulation self-checking architecture to calculate a frequency control word, and when detecting that the frequency control word has a decimal discarding error, recalculating the frequency control word.

Techniques and apparatus for determining dynamic current mismatches in a current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) are provided. One example technique generally includes accumulating current mismatches between a DAC cell of a plurality of DAC cells and a reference cell using a capacitive element and changing a polarity of the capacitive element during the accumulating. The timing of the accumulating may be controlled such that a static current mismatch between the DAC cell and the reference cell is at least reduced and a dynamic current mismatch between the DAC cell and the reference cell is enhanced.

The invention relates to the technical field of printing control, and discloses an intelligent printing job scheduling method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the production process, performance and layout information of each job unit, carrying out the digital simulation based on the information, building a basic and deep digital model, collecting task target data, and simulating a job scheduling scheme. The method comprises the steps of obtaining equipment load information, analyzing logistics evaluation information of different scheduling schemes, evaluating each scheduling plan, selecting an optimal scheme, issuing a job scheduling strategy, tracking the equipment load in real time and adjusting a job scheduling plan, and the method optimizes job scheduling through digital simulation, prediction and evaluation, effectively improves the production efficiency, reduces the fluctuation of the equipment load, and improves the working efficiency. The flexibility and stability of a production line are enhanced, and the problem that in the prior art, the efficiency is poor due to the fact that printing process plans are controlled through artificial experience is solved.

The invention discloses a high-precision dynamic compensation method and circuit for I / O electric leakage, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring the voltage of an I / O port in real time through an I / O voltage detection module, precisely sampling the electric leakage current through an I / O electric leakage sampling module, and carrying out the processing through an electric leakage monitoring resistor network, an electric leakage monitoring module, a voltage-to-current generator module and the like. The electric leakage direction is determined by the electric leakage current direction judgment detector, and finally the I / O electric leakage dynamic compensation module outputs adaptive current to compensate electric leakage. In addition, parameters can be adjusted through a specific model formula, accurate compensation of electric leakage under different conditions is achieved, the problems of I / O electric leakage direction detection, dynamic monitoring, compensation and the like can be effectively solved, digital and analog function multiplexing at the same I / O port is achieved, the performance of an analog circuit sensitive to I / O electric leakage is improved, and the advantages of high precision and dynamic compensation are achieved.

The invention discloses a printing-shooting process image degradation simulation method, device and equipment based on a graph-to-graph diffusion model, and aims to solve the problems that an existing degradation simulation method is greatly different from a real physical process and cannot be accurately controlled. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a printing-shooting data set containing a plurality of printing parameters and shooting parameters; then coding the physical parameters into conditional control vectors, and injecting the conditional control vectors into a Unet network of a graph-to-graph diffusion model for training; when an image is generated, an innovative double-flow noise layer structure is adopted, the structure combines a first branch adopting a traditional digital simulation method and a second branch adopting the pre-training diffusion model in parallel, and one of the first branch and the second branch is selected to be output according to a preset probability. According to the method, a highly vivid degraded image can be generated, so that the robustness and accuracy of downstream tasks (such as deep watermarking and image recognition) in a real printing-shooting scene are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber wireless communication and mobile forward transmission, in particular to a digital analog optical fiber wireless forward transmission transmitting end parameter self-adaptive optimization method and system based on reinforcement learning. Decomposing the normalized wireless signal into digital parts of all levels and a final analog residual error part through multi-level modulation, and transmitting the digital parts and the final analog residual error part in a time division multiplexing manner; a receiving end represents inter-symbol interference caused by link nonlinear distortion and bandwidth limitation, and the signal-to-noise ratio of a recovery signal is calculated based on the error vector amplitude. Parameters of a transmitting end are optimized and modeled into a Markov decision process, states comprise rounding factors, scaling factors, constellation forming factors and pre-equalization filter tap coefficients of all levels, and actions are discrete increments of the parameters; a reinforcement learning agent is constructed by using a dual deep action value network, and training is updated in combination with experience playback and a target network. The reward function comprises a threshold satisfaction item and a signal-to-noise ratio change item; parameters are interactively updated in the training stage, and online self-adaptive adjustment is performed in the reasoning stage.

