97results about How to "Avoid clipping" patented technology

Novel gap fill schemes involving depositing both flowable oxide films and high density plasma chemical vapor deposition oxide (HDP oxide) films are provided. According to various embodiments, the flowable oxide films may be used as a sacrificial layer and/or as a material for bottom up gap fill. In certain embodiments, the top surface of the filled gap is an HDP oxide film. The resulting filled gap may be filled only with HDP oxide film or a combination of HDP oxide and flowable oxide films. The methods provide improved top hat reduction and avoid clipping of the structures defining the gaps.

A method and apparatus for controlling a selectable voltage audio power output stage provides a mechanism for raising the selected power amplifier output voltage in time for the arrival of signal peaks to avoid clipping. Signal peaks may either be delayed by delaying an increase in volume control level or enabling signal compression for a predetermined time period, so that sufficient time is provided for the amplifier power supply to stabilize at a higher operating voltage when an increase of power supply voltage is selected. Alternatively, a signal level may be determined at an upstream source, such as a decoder or filter that provides information in sufficient advance of the arrival of the peaks, and used to control the power supply selection, so that the higher power supply voltage level is selected in advance of arrival of the signal peaks that would otherwise cause clipping at the power amplifier output.

A system level automatic gain control (“System AGC”) automatically initializes and controls analog microphone gain in an environment where multiple independent applications simultaneously receive an input from a single analog microphone or microphone array. In one embodiment, the System AGC also prevents those applications from acting to separately control the gain by intercepting external gain control commands and responding to the corresponding application with a corresponding digital gain applied to the input signal from the microphone. Consequently, the System AGC avoids problems relating to oscillations and instability in the microphone gain resulting from multiple applications trying to simultaneously control the gain while preventing each application from adversely affecting the quality of another application's audio capture signal. Further, in one embodiment, the System AGC also acts to maximize the signal to noise (SNR) ratio of the microphone without introducing clipping as a function of a sampled background environment.

A portable speaker of a portable multimedia device includes a digital amplifier to receive a digital audio signal from the portable multimedia device and to digitally process and output the received digital audio signal to a speaker unit, and a battery to supply electric power to at least one of the digital amplifier and the portable multimedia device.

A projection objective formed from six mirrors arranged in a light path between an object plane and an image plane is provided. The projection objective, in some examples, is characterized by having a physical distance between the vertexes of adjacent mirrors that is large enough to allow for the six mirrors to have sufficient thickness and stability properties to prevent surface deformations due to high layer tensions. In some embodiments, mirror thickness are such that surface deformations are prevented with mirrors having layer tensions lower than 350 MPa. Mirror surfaces may comprise multilayer systems of Mo/Be or Mo/Si layer pairs. In some examples, the physical distance between a vertex of the third mirror and a vertex of the sixth mirror (S3S6) satisfies the following relationship: 0.3×(a used diameter of the third mirror S3+a used diameter of the sixth mirror S6)<S3S6. In some examples, a ratio of a physical distance between a vertex of the first mirror and a vertex of the third mirror (S1S3) to a physical distance between the vertex of the first mirror and a vertex of the second mirror (S1S2) is within the range of: 0.5<S1S3/S1S2<2. In some examples, the physical mirror surfaces of the mirrors have a rotational symmetry with respect to a principal axis (PA). In some examples, all physical mirror surfaces are aspherical. In some examples, at most five physical mirror surfaces are aspherical. Other examples are provided, along with microlithography projection exposure apparatuses and processes for producing a microelectronic device.

A sound signal processing device causes an amplifier to amplify a low frequency signal and synthesizes the amplified low frequency signal with a middle or high frequency signal so as to output the resultant output signal. A gain control section controls a gain of the amplifier on the basis of an amplitude of the output signal. As a result, it is possible to amplify the low frequency signal without any clipping in a receiving end device and without any unstable volume of a middle or high frequency component.

An apparatus and method for power control in a cellular basestation transmitter with multiple digital carrier channels. Each digital carrier signal is attenuated by a digital power control circuit under the control of a microcontroller, the amount of attenuation varying according to the number of active channels. The attenuated digital signals are combined and converted to an analog signal by a digital to analog converter, and the analog signal is amplified by an analog power control circuit also under control of the microcontroller. The combined digital signal may be clipped to reduce the signal peaks, the amount of clipping varying according to the number of active channels.

A controller 100 updates data LVLm indicative of a level section of an input audio signal and controls a reference level Vr based on a signal CMP representative of a comparison result between the input audio signal and the reference level Vr, and further, controls gains of electronic volumes 10L and 10R in such a manner that these gains become such gains corresponding to the level section of the input audio signal. In this case, the level sections of the input audio signals are related to the gains in such a manner that levels of output signals of the electronic volumes do not exceed a previously set output amplitude upper limit level.