The invention discloses a public examination interview simulation system based on VR and a large language model, and relates to the technical field of interview virtual digital simulation, and the system comprises a VR interaction module which comprises a head-mounted virtual reality display, a gesture sensor, a pressure sensor and a voice collection port, and is used for constructing a virtual examination room scene; the data processing module is connected with the VR interaction module and is used for collecting the voice, pressure indication and action data of the examinee; the large language model analysis module is trained based on a public operator interview question bank, analyzes answer contents of examinees in real time, and generates scores and improvement suggestions; the feedback output module combines the scoring result with the dynamic mouth shape and gesture of the virtual examiner, and presents the scoring result to the examinee in real time through a VR scene; the simulation process comprises the steps of examinee sign-in, examinee drawing, examinee waiting for examination, examinee interview answering and examiner feedback evaluation. According to the simulation system, the interview cost is remarkably reduced, meanwhile, the consistency and objectivity of evaluation are ensured, and examinees are helped to achieve digital public examination interview simulation.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel site intelligent inspection method and system and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: collecting site information of a photovoltaic power station to be inspected, the site information comprising surrounding environment information and terrain geographic information; based on the site information, constructing a three-dimensional digital simulation scene corresponding to the photovoltaic power station to be inspected; planning an optimal inspection path based on the three-dimensional digital simulation scene; and through the optimal inspection path, constructing a path prediction model of the unmanned aerial vehicle by adopting a long short-term neural network LSTM, and introducing a reinforcement learning mechanism to perform iterative training on the path prediction model of the unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby optimizing the flight strategy and path planning capability of the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the invention, automatic inspection of a photovoltaic panel site is realized, maintenance and supervision are carried out by only a small number of personnel, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and unnecessary loss of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the flight process is reduced through an optimized flight path and intelligent flight control.

The invention provides an engine troubleshooting system based on a digital twinning technology, which comprises the steps of constructing a digital simulation model of an engine based on the digital twinning technology, constructing a maintenance judgment model, and simulating engine operation and fault data through the digital simulation model for fault judgment training, and the maintenance judgment model evaluates fault judgment training. In the embodiment, the digital simulation model of the engine is constructed through the digital twinning technology, all detectable parameters of the engine are synchronously displayed by the digital simulation model for reference of maintenance personnel and judgment of the position of a fault part, and the maintenance judgment model evaluates the fault position judgment time, the maintenance time and the like of the maintenance personnel. And the troubleshooting maintenance level of maintenance personnel is effectively improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of computing power network scheduling, and particularly relates to an intelligent computing power network scheduling system based on digital simulation. Comprising an agent knowledge support module, a multi-agent self-organizing interaction module, a trend evolution simulation module and a macroscopic regulation and control evaluation optimization module. The agent knowledge support module provides support for dynamic evolution of the agent by constructing a multi-level and structured knowledge fusion system; the multi-agent self-organizing interaction module realizes distributed collaborative decision based on a reinforcement learning framework and a game equilibrium theory; the trend evolution simulation module is responsible for performing accurate prediction and risk assessment on the future state of the computing power network; the macroscopic regulation and control evaluation optimization module automatically searches an optimal policy combination based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm and provides data support for a decision maker; the system modules cooperate with each other to form a data-driven closed-loop feedback updating mechanism. The resource waste is reduced, and the scheduling efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a seamless range switching system and a seamless range switching method for instrument current measurement. The seamless range switching system comprises a digital-to-analog converter, an error amplifier, a first driving circuit, a first current measurement circuit, a clamping circuit, a second driving circuit, a second current measurement circuit, two analog-to-digital converters and a field programmable gate array. The first current measuring circuit converts 10 [mu] A to 30 mA low current into a first voltage signal to form a negative feedback closed loop. When the first voltage signal reaches a Zener breakdown threshold value, the clamping circuit outputs a trigger signal to start the second driving circuit, so that the two driving circuits jointly provide a total current of 30mA to 500mA for the load; the two analog-to-digital converters perform synchronous sampling, and the field programmable gate array selects digital signal output which is in a linear measurement range and has an error not exceeding + / -0.05% of a full scale. No mechanical switch exists in the switching process, the current is uninterrupted, and wide-range high-precision continuous measurement is achieved.