Provided are an audio signal processing apparatus and method. The audio signal processing apparatus includes: a sensing unit for sensing an impedance value of a headphone and adjusting a gain to be applied to an audio signal based on the sensed impedance value; and an amplifier for generating an output audio signal by receiving at least one bias voltage corresponding to the adjusted gain and amplifying the input audio signal according to the adjusted gain. The audio signal processing apparatus is capable of appropriately adjusting the magnitude of an acoustic signal output from a headphone, according to the product specifications of the headphone.

The invention discloses a carrier modulation method of a two-stage matrix converter. The carrier modulation method includes that an application control system samples network voltage, duty ratios of an effective current vector and a zero vector are calculated according to a relative position angle of a rectifier-stage input current space vector, and modulation signals of a rectifier stage are calculated according to the duty ratios of the effective current vector and the zero vector; an equivalent average value of direct-current bus voltage in a modulation period is calculated, and modulation signals of an inverter stage are calculated by combining the duty ratio of the effective current vector and the duty ratio of the zero vector; control signals of a rectifier-stage power switch and an inverter-stage power switch of the two-stage matrix converter are generated according to the modulation signals of the rectifier stage and the inverter stage. Carrier modulation is performed on the basis of the current space vector, so that generation of narrow pulses is inhibited, unbalancing of input voltage is inhibited, modulation process of the two-stage matrix converter is simplified, and the carrier modulation method has good application prospect and practical value.

A class D amplifier includes: an amplifier that generates a digital signal for driving a load based on an input signal; an attenuator that attenuates the input signal according to an attenuation command signal; and a clip prevention controller that outputs the attenuation command signal to intermittently attenuate the input signal when the digital signal is brought into a clip state or a near-clip state.

Imaging signal obtained through exposure for divided exposure times is A/D converted to digital imaging signal. Dark current component is subtracted from the digital imaging signal. The result of subtraction is accumulated and stored in a first memory. Next, exposure for divided exposure times is performed with the imaging device shielded from light. The obtained imaging signal is A/D converted to digital imaging signal. Dark current component is subtracted from the digital imaging signal. The result of subtraction is accumulated and stored sequentially in a second memory. The digital imaging signal stored in the second memory is subtracted from the digital imaging signal stored in the first memory. Then the result of subtraction is output. The word length allocated to one pixel in the first and second memories is longer than the word length of one A/D converted pixel.

The invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, in particular to a secondary cell top cover and a secondary cell.The secondary cell top cover comprises a top cover sheet, a first post terminal unit, a second post terminal unit, an overturning sheet and a conducting sheet.The first post terminal unit is fixedly and electrically connected with the top cover sheet.The second post terminal unit comprises a second post terminal and a cover plate, the cover plate is fixedly and electrically connected with the second post terminal, and both the cover plate and the second post terminal are connected with the top cover sheet in an insulating mode.The overturning sheet is electrically connected with the top cover sheet and arranged below the cover plate.The conducting sheet is electrically connected with the top cover sheet and arranged above the overturning sheet.In a normal state, both the overturning sheet and the conducting sheet are disconnected from the cover plate; when air pressure in the cell reaches a set value, the overturning sheet turns over so that both the overturning sheet and the conducting sheet can be electrically connected with the cover plate.The secondary cell comprises the secondary cell cover.According to the secondary cell top cover and the secondary cell, the risk that the overturning sheet is topped or fused is effectively reduced.

A gamut adjusting method fully expresses a dynamic range of a display gamut to display an image more naturally. With respect to a brightness signal of each primary color of an input image signal, a data translation unit executes a matrix calculation based on a translation matrix for conversion into an image signal for display control. A saturation calculating unit calculates saturation of the input image signal. When saturation is smaller than a threshold value, the data translation unit is set with a translation matrix such that a tone on the display corresponds to or approximates a tone of the input image signal. When saturation is greater than the threshold value and smaller than a maximum value, as the saturation increases, a translation matrix is switched such that a vector on a xy chromaticity diagram toward a tone on a display approximates a vector toward a tone for maximum saturation.

The embodiment of the invention provides a sound mixing method and device of an audio signal. The sound mixing method comprises the following steps of: in two paths of audio signals to be mixed, extracting two sampling points corresponding to the same sampling time; matching sample point data of the two sampling points with preset mixing conditions, determining a corresponding mixing mode according to the matched mixing condition; determining a corresponding mixing balance parameter m in the mixing mode according to the number of sampling digits of the sampling points; and according to the matched mixing mode and the corresponding mixing balance parameter, mixing the two sampling points. According to the invention, the problem of clipping can be avoided when audio signals are mixed.