The invention discloses a communication perception symbiotic digital analog hybrid beam generation method and device, and relates to the field of wireless communication or other related technical fields, and the method comprises the steps: building a communication signal model and a perception signal model; for the communication signal model and the sensing signal model, adopting a Cramer-Rao lower bound of target angle estimation as a measurement parameter of sensing performance, and constructing a beam forming matrix optimization problem under the constraint of the measurement parameter; the beam forming matrix optimization problem is simplified by adopting a fractional programming algorithm and a Shuerr complement condition, and the beam forming matrix optimization problem is iteratively solved by adopting a penalty dual decomposition algorithm; and based on the optimized digital beam forming matrix and analog beam forming matrix, generating a digital-analog hybrid beam in an Internet of Vehicles communication sensing scene. According to the invention, the technical problem that a communication structure obtained by an all-digital array cannot simultaneously support efficient communication and high-precision remote sensing in the prior art is solved.

The application discloses a steam generator system reliability calculation method and equipment based on a digital simulation method, which can realize the failure-free time interval and task reliability evaluation of the whole steam generator system. The method first establishes a reliability block diagram of the steam generator, and then establishes a reliability mathematical analysis model of the whole steam generator system about each component subsystem. Secondly, the failure time sample of the component subsystem and a sample virtual extension evaluation method based on Bootstrap are used to fit the failure time probability density function. According to the failure time probability density function, the MCMC digital simulation method is used to extract the failure time sample, which is substituted into the system reliability analysis model to finally calculate the average failure-free interval and task reliability of the whole machine. The method can effectively evaluate the reliability simulation of the steam generator, and when the task reliability threshold value is given, the method can give a warning for the operation reliability of the steam generator.

The invention discloses a magnetic axis keyboard Hall sensor array reading circuit and a reading method. The device comprises a Hall sensor array, a controllable power supply array, a control module, two 1-out-of-N selectors, an analog comparator, a digital comparator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter. The power supply end of each Hall sensor is connected with the output end of the corresponding controllable power supply, and signals input by the high-voltage enabling end and the low-voltage enabling end of each controllable power supply are not high levels at the same time. A mobile threshold register and a trigger threshold register are arranged in the control module, output ends of the N Hall sensors are respectively connected with corresponding input ends of the two one-out-of-N selectors, and the two one-out-of-N selectors are respectively connected with the mobile threshold register and the trigger threshold register through the analog comparator and the digital comparator. According to the invention, adaptive frequency modulation and voltage regulation can be carried out, the working current of the Hall sensor array is greatly reduced, the working time of the magnetic axis keyboard is prolonged, and the key delay is reduced.

The present invention provides a digital simulation method for village and town settlements based on cellular automata. First, basic data on village and town settlement development is collected, cleaned, and refined. The decisions and behaviors of various stakeholders are dynamically captured through a multi-agent system and incorporated into a preliminary analysis. These basic data and analysis results are input into a cellular automaton based on machine learning, and ultimately the transformation rules of the cellular automaton are learned. Cell states are iteratively updated according to these rules to simulate and record land behavior changes over time. The land use conversion probability of each cell is calculated, and land use change trends are analyzed. Land development projects are randomly selected using a parallel Monte Carlo method, and the total land supply is determined. Finally, a determination is made as to whether the total supply meets a preset supply threshold. If not, iterative adjustments are made. If so, the results are summarized and visualized. This method provides a systematic, intelligent, and efficient solution for complex land management needs.

The utility model provides a light compensating circuit and a pulse blood oxygen simulation system, which relates to the technical field of blood oxygen detection and comprises an ambient light detection circuit, an ambient light simulation generation circuit and a compensation superposition circuit. The ambient light detection circuit comprises a light sensor, a first operational amplifier, a first resistor and a microprocessor; the optical sensor is connected with the inverted input end of the first operational amplifier, the inverted input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the input end of a digital analog converter port of the microprocessor. The output end of the digital analog converter port of the microprocessor is connected with the first input end of the compensation superposed circuit, and the output end of the ambient light analog generation circuit is connected with the second input end of the compensation superposed circuit. Therefore, the resistance of the system to ambient light interference is effectively improved.

The present invention discloses a timing calibration device and method for a multi-channel group. The timing calibration device for a multi-channel group includes multiple channel inputs, at least one relay switch, at least one comparator, at least one first multiplexer, and a measuring time chip. The at least one comparator is connected to the at least one relay switch and to a reference voltage, or the reference voltage is replaced by a digital-to-analog converter. The at least one first multiplexer inputs signals from different channel groups and outputs a signal of a designated channel. The measuring time chip calculates the timing signal difference of each channel in the multiple channel inputs as a basis for timing signal delay. The present invention can achieve a timing waveform with consistent alignment on the channel terminal, complete accurate timing error calibration, avoid signal time difference, and use only a single circuit board, significantly reducing the cost of the circuit board.

This application applies to the field of intelligent manufacturing technology and provides a digital twin visualization prediction method, device, terminal, and medium for industrial control components. The method includes: obtaining a digital twin of an industrial control device, wherein the industrial control device includes multiple industrial control components, each of which has an interactive relationship with the other; the digital twin includes digital components corresponding to each industrial control component, and each digital component establishes a digital analog relationship corresponding to the interaction relationship; obtaining operating data of the industrial control device; and predicting the operation of the industrial control device based on the operating data, the digital twin, and the digital analog relationship. This solution enables users to visually predict the operating status of industrial control components, improving the convenience and security of industrial management.

The present invention discloses a method, device and equipment for simulating image degradation in a printing-shooting process based on an image-to-image diffusion model, aiming to solve the problem that existing degradation simulation methods differ greatly from real physical processes and cannot be precisely controlled. The method first constructs a printing-shooting dataset covering a variety of printing parameters and shooting parameters; then encodes these physical parameters into conditional control vectors and injects them into a Unet network of an image-to-image diffusion model for training; when generating images, the present invention adopts an innovative dual-stream noise layer structure, which combines a first branch using a traditional digital simulation method and a second branch using the pre-trained diffusion model in parallel, and selects one of them for output according to a preset probability. The present invention can generate highly realistic degraded images, thereby significantly improving the robustness and accuracy of downstream tasks (such as deep watermarking and image recognition) in real printing-shooting scenarios.

The utility model relates to an optical communication coupling module. The optical communication coupling module comprises at least one photodiode, an analog-to-digital converter, and a variable resistor or a digital-to-analog converter. The photodiode is used for detecting the quantity of laser light; an analog-to-digital converter connected to the photodiode; the variable resistor is connected to the photodiode, and the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; according to a comparison result of an input voltage of the photodiode and a threshold voltage, a resistance value of the variable resistor is adjusted, or a reference voltage of the analog-to-digital converter is adjusted, so that whether the analog-to-digital converter is started or not is determined, and the analog-to-digital converter is in a dynamic range.

The present disclosure relates to digital twins. A method for automatically adjusting at least one adjustable process parameter of a tool machining machine, which is part of a first or second manufacturing process for physically machining an input workpiece into an output workpiece, is provided. At least one geometric feature of the output workpiece is measured by a coordinate measuring machine. The measurement result is fed together with the nominal measurement data of the geometric feature into a deterministic digital simulation of at least a part of the manufacturing process, where the adjustable process parameter at least simulates the deterministic behavior of the tool machining machine related to the operation of its tool. The simulation is performed with the variation of at least one of the modeled process parameters. An adjusted value of the adjustable process parameter is obtained based on the simulation with the adjusted modeled process parameter and based on the nominal geometric data, and the adjusted value enables the adjusted operation of the tool machining machine with respect to its tool to result in a reduction in the difference between the actual geometric data and the nominal geometric data of the feature.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor laser driving circuits. The invention provides an adjustable semiconductor laser constant current driving circuit which comprises a microcontroller, a DC / DC voltage reduction module, a semiconductor laser and a current regulation and control module. The microcontroller is connected with an enabling end of the DC / DC voltage reduction module, an input end of the DC / DC voltage reduction module is connected with an external power supply, an output end is connected with a positive electrode of the semiconductor laser, a negative electrode of the semiconductor laser is connected with the current regulation and control module, and the current regulation and control module is connected with an ADC sampling interface of the microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected with a digital-analog conversion module, and the output end of the digital-analog conversion module is connected to the feedback end of the DC / DC voltage reduction module through a current regulation and control module; and the microcontroller is also connected with a communication module for exchanging data with external equipment. Through the integrated communication and closed-loop control architecture, the controllability and system integration capability of the driving circuit are improved, and high-precision adjustable output of the driving current of the semiconductor laser is realized.